Early diagnosis of medical conditions in infants is crucial for ensuring timely and effective treatment. However, infants are unable to verbalize their symptoms, making it difficult for healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose their conditions...
Infant features are physical traits that are characteristic of human infants and include facial features such as large and low-lying eyes, and a small nose and mouth. Animals possessing high levels of infant features elicit care-giving responses in h...
11 January 2023
Low Birth weight (LBW) infants pose a serious public health concern worldwide in both the short and long term for infants and their mothers. Infant weight prediction prior to birth can help to identify risk factors and reduce the risk of infant morbi...
Neurodevelopment is a highly intricate process, and early detection of abnormalities is critical for optimizing outcomes through timely intervention. Accurate and cost-effective diagnostic methods for neurological disorders, particularly in infants,...
Tubulinopathies are associated with malformations of cortical development but not Walker–Warburg Syndrome. Intensive monitoring of a Croatian infant presenting as Walker–Warburg Syndrome in utero began at 21 weeks due to increased growth...
Mothers’ own milk is the best source of nutrition for nearly all infants. Beyond somatic growth, breast milk as a biologic fluid has a variety of other benefits, including modulation of postnatal intestinal function, immune ontogeny, and brain develo...
Observation of neuromotor development at an early stage of an infant’s life allows for early diagnosis of deficits and the beginning of the therapeutic process. General movement assessment is a method of spontaneous movement observation, which...
An important hurdle in medical diagnostics is the high-quality and interpretable classification of audio signals. In this study, we present an image-based representation of infant crying audio files to predict abnormal infant cries using a vision tra...
Several factors may influence cats’ length of stay (LoS) within the shelter environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential influence that baby schema (characteristic facial features of infants, related to perceived ‘c...
Introduction: Advanced identification and intervention for Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs) in pediatric populations are crucial, as approximately 1% of neonates worldwide present with these conditions. Traditional methods of diagnosing CHDs often rel...
Infants’ visual processing of emotion undergoes significant development across the first year of life, yet our knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying these advances is limited. Additionally, infant emotion processing is commonly examined...
30 June 2017
Background: The occurrence of a distinctive perineal eruption that appears early in infants with Kawasaki disease (KD), the most relevant type of febrile vasculitis of childhood, has received little attention in pediatric reports. KD diagnosis is bas...
Deaths from herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) are rare. A major exception is perinatally acquired HSV-1 or HSV-2 infection where the neonatal death rate is substantial. Fatal HSV infection also occurs occasio...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder with a life-span disability. While diagnostic instruments have been developed and qualified based on the accuracy of the discrimination of children with ASD from typical development (TD) chil...
We introduce a novel system for automatic assessment of newborn and preterm infant behavior—including activity levels, behavioral states, and sleep–wake cycles—in clinical settings for streamlining care and minimizing healthcare pro...
Neonatal mortality remains a critical global challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings with restricted access to advanced diagnostic tools. Early detection of life-threatening conditions like Sepsis and Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS),...
An algorithm providing information on the key geometric features of an aorta extracted from multi-slice computed tomography images is proposed. Using the numerical method, the aorta’s geometric characteristics, such as vessel cross-sectional ar...
Infants are a unique pediatric group due to their high hospitalization rates and unfavorable outcomes from acute infectious diseases. Understanding the clinical differences and aftereffects of SARS-CoV-2 in comparison to other prevalent viruses in th...
The sick preterm infant monitoring is an intriguing job that medical staff in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) must deal with on a daily basis. As a standards monitoring procedure, preterm infants are monitored via sensors and electrodes that are...
Background: The utilization of hemodynamic parameters, whose estimation is often cumbersome, can fasten diagnostics and decision-making related to congenital heart diseases. The main goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between hemod...
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has caused a large number of cases and hospitalizations in the pediatric population. Infants due to their age are susceptible to viral infections that may have a worse prognosis. Therefore, the aim of the current stu...
Infants’ early exposure to painful procedures can have negative short and long-term effects on cognitive, neurological, and brain development. However, infants cannot express their subjective pain experience, as they do not communicate in any languag...
Cow’s milk is the most common cause of food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). The aim of this study was to examine the clinical features and treatment outcomes of infants with severe FPIES to cow’s milk. We reviewed all infants ≤12 mont...
This study develops an atlas-based automated framework for segmenting infants’ brains from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For the accurate segmentation of different structures of an infant’s brain at the isointense age (6–12 mont...
Postpartum Depression (PPD), a condition that affects up to 15% of mothers in high-income countries, reduces attention to the needs of the child and is among the first causes of infanticide. PPD is usually identified using self-report measures and th...
