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  • Article
  • Open Access
1,502 Views
21 Pages

Inherent Trade-Offs Between the Conflicting Aspects of Designing the Compact Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Anti-Interference Array

  • Xiangjun Li,
  • Xiaoyu Zhao,
  • Xiaozhou Ye,
  • Zukun Lu and ,
  • Feixue Wang and
  • Peiguo Liu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

18 May 2025

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has emerged as a critical spatiotemporal infrastructure for ensuring the integrity of remote sensing data links. However, traditional GNSS antenna arrays, typically configured with the antenna spacing of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
8,573 Views
15 Pages

12 September 2019

The performance of bathymetric measurements by traditional methods (using manned vessels) in ultra-shallow waters, i.e., lakes, rivers, and sea beaches with a depth of less than 1 m, is often difficult or, in many cases, impossible due to problems re...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing in Vessel Detection and Navigation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
145 Citations
8,732 Views
16 Pages

Initial Assessment of Precise Point Positioning with LEO Enhanced Global Navigation Satellite Systems (LeGNSS)

  • Haibo Ge,
  • Bofeng Li,
  • Maorong Ge,
  • Nan Zang and ,
  • Liangwei Nie,
  • Yunzhong Shen and
  • Harald Schuh
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

21 June 2018

The main challenge of precise point positioning (PPP) applications is the long convergence time of typically a half hour, or even more, to achieve centimeter accuracy. Even when the multi-constellation is involved and ambiguity resolution is implemen...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensing in Geology, Geomorphology and Hydrology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
8,274 Views
20 Pages

Integrated GNSS Attitude Determination and Positioning for Direct Geo-Referencing

  • Nandakumaran Nadarajah,
  • Jens-André Paffenholz and
  • Peter J. G. Teunissen

17 July 2014

Direct geo-referencing is an efficient methodology for the fast acquisition of 3D spatial data. It requires the fusion of spatial data acquisition sensors with navigation sensors, such as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. In this c...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
5,539 Views
20 Pages

6 December 2018

This paper implements and analyzes a tightly coupled single-frequency global navigation satellite system precise point positioning/inertial navigation system (GNSS PPP/INS) with insufficient satellites for land vehicle navigation using a low-cost GNS...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,626 Views
16 Pages

A New Approach of the Global Navigation Satellite System Tomography for Any Size of GNSS Network

  • Yuchen Wang,
  • Nan Ding,
  • Yu Zhang,
  • Long Li and ,
  • Xiaoyan Yang and
  • Qingzhi Zhao
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

13 February 2020

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tomography is a popular method for measuring and modelling water vapor in the troposphere. Presently, most studies use a cuboid-shaped tomographic region in their modelling, which represents the modelling reg...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue GPS/GNSS for Earth Science and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,599 Views
25 Pages

26 April 2025

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are the primary source of information for Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) in the maritime sector; however, they are vulnerable to unintentional or deliberate interference, such as jamming, spoofin...

(This article belongs to the Section Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling)
  • Review
  • Open Access
92 Citations
13,701 Views
29 Pages

Latest Advances in the Global Navigation Satellite System—Reflectometry (GNSS-R) Field

  • Nereida Rodriguez-Alvarez,
  • Joan Francesc Munoz-Martin and
  • Mary Morris

19 April 2023

The global navigation satellite system-reflectometry (GNSS-R) field has experienced an exponential growth as it is becoming relevant to many applications and has captivated the attention of an elevated number of research scholars, research centers an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of GNSS Reflectometry for Earth Observation III)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,828 Views
11 Pages

4 June 2023

Relative to single Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, i.e., the measurements from a single GNSS system, a single GNSS code, and a single GNSS receiver, multi-GNSS measurements for time transfer could improve reliability and provi...

