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  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
6,396 Views
24 Pages

Monocular Depth Estimation via Self-Supervised Self-Distillation

  • Haifeng Hu,
  • Yuyang Feng,
  • Dapeng Li,
  • Suofei Zhang and
  • Haitao Zhao

24 June 2024

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation can exhibit excellent performance in static environments due to the multi-view consistency assumption during the training process. However, it is hard to maintain depth consistency in dynamic scenes when con...

(This article belongs to the Collection Advances in Deep-Learning-Based Sensing, Imaging, and Video Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,977 Views
17 Pages

Joint Soft–Hard Attention for Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation

  • Chao Fan,
  • Zhenyu Yin,
  • Fulong Xu,
  • Anying Chai and
  • Feiqing Zhang

20 October 2021

In recent years, self-supervised monocular depth estimation has gained popularity among researchers because it uses only a single camera at a much lower cost than the direct use of laser sensors to acquire depth. Although monocular self-supervised me...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensing and Imaging)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,320 Views
14 Pages

SPDepth: Enhancing Self-Supervised Indoor Monocular Depth Estimation via Self-Propagation

  • Xiaotong Guo,
  • Huijie Zhao,
  • Shuwei Shao,
  • Xudong Li,
  • Baochang Zhang and
  • Na Li

16 October 2024

Due to the existence of low-textured areas in indoor scenes, some self-supervised depth estimation methods have specifically designed sparse photometric consistency losses and geometry-based losses. However, some of the loss terms cannot supervise al...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning Techniques for Computer Vision)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,348 Views
19 Pages

Multi-Sensor Fusion Self-Supervised Deep Odometry and Depth Estimation

  • Yingcai Wan,
  • Qiankun Zhao,
  • Cheng Guo,
  • Chenlong Xu and
  • Lijing Fang

2 March 2022

This paper presents a new deep visual-inertial odometry and depth estimation framework for improving the accuracy of depth estimation and ego-motion from image sequences and inertial measurement unit (IMU) raw data. The proposed framework predicts eg...

(This article belongs to the Topic Artificial Intelligence in Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,614 Views
20 Pages

SIM-MultiDepth: Self-Supervised Indoor Monocular Multi-Frame Depth Estimation Based on Texture-Aware Masking

  • Xiaotong Guo,
  • Huijie Zhao,
  • Shuwei Shao,
  • Xudong Li,
  • Baochang Zhang and
  • Na Li

19 June 2024

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation methods have become the focus of research since ground truth data are not required. Current single-image-based works only leverage appearance-based features, thus achieving a limited performance. Deep learni...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photogrammetry Meets AI)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,250 Views
15 Pages

30 October 2023

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation, which has attained remarkable progress for outdoor scenes in recent years, often faces greater challenges for indoor scenes. These challenges comprise: (i) non-textured regions: indoor scenes often contain...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Image/Video Restoration Based on Deep Learning and Its Application in Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,818 Views
18 Pages

18 January 2022

To find an economical solution to infer the depth of the surrounding environment of unmanned agricultural vehicles (UAV), a lightweight depth estimation model called MonoDA based on a convolutional neural network is proposed. A series of sequential f...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Based Sensors and Sensing Systems for Smart Agriculture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,201 Views
14 Pages

Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Differential Attention

  • Ming Zhou,
  • Hancheng Yu,
  • Zhongchen Li and
  • Yupu Zhang

19 September 2025

Depth estimation algorithms are widely applied in various fields, including 3D reconstruction, autonomous driving, and industrial robotics. Monocular self-supervised algorithms for depth prediction offer a cost-effective alternative to acquiring dept...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algorithms for Feature Selection (3rd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,972 Views
24 Pages

6 October 2025

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation from oblique UAV videos is crucial for enabling autonomous navigation and large-scale mapping. However, existing self-supervised monocular depth estimation methods face key challenges in UAV oblique video sc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
513 Views
18 Pages

23 May 2026

Existing self-supervised methods have achieved significant success in ground-level autonomous driving scenarios, but applying them directly to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) videos remains challenging. On the one hand, rapid pose changes in UAVs often...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,356 Views
14 Pages

Learning Effective Geometry Representation from Videos for Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation

  • Hailiang Zhao,
  • Yongyi Kong,
  • Chonghao Zhang,
  • Haoji Zhang and
  • Jiansen Zhao

Recent studies on self-supervised monocular depth estimation have achieved promising results, which are mainly based on the joint optimization of depth and pose estimation via high-level photometric loss. However, how to learn the latent and benefici...

