There is often difficulty differentiating between psychosomatic, somatopsychic, multisystem illness, and different degrees of medical uncertainty. Uncommon, complex, and multisystem diseases are commonly misdiagnosed. Two case histories are described...
Optimal treatment for non-critically ill multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) remains unclear. We evaluated short-term outcomes in mild to moderately ill hospitalized MIS-C patients fulfilling CDC 2020 and CDC/CTSE 2023 criteria and...
Chronic inflammatory response syndrome (CIRS) and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) are debilitating multisystem illnesses that share overlapping symptoms and molecular patterns, including immune dysregulation, mitochondrial...
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, only partially understood multi-system disease whose onset and severity vary widely. Symptoms include overwhelming fatigue, post-exertional malaise, sleep disruptions, gastroin...
Pediatric inflammatory, multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (PIMS-TS), also known as a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), is diagnosed in children who develop an inadequate inflammatory response af...
The increasing detection of micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) in environmental settings and in human biological samples has raised growing concern about their potential implications for human health. Exposure to plastic particles may cause oxidative stress,...
Functional somatic disorders (FSD), characterized by persistent and disabling physical symptoms, are common in adolescents. Diagnostic uncertainty and insufficient illness explanations are proposed perpetuating factors that may constitute barriers fo...
A review of the association between microbes and mental illness is performed, including the history, relevant definitions, infectious agents associated with mental illnesses, complex interactive infections, total load theory, pathophysiology, psychoi...
The alarming onset of some cases of myocarditis and pericarditis following the administration of Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines in adolescent males has recently been highlighted. All occurred after the second dose of the vac...
Even though there are approximately half a million new cases of Lyme disease in the US annually, according to the CDC, it is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed, which can result in a chronic, multisystemic condition. Lyme disease is a recognized publi...
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) are complex multisystem disorders affecting 60–400 million individuals globally. They are considered post-infectious illnes...
Primary mitochondrial diseases are relatively common inborn errors of energy metabolism, with a combined prevalence of 1 in 4300. These disorders typically affect tissues with high energy requirements, including the brain. Epilepsy affects >1% of...
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating multisystem illness with unknown etiology. An estimated 17–24 million people representing approximately 1% of the population are afflicted worldwide. In over half of...
4 July 2023
Early onset Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), including obesity, allergies, and mental ill-health in childhood, present a serious and increasing threat to lifelong health and longevity. The ORGINS Project (ORIGINS) addresses the urgent need for multi...
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) or Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease (SEID) is a chronic multisystem illness of unconfirmed etiology. There are currently no biomarkers and/or signatures available to assist in the diagn...
17 October 2022
Most pediatric COVID-19 cases are asymptomatic; however, a small number of children are diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare but severe condition that is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Persistent symptom...
Background/Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) is increasingly recognized as a multisystem condition in which metabolic abnormalities, particularly insulin resistance (IR), may be linked to illness severity and neuroprogression. Despite growing evidenc...
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a common hyperglycemic disease characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. Various attempts have been made to understand the complex interplay of genetic and environm...
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most common muscular dystrophy affecting adults and children, is a multi-systemic disorder affecting skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles as well as neurologic, endocrine and other systems. This review is on the...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may result in the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The clinical presentation of MIS-C includes fever, severe illness, and the involvement of two or more orga...
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating multi-system illness with heterogeneity that complicates identifying the pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Evidence indicates the importance of immune d...
A wide array of biological abnormalities in psychotic illness appear to reflect non-cerebral involvement. This review first outlines the evidence for such a whole-body concept of schizophrenia pathobiology, focusing particularly on cardiovascular dis...
3 January 2019
An estimated 25%–32% of veterans of the 1991 Gulf War continue to experience multiple unexplained health problems known as Gulf War Illness (GWI). GWI encompasses chronic pain, musculoskeletal weakness, headache, fatigue, cognitive deficits, al...
Objective: Chronic Lyme disease has been a poorly defined term and often dismissed as a fictitious entity. In this paper, the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society (ILADS) provides its evidence-based definition of chronic Lyme disease. D...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multisystem illness caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can manifest with a multitude of symptoms in the setting of end-organ damage, though it is predominantly respir...
Alcohol has profound effects on tissue and whole-body fuel metabolism which contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality in individuals with alcohol use disorder. This review focuses on the glucose metabolic effects of alcohol, primarily in th...