(This article belongs to the Section Navigation and Positioning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,545 Views
20 Pages

31 August 2025

This study presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of hybrid global navigation satellite system (GNSS) configurations in urban canyon environments across South Korea, focusing on the integration of Global Positioning System (GPS) with the Bei...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,714 Views
21 Pages

7 December 2021

With the realization of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) completion, GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) has become increasingly popular due to the advantages of global coverage and the availability of multiple sources in terms of earth remote sensi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BDS/GNSS for Earth Observation)
  • Review
  • Open Access
150 Citations
20,074 Views
45 Pages

A Review of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-Based Dynamic Monitoring Technologies for Structural Health Monitoring

  • Nan Shen,
  • Liang Chen,
  • Jingbin Liu,
  • Lei Wang and ,
  • Tingye Tao,
  • Dewen Wu and
  • Ruizhi Chen
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

26 April 2019

In the past few decades, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) technology has been widely used in structural health monitoring (SHM), and the monitoring mode has evolved from long-term deformation monitoring to dynamic monitoring. This paper give...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Concurrent Positioning, Mapping and Perception of Multi-source Data Fusion for Smart Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,424 Views
31 Pages

Centralized Measurement Level Fusion of GNSS and Inertial Sensors for Robust Positioning and Navigation

  • Mohamed F. Elkhalea,
  • Hossam Hendy,
  • Ahmed Kamel,
  • Ashraf Abosekeen and
  • Aboelmagd Noureldin

29 April 2025

In the current era, which is characterized by increasing demand for high-precision location and navigation capabilities, various industries, including those involved in intelligent vehicle systems, logistics, augmented reality, and more, heavily rely...

(This article belongs to the Section Navigation and Positioning)
  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,046 Views
12 Pages

An Assessment of CyGNSS v3.0 Level 1 Observables over the Ocean

  • Matthew Lee Hammond,
  • Giuseppe Foti,
  • Christine Gommenginger and
  • Meric Srokosz

3 September 2021

Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is a rapidly developing Earth observation technology that makes use of signals of opportunity from Global Navigation Satellite Systems that have been reflected off the Earth’s surface. The Cyc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing of Ocean Surface Winds)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
6,638 Views
15 Pages

Improving the Performance of Multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Ambiguity Fixing for Airborne Kinematic Positioning over Antarctica

  • Min Li,
  • Tianhe Xu,
  • Frank Flechtner,
  • Christoph Förste and ,
  • Biao Lu and
  • Kaifei He
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

25 April 2019

Conventional relative kinematic positioning is difficult to be applied in the polar region of Earth since there is a very sparse distribution of reference stations, while precise point positioning (PPP), using data of a stand-alone receiver, is recog...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Navigation Satellite Systems for Earth Observing System)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,024 Views
11 Pages

With the booming development of low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, improving the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) performance based on LEO satellites is attracting more and more research attention. To shorten the convergence tim...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of European Navigation Conference 2024)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,179 Views
27 Pages

A TCN-BiLSTM and ANR-IEKF Hybrid Framework for Sustained Vehicle Positioning During GNSS Outages

  • Senhao Niu,
  • Jie Li,
  • Chenjun Hu,
  • Junlong Li and ,
  • Debiao Zhang and
  • Kaiqiang Feng
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

25 December 2025

The performance of integrated Global Navigation Satellite System and Inertial Navigation System (GNSS/INS) navigation often declines in complex urban environments due to frequent GNSS signal blockages. This poses a significant challenge for autonomou...

(This article belongs to the Section Navigation and Positioning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,586 Views
29 Pages

This study proposes an enhanced integration framework for the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and inertial navigation system (INS). The framework combines real-time differential GNSS corrections with an adaptive extended Kalman filter (EKF)...

(This article belongs to the Section Systems & Control Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
7,635 Views
16 Pages

Signal-to-Noise Ratio Analyses of Spaceborne GNSS-Reflectometry from Galileo and BeiDou Satellites

  • Yang Nan,
  • Shirong Ye,
  • Jingnan Liu,
  • Bofeng Guo and ,
  • Shuangcheng Zhang and
  • Weiqiang Li
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

22 December 2021

In recent years, Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technology has made considerable progress with the increasing of GNSS-R satellites in orbit, the improvements of GNSS-R data processing technology, and the expansion of its ge...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of GNSS Reflectometry for Earth Observation II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
7,777 Views
21 Pages

Ionospheric Error Models for Satellite-Based Navigation—Paving the Road towards LEO-PNT Solutions

  • Majed Imad,
  • Antoine Grenier,
  • Xiaolong Zhang,
  • Jari Nurmi and
  • Elena Simona Lohan

22 December 2023

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations have recently gained tremendous attention in the navigational field due to their larger constellation size, faster geometry variations, and higher signal power levels than Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,423 Views
24 Pages

