This study assesses the risks of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) from moraine sediment dams around Gurudongmar Lake in the Northern Sikkim Himalayas at an elevation of 17,800 feet. It focuses on three moraine sediment dams, analysing the implica...
In Kyrgyzstan, outburst flood disasters from glacial lakes are increasing. An example is the sudden drainage on 8 August 2019 of the Toguz-Bulak glacial lake in the Tosor river basin of the northern Tien Shan region. In this study, we used remote sen...
The retreat of mountain glaciers inevitably leads to an increase in the number of outburst moraine lakes. One of the possible mechanisms of moraine dam outburst along with overflow over the crest is the formation of a filtration channel in the body o...
Glacier recession driven by climate change produces glacial lakes, some of which are hazardous. Our study assesses the evolution of three of the most hazardous moraine-dammed proglacial lakes in the Nepal Himalaya—Imja, Lower Barun, and Thulagi...
The over 2200 lakes of Mongolia are generally poorly studied, particularly the glacial lakes. This overview study presents a classification of the glacial lakes based on tectonic-geological and geomorphological dynamics. Selected representative lakes...
The aim of this paper is to create a glacial lake inventory for the Cordillera Huayhuash in Peru and to evaluate the susceptibility of lakes to the generation of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Using high-resolution satellite images, we underto...
The Sikkim Himalayan glaciers and glacial lakes are affected by climate change like other parts of the Himalayas. As a result of this climate variability in the Sikkim Himalaya, a detailed study of the Gurudongmar lake complex (GLC) evolution and out...
Debris-covered glaciers have contrasting melting mechanisms and climate response patterns if compared with debris-free glaciers and thus show a unique influence on the hydrological process. Based on high-resolution satellite images and unpiloted aeri...
The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a key hub for trade, is susceptible to glacial lake outburst floods. The distributions and types of glacial lakes in the CPEC are not well documented. In this study, cloud-free imagery acquired using...
In the literature, mainly particle-size distribution (PSD) analyses in the soil catenas, of e.g., moraine and riverine landscapes were discussed. Analysis and comparison of PSD in moraine (ML) and ice-dammed lakes (ID-LL) landscapes were not studied....
Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) events, particularly prevalent in Asia’s High Mountain regions, pose a significant threat to downstream regions. However, limited understanding of triggering mechanisms and inadequate observations pose signifi...
A surficial geology and geomorphology map of the forelands of the Sandfellsjökull and Oldufellsjökull piedmont lobes of the east Mýrdalsjökull ice cap is used to characterise the historical and modern landscape imprint in a glacial landsystems contex...
Lake-terminating glaciers have some peculiar behaviors compared to land-terminating glaciers, but in-depth observation is still limited regarding their formation, which is crucial for understanding the glacier–lake interaction. Here, the long-t...
With ongoing global warming, glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) and associated debris flows pose increasing threats to downstream communities and infrastructure. Glacial lakes differ in their triggering factors and breach mechanisms, necessitating...
Landslide dams, especially stable landslide dams, have been recognised as important contributors to regional geomorphological evolution. The eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau provides good conditions for the formation of stable landslide dams. To i...
On 4 October 2023, a glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF) occurred at South Lhonak Lake in the northwest of Sikkim, India, posing a severe threat to downstream lives and property. Given the serious consequences of GLOFs, understanding their triggering...
26 November 2019
As a “starting zone” and “amplifier” of global climate change, the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is very responsive to climate change. The global temperature rise has led directly to an acceleration of glacial melting in the pla...
An interdisciplinary field investigation of historic glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Kanchenjunga region of Nepal was conducted between April and May, 2019. Oral history and field measurements suggested that at least six major GLOFs have...
Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are high-impact hazards in mountain regions, yet many events remain poorly documented because field access is limited and lake evolution can occur on sub-weekly time scales. Here, we used high spatiotemporal resol...
One of the main glacier-related natural hazards that are common to alpine locations is the occurrence of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), which can seriously harm downstream towns and infrastructure. GLOFs have increased in frequency in the cent...
High-mountain regions such as the Ile-Alatau range of the Northern Tien Shan are highly sensitive to climatic fluctuations, where even minor variations in temperature and precipitation significantly influence glacier mass balance and hydrology. Despi...
At present, there is a lack of detailed understanding on how the factors converging on water variables from mountain areas modify the quantity and quality of their watercourses, which are features determining these areas’ hydrological contribution to...
Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a major cryosphere-related hazard in High Mountain Asia (HMA), where glacier mass loss and changing hydroclimatic conditions are reshaping glacial-lake systems and increasing the prevalence of potentially unst...
The morphometric features of 10 small (0.1–2.9 ha) and shallow (4–16 m) peatland lakes, located in basins filled with peat, were examined. The elongation of such lakes and the development coefficient of their shorelines are very low. The mean depth i...
Marine glaciers play a significant role in shaping landforms due to their erosive nature coupled with their surrounding environment. During this process, they pose a natural hazard threat to man-made infrastructure. The dynamic nature of these glacie...
We study cross-sections on the Detailed Geological Map of Poland (SMGP) to find a geologic and geomorphic pattern under river valleys in Poland. The pattern was found in 20 reaches of the largest Polish rivers (Odra, Warta, Vistula, Narew, and Bug) l...
The Himalayan belt, formed due to the Cenozoic convergence between the Eurasian and Indian craton, acts as a storehouse of large amounts of strain, resulting in large earthquakes from the Western to the Eastern Himalayas. Glaciers also occur over a m...
Glacial lakes in the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) are rapidly evolving due to accelerated glacier retreat driven by climate change. Here we present a comprehensive inventory of glacial lakes using Sentinel-1 SAR data with adaptive backscatter thresholding...
The southeastern Tibetan Plateau, where monsoonal temperate glaciers are most developed, has a huge number of glacial lakes. Based on Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) images, 192 glacial lakes with a total area of 45.73 ± 6.18 km2 in 2016...
Bioassays are rarely used in ecotoxicological studies of high-altitude lakes located above 3000 m a.s.l., as ultra-low mineralization of water poses a major obstacle to toxicity assessment in biological objects. For the first time, we conducted a 96...
A glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is a typical glacier-related hazard in high mountain regions. In recent decades, glacial lakes in the Himalayas have expanded rapidly due to climate warming and glacial retreat. Some of these lakes are unstable, a...
Glacier velocity is one of the critical parameters for understanding the current health status of a glacier. According to the momentum law, mass is inversely proportional to velocity. A higher velocity may indicate a lower mass. Fifteen transboundary...
Glacial lakes are a sensitive indicator of regional climate change and one of the initiators of glacier disasters. It is of great significance to understand the spatial distribution and change characteristics of glacial lakes for exploring their resp...
Mountain glaciers are sensitive indicators of climate variability, and their retreat since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) has strongly reshaped alpine environments worldwide. In the Greater Caucasus, glacier shrinkage has accelerated over the pa...
Glacial-lake outburst floods (GLOFs) threaten more than three million residents of south-east Kazakhstan, yet quantitative data on lake growth and storage are scarce. We inventoried 154 lakes on the northern flank of the Ile-Alatau and selected four...