(This article belongs to the Topic 3D Computer Vision and Smart Building and City, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,594 Views
15 Pages

10 June 2021

In recent studies, self-supervised learning methods have been explored for monocular depth estimation. They minimize the reconstruction loss of images instead of depth information as a supervised signal. However, existing methods usually assume that...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,892 Views
27 Pages

For UAVs, the industry currently relies on expensive sensors for obstacle avoidance. A significant challenge arises from the scarcity of high-quality depth estimation datasets tailored for low-altitude environments, which hinders the advancement of s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning and Statistical Learning with Applications (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,923 Views
19 Pages

MonoLENS: Monocular Lightweight Efficient Network with Separable Convolutions for Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation

  • Genki Higashiuchi,
  • Tomoyasu Shimada,
  • Xiangbo Kong,
  • Haimin Yan and
  • Hiroyuki Tomiyama

25 September 2025

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation is gaining significant attention because it can learn depth from video without needing expensive ground-truth data. However, many self-supervised models remain too heavy for edge devices, and simply shrinkin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Convolutional Neural Networks and Computer Vision)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,329 Views
16 Pages

30 August 2025

Autonomous driving represents a transformative advancement with the potential to significantly impact daily mobility, including enabling independent vehicle operation for individuals with visual disabilities. The commercialization of autonomous drivi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Intelligent Vehicles and Autonomous Driving)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,275 Views
21 Pages

16 October 2025

Monocular depth estimation is an essential component in computer vision that enables 3D scene understanding, with critical applications in autonomous driving and augmented reality. This paper proposes a lightweight self-supervised framework from sing...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep Learning Technologies and Their Applications in Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Computational Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
297 Views
23 Pages

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation is challenging at night because adverse illumination degrades the visual cues required for correspondence estimation and depth inference. Although appearance compensation and domain transfer can mitigate nig...

(This article belongs to the Section AI in Imaging)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,861 Views
12 Pages

Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Channel Attention

  • Bo Tao,
  • Xinbo Chen,
  • Xiliang Tong,
  • Du Jiang and
  • Baojia Chen

Scene structure and local details are important factors in producing high-quality depth estimations so as to solve fuzzy artifacts in depth prediction results. We propose a new network structure that combines two channel attention modules in a deep p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical 3D Sensing Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
468 Views
25 Pages

Confidence-Guided Fusion for Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation in Endoscopy

  • Shuang Li,
  • Hongbo Wang,
  • Zhaoxu Hu,
  • Tian Chu,
  • Yingping Li and
  • Liang Zhao

25 June 2026

Accurate monocular depth estimation (MDE) is a foundational task in endoscopic surgery, critical for augmenting depth perception and aiding surgical navigation. While diffusion-based and discriminative depth estimators demonstrate complementary stren...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensing and Imaging)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,365 Views
20 Pages

21 October 2024

Monocular depth estimation provides low-cost environmental information for intelligent systems such as autonomous vehicles and robots, supporting sustainable development by reducing reliance on expensive, energy-intensive sensors and making technolog...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Transportation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,599 Views
25 Pages

15 December 2023

Monocular depth prediction research is essential for expanding meaning from 2D to 3D. Recent studies have focused on the application of a newly proposed encoder; however, the development within the self-supervised learning framework remains unexplore...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Autonomous Vehicles)
  • Communication
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,566 Views
14 Pages

26 June 2023

Estimating depth from a single low-altitude aerial image captured by an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) has become a recent research focus. This method has a wide range of applications in 3D modeling, digital terrain models, and target detection. Tradit...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drone Remote Sensing II)
  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,956 Views
17 Pages

Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Learning in Low-Texture Areas

  • Wanpeng Xu,
  • Ling Zou,
  • Lingda Wu and
  • Zhipeng Fu

26 April 2021

For the task of monocular depth estimation, self-supervised learning supervises training by calculating the pixel difference between the target image and the warped reference image, obtaining results comparable to those with full supervision. However...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Big Remotely Sensed Data)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,060 Views
22 Pages

Robust Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation via Intrinsic Albedo-Guided Multi-Task Learning

  • Genki Higashiuchi,
  • Tomoyasu Shimada,
  • Xiangbo Kong and
  • Hiroyuki Tomiyama

9 January 2026

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation has demonstrated high practical utility, as it can be trained using a photometric image reconstruction loss between the original image and a reprojected image generated from the estimated depth and relative...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Convolutional Neural Networks and Computer Vision)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,762 Views
20 Pages