First In-Orbit Validation of Interferometric GNSS-R Altimetry: Mission Overview and Initial Results

  • Yixuan Sun,
  • Yueqiang Sun,
  • Junming Xia,
  • Lingyong Huang and ,
  • Qifei Du,
  • Weihua Bai,
  • Xianyi Wang,
  • Dongwei Wang,
  • Yuerong Cai and
  • Rui Liu
  • + 12 authors+ 7 authors

23 May 2025

Sea surface height (SSH) serves as a fundamental geophysical parameter in oceanographic research. In 2023, China successfully launched the world’s first spaceborne interferometric GNSS-R (iGNSS-R) altimeter, which features dual-frequency multi-...

(This article belongs to the Section Satellite Missions for Earth and Planetary Exploration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
7,140 Views
13 Pages

22 August 2016

Code multipath is an unmanaged error source in precise global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observation processing that limits GNSS positioning accuracy. A new technique for mitigating multipath by installing a wave-absorbing shield is presented...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Citations
10,094 Views
15 Pages

Smart Device-Supported BDS/GNSS Real-Time Kinematic Positioning for Sub-Meter-Level Accuracy in Urban Location-Based Services

  • Liang Wang,
  • Zishen Li,
  • Jiaojiao Zhao,
  • Kai Zhou and ,
  • Zhiyu Wang and
  • Hong Yuan
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

21 December 2016

Using mobile smart devices to provide urban location-based services (LBS) with sub-meter-level accuracy (around 0.5 m) is a major application field for future global navigation satellite system (GNSS) development. Real-time kinematic (RTK) positionin...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,776 Views
18 Pages

21 April 2022

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) differential code bias (DCB) is one of main errors in ionospheric modeling and applications. Accurate estimation of multiple types of GNSS DCBs is important for GNSS positioning, navigation, and timing, as we...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BDS/GNSS for Earth Observation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,387 Views
22 Pages

Testing of Software for the Planning of a Linear Object GNSS Measurement Campaign under Simulated Conditions

  • Sławomir Figiel,
  • Cezary Specht,
  • Marek Moszyński,
  • Andrzej Stateczny and
  • Mariusz Specht

25 November 2021

The precision of a linear object measurement using satellite techniques is determined by the number and the relative position of the visible satellites by the receiver. The status of the visible constellation is described by the Dilution Of Precision...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,659 Views
20 Pages

6 May 2024

This paper proposes an improved initial alignment method for a strap-down inertial navigation system/global navigation satellite system (SINS/GNSS) integrated navigation system with large misalignment angles. Its methodology is based on the three-dim...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue GNSS Signals and Precise Point Positioning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,941 Views
23 Pages

A Novel Approach to Evaluate GNSS-RO Signal Receiver Performance in Terms of Ground-Based Atmospheric Occultation Simulation System

  • Wei Li,
  • Yueqiang Sun,
  • Weihua Bai,
  • Qifei Du and ,
  • Xianyi Wang,
  • Dongwei Wang,
  • Congliang Liu,
  • Fu Li,
  • Shengyu Kang and
  • Hongqing Song
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

25 December 2023

The global navigation satellite system radio occultation (GNSS-RO) is an important means of space-based meteorological observation. It is necessary to test the Global Navigation Satellite System Occultation signal receiver on the ground before the de...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BDS/GNSS for Earth Observation: Part II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,775 Views
26 Pages

Road Tests of the Positioning Accuracy of INS/GNSS Systems Based on MEMS Technology for Navigating Railway Vehicles

  • Mariusz Specht,
  • Cezary Specht,
  • Paweł Dąbrowski,
  • Krzysztof Czaplewski and ,
  • Leszek Smolarek and
  • Oktawia Lewicka
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

29 August 2020

Thanks to the support of Inertial Navigation Systems (INS), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide a navigation positioning solution that, in the absence of satellite signals (in tunnels, forest and urban areas), allows the continuous pos...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positioning Algorithm, System and Application Using Radio Frequency (RF))
  • Article
  • Open Access
458 Views
23 Pages

Spaceborne GNSS-R Soil Moisture Retrieval over Expansive Soils Using an Attention-Enhanced Spatio-Temporal Graph Convolution Network

  • Qi Liu,
  • Yupeng Wang,
  • Shuangcheng Zhang,
  • Xiongchuan Chen and ,
  • Xin Zhou and
  • Zhongmin Ma
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

18 August 2026

Expansive soils are rich in hydrophilic clay minerals, and repeated wetting–drying cycles can induce deformation that threatens infrastructure safety. Therefore, accurate monitoring of soil moisture (SM) dynamics is essential for understanding...

