1,184 Results Found

During the early stages of the pandemic, computed tomography (CT) of the chest, along with serological and clinical data, was frequently utilized in diagnosing COVID-19, particularly in regions facing challenges such as shortages of PCR kits. In thes...

Background: Managing osteochondral cartilage defects (OCDs) of the talus is a common daily challenge in orthopaedics as they predispose patients to further cartilage damage and progression to osteoarthritis. Therefore, the implementation of a reliabl...

Tumor segmentation is one of the key steps in imaging processing. The goals of this study were to assess the inter-observer variability in manual segmentation of neuroblastic tumors and to analyze whether the state-of-the-art deep learning architectu...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of including somatostatin receptor agonist (SSTR) PET imaging in meningioma radiotherapy planning by means of changes in inter-observer variability (IOV). Further, the possibility of using threshol...

The NIMO TEMPO (Lambda-X, Nivelles, Belgium) is a novel, user-friendly and compact device designed for in vitro optical analysis of refractive and diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs). This device analyzes the IOL wavefront and generates a synthetic...

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a non-invasive imaging technique which allows qualitative and quantitative assessment of tissue perfusion. Although CEUS offers numerous advantages, a major challenge remains the variability in tissue perfusion...

Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rapid, life-threatening adverse drug reaction, with the widely used 4T score being the critical clinical tool guiding the need for serological confirmation. This study aimed to validate the diag...

Health management in captive animals is difficult for various unknown reasons presumably related to physiological functions, disease, and diet. Generally, abnormal conditions are diagnosed based on body weight; however, zoos lack appropriate scales f...

The study evaluated the intra- and inter-observer measurement variability of an osteophytosis metacarpophalangeal joint scoring system. Ten (n = 10) dorso/palmar, latero/medial, and oblique views of equine metacarpophalangeal joints affected by osteo...

Background: Visual estimation (VE) of coronary stenoses is the first step during invasive coronary angiography. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of VE together with invasive functional assessment (IFA) in defining the functional sig...

Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in Europe, and accurate lymph node staging in rectal cancer patients is essential for the selection of their treatment. MRI lymph node staging is complex, and few studies have been published regardin...

Cine-MRI for adhesion detection is a promising novel modality that can help the large group of patients developing pain after abdominal surgery. Few studies into its diagnostic accuracy are available, and none address observer variability. This retro...

Accurate measurement of testicular volume (TV) in boys is an important tool in clinical practice, e.g., in varicocele treatment. This study aims to assess the degree of intra- and interobserver variability of testicular volume measurements. In a pros...

Shear wave elastography (SWE) has been demonstrated to be a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of ectopic thymus tissues (ETs), providing quantitative values of the shear wave stiffness (SWS) of both ETs and adjacent thyroid tissue. However, n...

Ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) has a reported potential to differentiate between aganglionic and ganglionic bowel wall, referred to as histoanatomical differences. A good correlation between histoanatomy and UHFUS of the bowel wall has been...

Background/Objectives: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are emerging as a crucial prognostic biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, their clinical utility remains constrained by the subjectivity and interobserver variability...

Manual computed tomographic (CT) hepatic volumetry is a non-invasive method for assessing liver volume. However, it is time-consuming with large numbers of slices. Reducing the slice number would expedite the process, but the effect of fewer slices o...

Background: This study aimed to assess the interobserver variability of semi-automatic diameter and volumetric measurements versus manual diameter measurements for small lung nodules identified on computed tomography scans. Methods: The radiological...

Background: Orientation discrimination tasks provide a core measure of visual sensitivity and are widely used to study how perceptual performance varies with stimulus uncertainty and visual field location. Here, we examined how external noise, retina...

This study tackles interobserver variability with respect to specialty training in manual segmentation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Four readers included for segmentation are: a data scientist (BY), a medical student (LS), a radiology train...

Integrating spatial transcriptomic data with immunofluorescence image data is challenging using existing tools due to their differences in spatial resolution. Immunofluorescence provides information about protein expression at the cellular or subcell...

The prognostic significance of tumor budding in colon cancer is unequivocally documented, and the recommendations of the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) are currently the accepted basis for its assessment. Up to now, it is un...

This research addresses the problem of interobserver variability (IOV), in which different oncologists manually delineate varying primary gross tumor volume (pGTV) contours, adding risk to targeted radiation treatments. Thus, a method of IOV reductio...

Background/Objectives: This study investigates whether a patient’s clinical status influences the evaluation of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) radiographs. Methods: The study involved analysing SIJ radiographs of patients diagnosed with spondyloarthrit...