4 July 2024

Acquiring underwater depth maps is essential as they provide indispensable three-dimensional spatial information for visualizing the underwater environment. These depth maps serve various purposes, including underwater navigation, environmental monit...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Underwater Vision Sensing System)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,477 Views
15 Pages

17 December 2021

The self-supervised monocular depth estimation paradigm has become an important branch of computer vision depth-estimation tasks. However, the depth estimation problem arising from object edge depth pulling or occlusion is still unsolved. The graysca...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,486 Views
17 Pages

Mono-ViM: A Self-Supervised Mamba Framework for Monocular Depth Estimation in Endoscopic Scenes

  • Shengli Chen,
  • Yuming Chen,
  • Xiaoang Xu,
  • Jiahao Li,
  • Ke Ye and
  • Tianzuo Chang

4 November 2025

Self-supervised depth estimation methods enable the recovery of scene depth information from monocular endoscopic images, thereby assisting endoscopic navigation. However, existing monocular endoscopic depth estimation methods generally fail to captu...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,394 Views
21 Pages

8 November 2025

Thermal cameras are known for their ability to overcome lighting constraints and provide reliable thermal radiation images. This capability facilitates methods for depth and ego-motion estimation, enabling efficient learning of poses and scene struct...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Artificial Intelligence in Image Processing)
  • Review
  • Open Access
28 Citations
13,694 Views
47 Pages

31 January 2024

A lot of research has been conducted in recent years on stereo depth estimation techniques, taking the traditional approach to a new level such that it is in an appreciably good form for competing in the depth estimation market with other methods, de...

(This article belongs to the Topic Vehicle Safety and Automated Driving)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,527 Views
11 Pages

Thermal infrared imaging is attracting much attention due to its strength against illuminance variation. However, because of the spectral difference between thermal infrared images and RGB images, the existing research on self-supervised monocular de...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep Learning Techniques for Manned and Unmanned Ground, Aerial and Marine Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
653 Views
24 Pages

8 March 2026

In rainy and foggy conditions, the scattering of light and the occlusion effects of atmospheric particles distort the reflected light from object surfaces, leading to inconsistent depth information. As a result, depth estimation models trained under...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,779 Views
17 Pages

4 September 2023

This paper introduces a novel approach for self-supervised monocular depth estimation. The model is trained on stereo–image (left–right pair) data and incorporates carefully designed perceptual image quality assessment-based loss function...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Computer Vision and Deep Learning and Its Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
7,688 Views
27 Pages

Breaking New Ground in Monocular Depth Estimation with Dynamic Iterative Refinement and Scale Consistency

  • Akmalbek Abdusalomov,
  • Sabina Umirzakova,
  • Makhkamov Bakhtiyor Shukhratovich,
  • Azamat Kakhorov and
  • Young-Im Cho

11 January 2025

Monocular depth estimation (MDE) is a critical task in computer vision with applications in autonomous driving, robotics, and augmented reality. However, predicting depth from a single image poses significant challenges, especially in dynamic scenes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
421 Views
17 Pages

17 May 2026

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation (MDE) has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to traditional depth sensing approaches, which often require expensive equipment or complex configurations. However, these models often fail to maintain high...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Imaging: Algorithms, Technologies, and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,621 Views
13 Pages

Studies have shown that the observed image texture details and semantic information are of great significance for the depth estimation on the road scenes. However, there are ambiguities and inaccuracies in the boundary information of observed objects...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical 3D Sensing Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,539 Views
12 Pages

16 November 2023

In the process of environmental perception, traditional CNN is often unable to effectively capture global context information due to its network structure, which leads to the problem of blurred edges of objects and scenes. Aiming at this problem, a s...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
402 Views
27 Pages

Real-time estimation of the safety distance between power operation workers and energized equipment is essential for preventing electric shock, arc flash injury, and equipment accidents during live or near-energized operations. However, large-scale d...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI Applications for Smart Grid: 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,606 Views
17 Pages

Depth Estimation of Monocular PCB Image Based on Self-Supervised Convolution Network

  • Zedong Huang,
  • Jinan Gu,
  • Jing Li,
  • Shuwei Li and
  • Junjie Hu

To improve the accuracy of using deep neural networks to predict the depth information of a single image, we proposed an unsupervised convolutional neural network for single-image depth estimation. Firstly, the network is improved by introducing a de...

(This article belongs to the Collection Deep Learning for Computer Vision: Algorithms, Theory and Application)
  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,397 Views
24 Pages

2 September 2023

Monocular depth estimation (MDE), as one of the fundamental tasks of computer vision, plays important roles in downstream applications such as virtual reality, 3D reconstruction, and robotic navigation. Convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based metho...