  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
6,552 Views
17 Pages

5 February 2021

With the development of spaceborne global navigation satellite system-reflectometry (GNSS-R), it can be used for terrestrial applications as a promising remote sensing tool, such as soil moisture (SM) retrieval. The reflected L-band GNSS signal from...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue GNSS-R Earth Remote Sensing from SmallSats)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,722 Views
20 Pages

A high-precision navigation system is required for an unmanned vehicle, and the high-precision sensor is expensive. A low-cost, high-precision, dual-antenna Global Navigation Satellite System/Micro-electromechanical Systems-Inertial Navigation System...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS for Aerospace Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
5,369 Views
16 Pages

21 January 2020

Mean sea surface height (MSSH) is an important parameter, which plays an important role in the analysis of the geoid gap and the prediction of ocean dynamics. Traditional measurement methods, such as the buoy and ship survey, have a small cover area,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Research with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS))
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,068 Views
17 Pages

Study on the Positioning Accuracy of the GNSS/INS System Supported by the RTK Receiver for Railway Measurements

  • Mariusz Specht,
  • Cezary Specht,
  • Andrzej Stateczny,
  • Paweł Burdziakowski and ,
  • Paweł Dąbrowski and
  • Oktawia Lewicka
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

2 June 2022

Currently, the primary method for determining the object coordinates is positioning using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) supported by Inertial Navigation Systems (INS). The main goal of this solution is to ensure high positioning availabi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in New Energy Vehicle)
  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
9,058 Views
19 Pages

29 June 2016

The integration of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Inertial Navigation System (INS) based on Real-time Kinematic (RTK) and Single Point Positioning (SPP) technology have been applied as a powerful approach in kinematic positioning and att...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Sensor and Multi-Data Integration in Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,045 Views
23 Pages

LEO-Enhanced GNSS/INS Tightly Coupled Integration Based on Factor Graph Optimization in the Urban Environment

  • Shixuan Zhang,
  • Rui Tu,
  • Zhouzheng Gao,
  • Decai Zou and ,
  • Siyao Wang and
  • Xiaochun Lu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

17 May 2024

Precision point positioning (PPP) utilizing the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a traditional and widely employed technology. Its performance is susceptible to observation discontinuities and unfavorable geometric configurations. Consequ...

(This article belongs to the Section Satellite Missions for Earth and Planetary Exploration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
7,982 Views
21 Pages

HDOP and VDOP Analysis in an Ideal Placement Environment for Dual GNSSs

  • JinHyeok Jang,
  • Dana Park,
  • Sangkyung Sung and
  • Young Jae Lee

3 May 2022

Increasing the number of satellites in a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) improves the positioning accuracy and increases availability. However, it reduces the positioning accuracy improvement rate and increases the calculation loads, which...

(This article belongs to the Section Navigation and Positioning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,577 Views
14 Pages

An Enhanced, Real-Time, Low-Cost GNSS/INS Integrated Navigation Algorithm and Its Platform Design

  • Pengcheng Wang,
  • Yuting Gao,
  • Qingzhi Zhao,
  • Yalong Wang and ,
  • Feng Zhou and
  • Dengxiong Zhang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

27 March 2025

The integration of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and the inertial navigation system (INS) is a well-established method for achieving accurate positioning, especially in applications involving unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs are...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue INS/GNSS Integrated Navigation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,756 Views
20 Pages

Modeling and Quantitative Analysis of GNSS/INS Deep Integration Tracking Loops in High Dynamics

  • Yalong Ban,
  • Xiaoji Niu,
  • Tisheng Zhang,
  • Quan Zhang and
  • Jingnan Liu

8 September 2017

To meet the requirements of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) precision applications in high dynamics, this paper describes a study on the carrier phase tracking technology of the GNSS/inertial navigation system (INS) deep integration system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,110 Views
15 Pages

An Improved Genetic Method for Satellite Selection in Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System Positioning for Mobile Robots