Hyperfluorescence (HF) and reduced autofluorescence (RA) are important biomarkers in fundus autofluorescence images (FAF) for the assessment of health of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), an important indicator of disease progression in geographi...

Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) provides non-invasive quantitative assessments of plaque burden and composition. The quantitative assessment of plaque components requires the use of analysis software that provides reproduc...

This study deals with the evaluation of inter-observer reliability (IOR) among three raters in the case of dichotomous and trichotomous individual animal-based welfare indicators. The performance of the most documented agreement indices proposed in t...

The pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis, Morton, 1849) is classified as Endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Compared to other large, threatened mammals, this species remains relatively understudied and...

Hippocampal-sparing brain radiotherapy (HS-BRT) in cancer patients results in preservation of neurocognitive function after brain RT which can contribute to patients’ quality of life (QoL). The crucial element in HS-BRT treatment planning is ap...

In general, magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has shown potential in clinical settings. In testicles parenchyma, the DW imaging helps differentiate and characterize benign from malignant lesions. Placement and size of the regio...

Background: Despite the availability of contouring guidelines and advanced imaging modalities, interobserver variability (IOV) in the delineation of the planning target volume and organs at risk remains a critical factor influencing treatment quality...

Patients with advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) benefit from treatment with atezolizumab, provided that the tumor contains ≥1% of PD-L1/SP142-positive immune cells. Numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) vary strongly according...

Background: The total marrow and lymph node irradiation (TMLI) target includes the bones, spleen, and lymph node chains, with the latter being the most challenging structures to contour. We evaluated the impact of introducing internal contour guideli...

Histological diagnosis of Canine Mammary Tumours (CMTs) provides the basis for proper treatment and follow-up. Nowadays, its accuracy is poorly understood and variable interpretation of histological criteria leads to a lack of standardisation and imp...

Positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could improve accuracy in target volume determination for gastrointestinal cancers. A systematic search of the PubMed database was performed, focusing...

Background/Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate interobserver variability in the determination of the primary tumor for radiotherapy treatment planning in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Sixteen patients with locally a...

Background: Endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) is an important tool when evaluating complex rectal adenomas and rectal cancer, and the accuracy is improved by adding elastography measurements. A high interobserver agreement is imperative in clinical practi...

(1) Background: A new radioactive positron emission tomography (PET) tracer uses inhibitors of fibroblast activation protein (FAPI) to visualize FAP-expressing cancer associated fibroblasts. Significant FAPI-uptake has recently been demonstrated in p...

Quantifying the mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS), and the resulting sea level rise, requires an understanding of inter-annual variability and associated causal mechanisms. Very few studies have been exploring the influence of climate ano...

Orbital fracture detection and size determination from computed tomography (CT) scans affect the decision to operate, the type of surgical implant used, and postoperative outcomes. However, the lack of standardization of radiological signs often lead...

Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) can both present with histological dysplasia. Despite the presence of WHO-defined criteria for the evaluation of epithelial dysplasia, its assessment is frequently subjective (inter-observer v...

Radiomics image analysis has the potential to uncover disease characteristics for the development of predictive signatures and personalised radiotherapy treatment. Inter-observer and inter-software delineation variabilities are known to have downstre...

Little is known about thyroid diseases in ruminants, probably due to the lack of diagnosis techniques developed in this species. However, thyroid ultrasound (TU) is widely used in human and in companion animal’s medicine. It is a cheap and non-...

This study investigates Intraobserver Features Variability (IFV) in radiomics studies and assesses the effectiveness of the ComBat harmonization method in mitigating these effects. Methods: This study utilizes data from the NSCLC-Radiomics-Interobser...

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of the identification of direct and indirect ultrasonographic features of adenomyosis as defined by the revised Morphological Uterus Sonographic A...

Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) represents a new imaging approach revealing functional tissue information without extrinsic contrast agents. Using a clinical combined ultrasound (US)/MSOT device, we investigated the interindividual robus...

Using semi-automated software simplifies quantitative analysis of the visible burden of disease on whole-body MRI diffusion-weighted images. To establish the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measures,...

To establish classifications and to obtain pre- and post-operative information on patient-specific alignments, it is necessary to measure different angular values accurately and precisely, mainly on weight-bearing, full-length anteroposterior X-rays...

Aortic aneurysms, life-threatening and often undetected until they cause sudden death, occur when the aorta dilates beyond 1.5 times its normal size. This study used ultrasound scans and micro-computed tomography to monitor and measure aortic volume...

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening using colour retinal photographs is cost-effective and time-efficient. In real-world clinical settings, DR severity is frequently graded by individuals of different expertise levels. We aim to determine...