  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,387 Views
17 Pages

Geometric Prior-Guided Self-Supervised Learning for Multi-View Stereo

  • Liman Liu,
  • Fenghao Zhang,
  • Wanjuan Su,
  • Yuhang Qi and
  • Wenbing Tao

17 April 2023

Recently, self-supervised multi-view stereo (MVS) methods, which are dependent primarily on optimizing networks using photometric consistency, have made clear progress. However, the difference in lighting between different views and reflective object...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning for LiDAR Point Cloud Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,334 Views
23 Pages

20 January 2026

Monocular depth estimation is a fundamental task with broad applications in autonomous driving and augmented reality. While recent lightweight methods achieve impressive performance, they often neglect the interaction of mid-order semantic features,...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicular Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,500 Views
13 Pages

2 February 2023

Perception and localization are essential for autonomous delivery vehicles, mostly estimated from 3D LiDAR sensors due to their precise distance measurement capability. This paper presents a strategy to obtain a real-time pseudo point cloud from imag...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensing and Control Technologies for Mobile and Collaborative Robotic Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,993 Views
22 Pages

A Semi-Supervised Monocular Stereo Matching Method

  • Zhimin Zhang,
  • Jianzhong Qiao and
  • Shukuan Lin

18 May 2019

Supervised monocular depth estimation methods based on learning have shown promising results compared with the traditional methods. However, these methods require a large number of high-quality corresponding ground truth depth data as supervision lab...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,422 Views
10 Pages

28 August 2025

Monocular fisheye camera distance estimation is a crucial visual perception task for autonomous driving. Due to the practical challenges of acquiring precise depth annotations, existing self-supervised methods usually consist of a monocular distance...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,620 Views
17 Pages

Parallel Multi-Scale Semantic-Depth Interactive Fusion Network for Depth Estimation

  • Chenchen Fu,
  • Sujunjie Sun,
  • Ning Wei,
  • Vincent Chau,
  • Xueyong Xu and
  • Weiwei Wu

Self-supervised depth estimation from monocular image sequences provides depth information without costly sensors like LiDAR, offering significant value for autonomous driving. Although self-supervised algorithms can reduce the dependence on labeled...

  • Article
  • Open Access
443 Views
23 Pages

Awareness-Guided Self-Supervised Visual Odometry via Fusion of Pseudo-Depth and Residual-Flow Cues

  • Shi Zhou,
  • Zijun Yang,
  • Zhen Li,
  • Xianchang Li,
  • Yuchen Sun and
  • Lifeng Zhang

20 September 2026

Self-supervised monocular visual odometry (VO) commonly relies on photometric consistency and rigid-scene assumptions to learn camera motion, making pose estimation vulnerable to unreliable cross-frame observations caused by limited geometric observa...

(This article belongs to the Section Optical Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,704 Views
29 Pages

Speckle2Self: Learning Self-Supervised Despeckling with Attention Mechanism for SAR Images

  • Huiping Lin,
  • Xin Su,
  • Zhiqiang Zeng,
  • Cheng Xing and
  • Junjun Yin

27 November 2025

Despite the in-depth understanding of the synthetic aperture-radar (SAR) speckle and its characteristics, despeckling remains an open issue far from being solved. Deep-learning methods with supervised training have made great progress. However, relia...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,311 Views
16 Pages

Self-Supervised Graph Representation Learning via Information Bottleneck

  • Junhua Gu,
  • Zichen Zheng,
  • Wenmiao Zhou,
  • Yajuan Zhang,
  • Zhengjun Lu and
  • Liang Yang

24 March 2022

Graph representation learning has become a mainstream method for processing network structured data, and most graph representation learning methods rely heavily on labeling information for downstream tasks. Since labeled information is rare in the re...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,922 Views
23 Pages

3 July 2020

We propose a completely unsupervised approach to simultaneously estimate scene depth, ego-pose, ground segmentation and ground normal vector from only monocular RGB video sequences. In our approach, estimation for different scene structures can mutua...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Camera as a Smart-Sensor (CaaSS))
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,236 Views
16 Pages

Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation for Colonoscope System Using Feedback Network

  • Seung-Jun Hwang,
  • Sung-Jun Park,
  • Gyu-Min Kim and
  • Joong-Hwan Baek

11 April 2021

A colonoscopy is a medical examination used to check disease or abnormalities in the large intestine. If necessary, polyps or adenomas would be removed through the scope during a colonoscopy. Colorectal cancer can be prevented through this. However,...

(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Sensors)

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