Scratch testing is a contact mechanics based nondestructive testing method that, if correctly evaluated, can give a lot of information about the material and tribological behavior of a material. In contrast to the situation with another contact-based...
This study investigates the mechanical behavior of various plastic materials through tensile and scratch testing. Three polypropylene-based composites—PP-GB30GF10, PP-TD40, and PP-GF20—were subjected to uniaxial tensile tests in accordanc...
To increase the lifetime of metallic molds and protect their surface from wear, a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) polymer was coated onto a stainless-steel (SS304) substrate, using an air spray process followed by a heat treatment. The microstru...
Despite scratching behavior in owned domestic cats being a self-motivated and natural behavior, it is commonly reported as a behavior problem by owners when it results in damage to household items. The objectives of this study were to use a cross-sec...
The microstructure, mechanical properties, and deformation behavior of wrought and electron beam additive manufactured (EBAM) Ti-6Al-4V samples under scratching were studied. As-received wrought Ti-6Al-4V was subjected to thermal treatment to obtain...
The TaC, HfC, and Hf-Ta-C coatings are successfully prepared by non-reactively DC magnetron sputtering. The effects of working pressure and deposition temperature on the structure and mechanical properties of Ta-Hf-C coating are analyzed. The scratch...
This study investigates the scratch response of α-phase commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) produced via wire arc directed energy deposition (WDED), focusing on the thermal history and directional effects. Progressive scratch tests (1–50 N...
This study analyzes the local deformation behavior of austenitic stainless steel 316L, manufactured conventionally by casting and additively by laser metal deposition (LMD). We produced directionally solidified 316L specimens with most grains showing...
Behavioral contagion has been defined as a phenomenon in which an unlearned behavior automatically triggers a similar behavior in others. Previous studies showed that a behavioral contagion might have the function of strengthening social relationship...
Galling wear, a severe form of wear, is a known problem in sheet metal forming. As the wear state is not directly observable in closed tribosystems, such as in industrial sheet metal forming processes, indirect tool wear monitoring techniques for inf...
Interlaminar failure caused by scratches is a common damage mode in automotive coatings and is considered the potential trigger for irreversible destruction, i.e., plowing. This work strives to numerically investigate the mechanisms responsible for t...
Evaluation and correlation of global quantities, i.e., normal and tangential hardness, at scratch testing in the context of a representative stress description was investigated. In particular, verification based on experimental results is at issue. I...
This study elucidates the dynamic tribo-mechanical response of laser-cladded FeNiCr-B4C metal matrix composite (MMC) coatings on AISI 1040 steel substrate, unraveling the intricate interplay between microstructural features and phase transformations....
Metallopolymers represent an interesting combination of inorganic metal complexes and polymers resulting in a variety of outstanding properties and applications. One field of interest are stimuli-responsive materials and, in particular, self-healing...
Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) leaves have shown therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory disorders, allergies, bronchial asthma, and systemic damage due to free radicals. In the present study we analyzed the active constituents in peri...
Bone resorption and inadequate osseointegration are considered the main problems of titanium implants. In this investigation, the texture and surface roughness of porous titanium samples obtained by the space holder technique were modified with a fem...
This study investigates the validity and applicability of the correlation between scratch and tensile properties for extruded polymer strands. The mechanical properties could be predicted for extruded samples, which allows skipping the step of inject...
Multi-component ultra-high-temperature ceramics (MC-UHTCs) are promising for high-temperature applications due to exceptional thermo-mechanical properties, yet their wear characteristics remain unexplored. Herein, the wear behavior of binary (Ta, Nb)...
The tensile properties, scratch behaviors and sliding wear of an oxide scale obtained on the surface of titanium Grade 2 in the process of isothermal oxidation at 600, 700 and 800 °C were determined in the study. It was shown that the intensity o...
The effect of Ta alloying on the structure, mechanical properties and scratching behavior of Ti-Al-N-based coatings deposited on Ti substrates by reactive direct-current magnetron sputtering is studied. It was found that increasing the Ta content in...
Rough surfaces have been widely considered as negative factors affecting cavitation erosion resistance. However, this study presented the opposite result. Here, 316L stainless steel substrates and the arc-sprayed 316L stainless steel coatings were su...
In this study, closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUMS) was employed to deposit pure Cr films on soft substrate of 2024 Al alloy. The effects of deposition powers and biases on the microstructures and mechanical performance of Cr films we...
Background and Objectives: Allergic contact dermatitis is a common type IV hypersensitivity reaction characterised by redness, itching, oedema and thickening of the skin. It occurs in about 7% of the population and its incidence is increasing. It has...
Itch (pruritus) is a sensation in the skin that provokes the desire to scratch. The sensation of itch is mediated through a subclass of primary afferent sensory neurons, termed pruriceptors, which express molecular receptors that are activated by itc...