  • Xiang Li,
  • Shidong Qiu,
  • Jinmao Jiang,
  • Jun Qi and ,
  • Jie Huang and
  • Yunlong Teng
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Mobile robots have been widely engaged in many fields. To obtain the precise and consistent localization of mobile robots, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is often employed. With the continuous development and modernization of GNSS, mor...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Mobile Robotic Systems: Decision, Planning and Control)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,910 Views
22 Pages

GNSS (global navigation satellite system) and SINS (strap-down inertial navigation system) integrated navigation systems have been the apparatus for providing reliable and stable position and velocity information (PV). Commonly, there are two solutio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Autonomous Navigation Systems for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,191 Views
21 Pages

LEO Constellation-Augmented Multi-GNSS for 3D Water Vapor Tomography

  • Si Xiong,
  • Fujian Ma,
  • Xiaodong Ren,
  • Jun Chen and
  • Xiaohong Zhang

4 August 2021

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) water vapor tomography is an important technique to obtain the three-dimensional distribution of atmospheric water vapor. The rapid development of low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations has led to a richer set...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
634 Views
8 Pages

A Model for Data–Pilot Biases in Presence of Satellite and Receiver Imperfections

  • Christoph Enneking,
  • Steffen Thölert,
  • Peter Steigenberger and
  • Oliver Montenbruck

22 December 2025

The data and pilot channel of the Global Positioning System (GPS) L5 signal and other modernized signals of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are subject to an intra-signal bias. This tracking-mode-dependent bias causes problems for the h...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of European Navigation Conference 2024)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,307 Views
23 Pages

21 July 2020

We present analyses of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase observations in multiple kinematic scenarios for different receiver types. Multi-GNSS observations are recorded on high sensitivity and geodetic-grade receivers operating...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in GNSS-based High Precision Positioning Technology: Part I)
  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
10,229 Views
34 Pages

In recent years, global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based navigation in high earth orbits (HEOs) has become a field of research interest since it can increase the spacecraft’s autonomy, thereby reducing the operating costs. However, the GNSS a...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,357 Views
40 Pages

Single-Axis Rotational Inertial Navigation Systems for USVs: A Review of Key Technologies

  • Enqing Su,
  • Junwei Wang,
  • Weijie Sheng,
  • Yi Mou and ,
  • Teng Li and
  • Jianguo Liu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

30 April 2026

In complex marine environments, achieving low-cost, highly reliable, and continuous navigation is crucial for the intelligent and autonomous operation of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). Currently, the integrated Global Navigation Satellite System a...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Engineering and Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,297 Views
11 Pages

14 May 2022

Using the navigation signal transmitted by GNSS (global navigation satellite system), satellites for tide level monitoring comprise one of the important research fields of GNSS marine remote sensing. Regarding the problem that GNSS-MR (multipath refl...

(This article belongs to the Topic Multi-Sensor Integrated Navigation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,159 Views
18 Pages

10 April 2024

One of the main methods of the path localization of moving objects is positioning using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) in cooperation with Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs). Its basic task is to provide high availability, in particular...

(This article belongs to the Section Navigation and Positioning)
  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,525 Views
15 Pages

6 March 2024

In this study, a new vegetation observable derived from spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) was developed. Firstly, a linear relationship between the Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) reflectivity an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beidou/GNSS Positioning, Navigation and Timing: Methods and Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,436 Views
29 Pages

Maximum Mixture Correntropy Criterion-Based Variational Bayesian Adaptive Kalman Filter for INS/UWB/GNSS-RTK Integrated Positioning

  • Sen Wang,
  • Peipei Dai,
  • Tianhe Xu,
  • Wenfeng Nie and ,
  • Yangzi Cong,
  • Jianping Xing and
  • Fan Gao
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

8 January 2025

The safe operation of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) demands fundamental and essential requirements for continuous and reliable positioning performance. Traditional coupled navigation systems, combining the global navigation satellite system (GNSS)...

(This article belongs to the Topic Multi-Sensor Integrated Navigation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
90 Citations
9,630 Views
18 Pages

24 April 2018

Location information is one of the most vital information required to achieve intelligent and context-aware capability for various applications such as driverless cars. However, related security and privacy threats are a major holdback. With increasi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue GNSS and Fusion with Other Sensors)

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