Systemic sclerosis (also known as scleroderma) is a chronic fibrosing autoimmune disease with both skin and multisystem organ involvement. Scleroderma has the highest mortality among all rheumatic diseases. The pathophysiology mechanism of systemic s...
Pre-eclampsia is a severe pregnancy-related complication that manifests as a syndrome with multisystem involvement and damage. It has significantly grown in frequency during the past 30 years and could be considered as one of the major causes of mate...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly emerged as a global pandemic, placing imminent stress and burden on healthcare resources and workers worldwide. Many patients who present with a severe COVID-19 infection are at high risk of developing seve...
The global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is characterized by a wide variety of clinical features, from no or moderate symptoms to severe illness. COVID-19 is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) th...
Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), identified as a new clinical entity with distinctive features in 1956, was originally considered as a neuromuscular disease. In 1988 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention introduced the ill-defined concept of...
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a disabling multisystem illness in which individuals are plagued with fatigue, inflammatory symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and the hallmark symptom, post-exertional malaise. While the c...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a type of pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. It can cause acute pulmonary and systemic inflammation, which can lead to death in severely ill patients. This study explores the potential reasons behin...
(1) Background: COVID-19 was responsible for the latest pandemic, shaking and reshaping healthcare systems worldwide. Its late clinical manifestations make it linger in medical memory as a debilitating illness over extended periods. (2) Methods: the...
Fifty-five patients who suffered from COVID-19, who were still very ill after several months, with extreme fatigue, effort exhaustion, brain fog, anomia, memory disorder, anosmia, dysgeusia, and other multi-systemic health problems have been followed...
Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is widely used to detect chromosomal aneuploidies and copy number variants (CNVs) in pediatric patients with congenital anomalies or developmental concerns. However, its diagnostic utility in critically ill neona...
Lyme disease (Lyme borreliosis) is a complex multisystem illness with varying clinical manifestations. This tick-borne zoonosis is caused by the spirochetal bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) and, worldwide, presents with at least 20 d...
The global population is experiencing an aging trend; however, this increased longevity is not necessarily accompanied by improved health in older age. A significant consequence of this demographic shift is the rising prevalence of multiple chronic i...
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is increasingly recognised in paediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), but severe GI bleeding remains rare. Its pathogenesis in this setting is multifacto...
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness, principally affecting children under 5 years, due to a systemic vasculitis of obscure etiology. In 2017, the American Heart Association published the diagnostic criteria for KD in their scientific st...
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the ongoing global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Although initially viewed as an acute respiratory illness, COVID-19 is clearly a complex multisystemic disease wit...
Precise reasons for severe manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 remain unanswered, and efforts have been focused on respiratory system management. Demonstration of unequivocal presence of SARS-CoV-2 in vital body organs by cadaver autopsy was the only way to...
Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a new potentially life-threatening disease that is related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study is to reveal the clinical and laboratory results of MIS-C and the role...
Histoplasmosis causes life-threatening disseminated infection in adult patients living with untreated HIV. Although disease incidence has declined dramatically in countries with access to antiretroviral therapy, histoplasmosis remains prevalent in ma...
30 June 2020
Approximately 33% of U.S. soldiers from the first Gulf War suffer from a multi-system disorder known as the Gulf War Illness (GWI). GW veterans suffer from a cluster of symptoms that prominently include fatigue and can include mood-related symptoms....
Since the advent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increased incidence of several endocrinological anomalies in acute-phase and/or long-term complications has been described. The aim of this review is to...
Longitudinal bone growth is mediated through several mechanisms including macro- and micronutrients, and endocrine and paracrine hormones. These mechanisms can be affected by childhood obesity as excess adiposity may affect signaling pathways, place...
Background/Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly transformed social life worldwide, indiscriminately affecting individuals across all age groups. Children have not been exempted from the risk of severe illness and death caused by COVID-19. Obje...
The total number of COVID-19 positive cases in Latvia has escalated rapidly since October 2020, peaking in late December 2020 and early January 2021. Children generally develop COVID-19 more mildly than adults; however, it can be complicated by multi...
Critically ill COVID-19 patients with pleural effusion experience longer hospitalization, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and higher rates of mortality. Generally, pleural effusion can serve as a diagnostic value to differentiate cytokine levels....
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