Ceramic–metal nanolaminates (CMNLs) are promising scratch-resistant coatings, but knowledge gaps remain regarding the interactive effects of individual layer thickness and scratch depth. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations to inv...
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are promising alternatives to metallic alloys. Their high strength-to-weight ratios; high temperature stabilities; and unique thermal, electrical, and chemical properties make them suitable for automotive, aerospace, de...
This paper addresses a comprehensive and further insight into the sensitivity of material removal and the surface defect formation mechanism to scratch depth during single-grit scratch tests of 50 vol% SiCp/Al composites. The three-dimensional (3D) f...
Hyperalgesic priming is a model of the transition from acute to chronic pain. Whether a similar mechanism exists for “pruritic priming” of itch is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that itchy skin in a commonly used mouse model of d...
In order to study the influence of scratch direction on the deformation characteristics and material removal mechanism of optical glass BK7, nanoscratching experiments were conducted on a Nano indenter using Vickers indenter. Results indicate that th...
This work shows the atomic scale deformation behavior of crystalline multilayer coating comprising up to five Cr and Ni layers. A molecular dynamics simulation was conducted to visualize the atomic scale behavior of the multilayer during indentation/...
Scratching is a natural behavior in cats but can cause damage to household furnishings. In this work, we sought to identify potential semiochemicals in the urine and feces of domestic cats that may modify cat scratching behavior. Sex differences amon...
Objective: Itch is an unpleasant sensation associated with an urge to scratch and is a major health care issue associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). Contagious itch, i.e., subjective feelings of itchiness induced by watching others’ scratching beha...
This study examines the incorporation of chopped glass fiber and nano-silica into epoxy, focusing on their effects on the tribological and mechanical properties. Three reinforcement ratios (1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%) were analyzed by scratch tests a...
4H-SiC (silicon carbide) is widely used in semiconductor devices due to its superior characteristics. However, processing techniques such as cutting, grinding, and polishing generally have problems such as low processing efficiency, high cost, diffic...
Multi-principal-element alloys (MPEAs) exhibit superior strength and good ductility. However, tribological properties of FeCrNi MPEAs remain unknown at nanoscale and complex environments. Here, we investigate the effects of scratching speed, depth, a...
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms underlying AD development remain unclear. In this study, we examined the genetic factors contributing to the onset of itch-associated...
In this study, the service behavior of an X65 oil and gas pipeline in seawater and production water environments was simulated by a corrosion experiment, and the influence of surface treatment (polishing and scratching) on its corrosion behavior was...
Polymer-based wood coatings are used for aesthetic purposes as well as to protect wood surfaces, especially under external conditions. High-hardness mineral fillers are thought to enhance the resistance of these polymer coatings to wear and scratchin...
The deformation behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V alloy samples with lamellar and bimodal microstructures under scratch testing were studied experimentally and using molecular dynamics simulation. It was found that the scratch depth in the sample with a bimodal...
The overt and reflexive matching of behaviors among conspecifics has been observed in a growing number of social vertebrates, including avian species. In general, behavioral contagion—such as the spread of yawning—may serve important func...
Antipruritic effects of kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists have been shown in rodent models of acute and chronic scratching (itchlike behavior). Three KOR agonists, nalfurafine, difelikefalin, and nalbuphine, are in clinical studies for antipruriti...
Aluminum is a very commonly used material at present, and roughly half of the produced aluminum products undergo forming during manufacturing. Galling is a severe form of wear that occurs during sheet metal forming operations and is a common failure...
The tribological behaviors of NiTi alloy produced by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method before and after annealing were investigated at various loading conditions via indentation, scratch, and wear tests. Indentation tests were performed by a py...
Experimental cast titanium alloys containing 20 mass% chromium (Ti-20Cr) show preferable mechanical properties and a good corrosion resistance. This study evaluated the fretting corrosion behavior of Ti-20Cr. Ti-20Cr (n = 4) and commercially pure tit...
The paleodiet of the shovel-tusked gomphotheres from Florida (Amebelodon floridanus, Konobelodon britti, and Serbelodon barbourensis) was assessed via microwear analysis of molar dental enamel and compared to a large database of both e...
Vertical augmentation is one of the most challenging techniques in bone engineering. Several parameters, such mechano-chemical characteristics, are important to optimize vertical bone regeneration using biomaterials. The aims of this study were to ch...
Audio data collected in commercial broiler houses are mixed sounds of different sources that contain useful information regarding bird health condition, bird behavior, and equipment operation. However, characterizations of the sounds of different sou...
Nocturnal scratching substantially impairs the quality of life in individuals with skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Current clinical measurements of scratch rely on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) on itch over the last 24 h. Such meas...
In recent years, research on hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings has been driven by the demands of clinical applications. However, the intrinsic brittleness of HA limits its potential in the use for the load-bearing implant. To improve mechanical properties...
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathophysiology characterized by intense pruritus, often associated with psychological stress and atopic and non-atopic comorbidities that significantly reduce quality of li...
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