Due to the uncertainty of world economic development, market demands are stochastic and the supply quantities of suppliers in the supply chain are always flexible, so a mixed wholesale-option-contract (abbreviated as a mixed contract) is one of the g...
In a supply chain composed of multiple members, supply chain coordination plays a crucial role in achieving overall optimization and efficiency. Various supply contract forms have been studied in the existing literature to facilitate supply chain coo...
Based on two substitute products, we study the inventory and contract coordination strategy of a three-echelon supply chain, which consists of two suppliers, a manufacturer and a retailer, under supply disruption and stochastic demand. We investigate...
Agri-food supply chains are highly exposed to freshness deterioration, demand uncertainty, and information asymmetry. In practice, upstream suppliers may strategically misreport freshness-related information to influence downstream procurement decisi...
This paper studies the supply chain coordination where the retailer is loss-averse, and a combined buyback and quantity flexibility contract is introduced. The loss-averse retailer’s objective is to maximize the Conditional Value-at-Risk of uti...
As economic fluctuations and market uncertainty intensify, supply chain members face enormous challenges. To explore the role of revenue-sharing contracts in supply chain members with different risk preferences, we study the risk-averse two-stage sup...
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become the focus of the company’s daily operations and strategic choices. At present, the supply risk events caused by the CSR violations of service providers in the service supply chain are frequent, w...
With the complex and changeable environment, the demand and yield in the perishable products supply chain are usually uncertain. This paper studies a joint contract that combines revenue sharing with quantity discount to coordinate the supply chain u...
A logistics service integrator (LSI) usually requires a logistics service provider (LSP) to carry out smart transformation in order to improve the level of logistics service. However, LSP’s smart transformation faces uncertainty in terms of inv...
Due to social and psychological factors, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted international trade, dampened consumption globally, and resulted in conservative investment and spending. To stimulate economic recovery while promoting the establishment of...
In order to improve green performance and achieve sustainability goals, food companies see the need to adopt green supply chain management. However, ensuring a green supply is a tough task since food companies do not always have full information of t...
With changes in demand and the emergence of new distribution channels, consumer-centric buyer’s markets for many products have been formed. The platform supply chain has been continuously optimized and upgraded. Supply chain leaders have moved...
The development of the fresh-food e-commerce has led scholars to pay more attention to research on the agricultural product supply chain. This paper analyses the operation mode of the new O2O retail fresh supply chain by constructing the Stackelberg...
This study considers a two-stage supply chain (SC) consisting of a single supplier and a manufacturer. When the manufacturer introduces a new product to the market, both the manufacturer and supplier should install production capacity in advance. Sin...
One of the debates in the literature of contract farming concerns contracting firms’ preferences over large growers and if contract farming is inclusive of smallholders. The empirical evidence was mixed, which may be due to ignoring the stylize...
22 October 2020
In the market, once consumers have a low-carbon preference, they will choose green low-carbon products. The market demand for green products is not only related to product price, but also consumers’ low-carbon preference. In this way, enterpris...
In multitier supply chains, brand-owners often form exclusive deals with downstream retailers or upstream suppliers. Therefore, the selection of exclusive channel strategies becomes a critical decision for brand owners, resulting in three typical str...
Green contracting mechanisms are utilized to integrate sustainable and environmentally protective goals into business objectives. This study proposes a framework for the design of green contract mechanisms in forestry supply chain management. We assu...
The quality control of remanufactured products in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) can significantly influence consumers’ decision-making, and the contract coordination of CLSC has also become a research hotspot. This paper explores the qualit...
11 July 2025
In the context of global e-commerce platform supply chains dominated by Alibaba and Amazon, power reconfiguration among tripartite stakeholders (platforms, manufacturers, and retailers) remains a critical yet underexplored issue in supply chain contr...
To enhance product greenness and operational performance, this study designs a Nash bargaining contract incorporating consumer environmental awareness in an agricultural supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. The manufacturer i...
To address the issue of excessive pessimism caused by demand and supply uncertainties in the green hydrogen supply chain, this study develops a two-tier green hydrogen supply chain model comprising upstream hydrogen production stations and downstream...
This paper investigates a supply chain consisting of a single risk-neutral supplier and a single risk-averse retailer with the call option contract and a service requirement, where the retailer’s objective is to maximize the Conditional Value-at-Risk...
Compared with the traditional agri-food supply chain (AFSC) whose only goal is to maximize economic benefits, the sustainable agri-food supply chain (SAFSC) starts to attract more attention. Typical challenges faced by SAFSC development are unfair pr...
The agriculture sector plays a pivotal role in global economies, and optimizing its perishable food supply chain (PFSC) is vital to ensuring food security and transparency. The purpose of the study is to develop a blockchain-based smart contract to s...