Objective: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic syndrome with a wide spectrum of clinical features in early life. Late diagnoses are still present. We characterized the perinatal and neonatal features of PWS, compared them with those of heal...
Automated analysis of the electroencephalographic (EEG) data for the brain monitoring of preterm infants has gained attention in the last decades. In this study, we analyze the complexity of neonatal EEG, quantified using multiscale entropy. The aim...
(1) Introduction: There is an increasing literature describing neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection (MIS-N) and infants infected with SARS-CoV-2 who presented with a severe disease (MIS-C). (2) Methods: To investigate clinical features...
Objective: The objective of this study was to early-detect gross motor abnormalities through video detection in Taiwanese infants aged 2–6 months. Background: The current diagnosis of infant developmental delays primarily relies on clinical exa...
Attractiveness is perceived based on both facial physical features and prior experience for adults. Infants also prefer attractive or familiar faces, but it is unclear whether facial physical features and prior experience affect their preference. In...
The application of metabolomics in neonatology offers an approach to investigate the complex relationship between nutrition and infant health. Characterization of the metabolome of human milk enables an investigation into nutrients that affect the ne...
The classification of sleep state in preterm infants, particularly in distinguishing between active sleep (AS) and quiet sleep (QS), has been investigated using cardiorespiratory information such as electrocardiography (ECG) and respiratory signals....
Antenatal Doppler disturbances are associated with fetal hypoxia and may induce a brain-sparing vascular redistribution at the expense of splanchnic circulation, possibly predisposing to gut complications. We aimed to compare several gastrointestinal...
23 May 2022
Recognizing why an infant cries is challenging as babies cannot communicate verbally with others to express their wishes or needs. This leads to difficulties for parents in identifying the needs and the health of their infants. This study used deep l...
This review article will address the frequently encountered functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) occurring in infancy. The clinical features and management of infant regurgitation, infant colic, infant dyschezia, and functional constipation...
Early detecting the presence of neurodevelopmental disorders plays an important role in the effectiveness of the treatment. In this paper, we present a novel tool to extract motion features using single camera video recordings of infants. The Movidea...
Objective: To test the potential utility of applying machine learning methods to regional cerebral (rcSO2) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) signals to detect brain injury in extremely preterm infants. Study design: A subset of infants enrolled...
Background: This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated how the maternal gut, breast milk, and infant gut microbiomes may contribute to the effects of a relaxation intervention, which reduced maternal stress...
The clinical features and risk factors of acute appendicitis in infants are unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the association between anthropometrics and the occurrence of infantile appendicitis. This was a retrospective study of infants (<6 years...
Symmetry has long been viewed as a feature of objects that facilitates ease of perception. Three experiments investigated 4- to 5-month-old infants’ detection and processing of vertical symmetry, oblique symmetry, and asymmetry in novel pattern...
Intracardiac thrombi in preterm infants are not common but may lead to fatal outcomes. Predisposing and risk factors include small vessel size, hemodynamic instability, immaturity of the fibrinolytic system, indwelling central catheters and sepsis. I...
Psychomotor developmental delay in infants includes failure to acquire abilities such as sitting, walking, grasping objects and communication at the ages when most infants have acquired these abilities. Known risk factors include a large number of as...
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) and Electroencephalography (EEG) are commonly employed neuroimaging methods in developmental neuroscience. Since they offer complementary strengths and their simultaneous recording is relatively easy, com...
Recent research highlights a growing interest in early interactions between fathers and their infants, acknowledging the significant influence these interactions have on developmental outcomes. However, there is a limited understanding of the specifi...
With the improvement in survival rates of low-birthweight and very premature infants, neonatal fungal infection, especially fungal pneumonia, is becoming more and more common, but the diagnosis is always challenging. Recently, lung ultrasound (LUS) h...
Fungi and the mycobiome are a fundamental part of the human microbiome that contributes to human health and development. Despite this, relatively little is known about the mycobiome of the preterm infant gut. Here, we have characterised faecal fungal...
The acoustic characteristics of cries are an exhibition of an infant’s health condition and these characteristics have been acknowledged as indicators for various pathologies. This study focused on the detection of infants suffering from sepsis...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a condition associated with SARS-CoV-2, typically results in mild infection in infants and children. However, children with risk factors such as chronic lung disease and immunosuppression have higher risk of sever...
Humming is probably more effective than speech for improving mothers’ cardiorespiratory function and infants’ self-regulation. We intend to understand the effects of (1) maternal humming vs. speech on preterm infants’ physiological...
An unintended consequence of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) is the identification of infants with a positive screening test but an inconclusive diagnostic testing. These infants are designated as CF transmembrane conductance regulator-rel...
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