In this paper, we have presented the design and implementation of a blockchain-based approach for ensuring reliable supply chain management for commodities transported through smart containers. To administer interactions between the sender and receiv...
Digital and intelligent fresh-product supply chains increasingly rely on third-party logistics providers (TPLs) to record and disclose transport-process information. However, the TPL bears data-collection and digital-governance costs while capturing...
There is diminished transparency, fragmented information exchange, and lack of trust among geographically dispersed stakeholders, which increasingly challenge global supply chains. The classic centralized systems of supply chain management are not al...
Probabilistic selling (PS) is widely used in the travel industry and marketing practices; how to design a win-win contract using PS in multiple participants’ supply chain to achieve sustainable development has been a worthy concerned issue in t...
This study proposes a BOPS (buy online and pick up in store) model for a two-echelon supply chain, considering the product return risk to reach an equilibrium result of two omni-channel integration modes, managed by the manufacturer or the retailer,...
Against the background of carbon neutrality, the impact of carbon quota allocation mechanism on supply chain’s decision-making of emission reduction has received increasing attention. This study analyzes the optimal decision-making behavior of...
The oil and gas industry plays a significant role in the economies of many countries today. Due to various factors, including oil price fluctuations, wars, sanctions, and many other instances, selling and supplying these products at low prices is nec...
In recent years, blockchain technology has attracted substantial interest for its capability to transform supply chain management and finance. This paper employs evolutionary game theory to investigate the application of blockchain in mitigating fina...
With the increasing demand for “green” goods, it is necessary for companies to develop green innovation to seize market opportunities. Companies often use the model of supply chain cooperation to carry out green innovation. The standard reward and pu...
Efficient contract management is essential for ensuring sustainable and reliable supply chains; yet, traditional methods remain manual, error-prone, and inefficient, leading to delays, financial risks, and compliance challenges. AI and blockchain tec...
15 April 2020
Frequent food safety problems in recent years have seriously affected China’s public health. The complexity, diversity, and technicality of food safety problems are intertwined, which constantly promotes the Chinese government and the food indu...
This paper studies a two-echelon reverse supply chain (RSC) involving a remanufacturer and a collector, in which the collector receives the used products by paying a reward to consumers. The reward amount given to customers is crucial for encouraging...
The production and leasing of electric construction machinery play a critical role in the low-carbon transition. However, from a multi-cycle dynamic perspective, there is a lack of targeted research on how to enhance electric goodwill and AI-enabled...
The integrity of halal supply chains is increasingly threatened by fragmented paper-based records, certificate fraud, and the absence of real-time traceability. This paper presents HalalChain, a blockchain-based halal product traceability system that...
This paper investigates a retailer-leading two-tier supply chain with a buyback contract under market demand uncertainty, where the retailer first announces a potential maximal order quantity and the supplier then provides a unit wholesale price to i...
This paper defines Conditional Token (CT) as the token with specific conditions and proposes the use functions for its operations in smart contract so that it can be deployed at the public blockchain. If CTs were exchanged to/equivalent to fiat curre...
This article constructed a four-level fresh agricultural product (FAP) supply chain with a two-stage pricing strategy under a “community group purchase (CGP) platform + direct procurement from the FAP supplier” sales model. We investigate...
This paper develops a digital supply chain game, modeling marketing and operation interactions between members. The main novelty of the paper concerns a comparison between static and dynamic solutions of the supply chain game achieved when moving fro...
There is an increasing need for company awareness of environmental problems and sustainable business practices. As a post-consumption activity, the reverse supply chain aims to extract value from products at the end of their lifecycle; it offers a me...
This paper addresses the supply contracts within a decentralized supply chain comprising an upstream component supplier and a downstream manufacturer. With the need to invest in production capacity before the sales season, suppliers often make conser...
New product development has been serving as a growth engine for companies; given this background, the innovation of suppliers that possess new technologies for new products has been a significant subject for manufacturers, particularly in high-tech i...
This paper investigates the problem of contract coordination in a two-tier multi-unit auction supply chain consisting of a seller and an auction house. We theoretically show that the conventional commission-based mechanism distorts the transmission o...
This study investigates a supply chain of fresh produce with consideration of option contracts and where stochastic market demand depends on freshness-keeping effort. Firstly, we investigate a benchmark scenario of an integrated supply chain with fre...
Port supply chains play a very important role in the process of economic globalization. Lack of trust of the mechanism is the main factor in restricting the development of port supply chains. Blockchains have great potential to solve the trust proble...
This paper investigates the potential of integrating supply chain management with blockchain technology, specifically by implementing smart contracts on the Ethereum network using Solidity. The paper explores supply chain management concepts, blockch...
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