Gas explosion is the most hazardous incident occurring in underground airways. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques are sophisticated in simulating explosions in confined spaces; specifically, when testing large-scale gaseous explosions, suc...
The study here presents data from the literature regarding the characteristic parameters of explosion propagation in gaseous ethane–air mixtures. The maximum explosion pressures, maximum explosion times, maximum rates of pressure increase, and...
Forensic detection of non-volatile nitro explosives poses a difficult analytical challenge. A colorimetric sensor comprising of ultrasonically prepared silica-dye microspheres was developed for the sensitive gas detection of cyclohexanone, a volatile...
At present, studying the parameters of shock waves at pressures up to 20 GPa entails a number of practical difficulties. In order to describe the propagation of shock waves, their initial parameters on the wall of the explosion cavity need to be know...
One of the unconventional, innovative ways of using biomass is using it as a component of high-energy material. According to conceptual assumptions, biomass can act as an energy carrier in modified high-energy materials-explosives (EX). Modification...
Lithium-based batteries have the potential to undergo thermal runaway (TR), during which mixtures of gases are released. The purpose of this study was to assess the explosibility of the gaseous emission from LIBs of an NMC-based cathode during therma...
Methane is one of the most common gaseous fuels that also exist in nature as the main part of the natural gas, the flammable part of biogas or as part of the reaction products from biomass pyrolysis. In this respect, the biogas and biomass installati...
Failure of a pipeline carrying gaseous hydrogen can have several effects, some of which can pose a significant threat of harm to people and damage to buildings in its immediate proximity. This paper presents a probabilistic risk assessment procedure...
We developed and analyzed a novel non-sparking material based on CuAlBe for applications in potentially explosive environments. Using a master alloy of CuBe, an established material for anti-sparking tools used in oil fields, mines, or areas with pot...
The detection of gases and volatile compounds remains a significant analytical challenge, particularly in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. Many situations require rapid, sensitive, and yet easy-to-operate methods for detecting gaseous hydrogen p...
Notwithstanding the enforcement of ATEX EU Directives (94/9/EC of 23 March 1994) and safety management system application, explosions in the coal sector still claim lives and cause huge economic losses. Even a consolidated activity like coke dry dist...
Aerobic, hydrogen oxidizing bacteria are capable of efficient, non-phototrophic CO2 assimilation, using H2 as a reducing agent. The presence of explosive gas mixtures requires strict safety measures for bioreactor and process design. Here, we report...
Environmental safety has become increasingly important with respect to hydrogen use in society. Monitoring techniques for explosive gaseous hydrogen are essential to ensure safety in sustainable hydrogen utilization. Here, we reveal molecular hydroge...
With the rapid development of hydrogen vehicle technology and large scale fuel cell vehicle (FCV) demonstration project worldwide, more hydrogen refueling stations need to be built. Safety distances of hydrogen refueling stations have always been a p...
3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thiones are among the best studied classes of polysulfur-containing heterocycles due to the almost explosive recent interest in these compounds as sources of hydrogen sulfide as an endogenously produced gaseous signaling molecule. T...
Safety issues arising from a hydrogen explosion accident in Korea are discussed herein. In order to increase the safety of hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), the Korea Gas Safety Corporation (KGS) decided to install a damage-mitigation wall, also re...
A recent predictive scenario of premixed flame propagation in unobstructed passages is extended to account for obstructions that can be encountered in facilities dealing with explosive materials such as in coalmines. Specifically, the theory of globa...
Buried explosive material, e.g., landmines, represent a severe issue for human safety all over the world. Most explosives consist of environmentally hazardous chemicals like 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), carcinogenic 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) and r...
Gas distribution modelling can provide potentially life-saving information when assessing the hazards of gaseous emissions and for localization of explosives, toxic or flammable chemicals. In this work, we deployed a three-dimensional (3D) grid of me...
This article is a focused review aimed to describe the potential of the computer-controlled detonation spraying (CCDS) for producing and designing coatings with variable chemical and phase compositions and microstructure and promising properties. The...
A methodology is proposed to extend datasets in a database suitable for use as a reference tool to support an evaluation of damage mitigation by a barrier wall in a hydrogen refueling station (HRS) during a vapor cloud explosion (VCE) accident. This...
To strike a better balance between gas quality and production cost of biomass-based syngas, a process for high-safety and cost-effective syngas production is designed and studied, which takes advantage of biomass O2-enriched air gasification with 40&...
In this study, 19 experiments were conducted with 25 pouch cells of NMC cathode to investigate thermal runaway and the release of gases from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Single cells, double cells, and a four-cell battery stack were forced to underg...
With a focus on the Cu isotope geochemistry of chalcopyrite, this paper analyzed the Cu isotope geochemistry of the Qibaoshan crypto-explosive breccia-type Cu–Au polymetallic ore district in Wulian, Shandong Province, North China Craton (NCC)....
Problem statement: The initiation of a detonation in an explosive gaseous mixture in the high activation energy regime, in three space dimensions, typically leads to the formation of a singularity at one point, the “hot spot”. It would be...
Boron and its alloys have been explored a lot and it is expected that they can replace pure aluminum powder in the energetic formulation of active materials. MgB2 compounds were prepared and characterized by a combination of mechanical alloying and h...
By adding water to fuels, several objectives are pursued, with the main ones being to stabilize combustion, minimize the anthropogenic gaseous emissions, homogenize and stabilize the fuel, as well as improve its fire and explosion safety. Water can b...
Nanothermites as high-energy-density and high-reaction-rate materials have important applications in civil and military fields. Nevertheless, it is difficult to detect all intermediates and products using conventional experimental methods. In this wo...
To prevent climate change, Europe and the world must shift to low-carbon and renewable energies. Hydrogen, as an energy vector, provides viable solutions for replacing polluting and carbon-emitting fossil fuels. Gaseous hydrogen can be stored undergr...
Gaseous pollutants such as hydrogen gas (H2) are emitted in daily human activities. They have been massively studied owing to their high explosivity and widespread usage in many domains. The current research is designed to analyse optical fiber-based...
The earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011 led to a meltdown followed by a hydrogen explosion at the Fukushima–Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan, causing the dispersal of abundant radionuclides into the atmosphere and ocean. The radionuclid...
The flammable propane–air mixtures raise specific safety and environmental issues in the industry, storage, handling and transportation; therefore dilution of such mixtures has gained significant importance from the viewpoint of fire safety, but also...
The maritime industry is recognized as a major pollution source to the environment. The use of low- or zero-carbon marine alternative fuel is a promising measure to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and toxic pollutants, leading to net-zero carbon...
In order to explore the mechanism of haze formation, the meteorological effect and chemical reaction process of the explosive growth (EG) of PM2.5 were studied. In this study, the level of PM2.5, water-soluble inorganic ions, carbonaceous aerosols, g...
Fundamental properties of multiply charged molecular ions, such as energetics, structure, stability, lifetime and fragmentation dynamics, are relevant to understand and model the behavior of gaseous plasmas as well as ionosphere and astrophysical env...
Gas fermentation is an upcoming technology to convert gaseous substrates into value-added products using autotrophic microorganisms. The hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria Cupriavidus necator efficiently uses CO2 as its sole carbon source, H2 as electron do...
The process of anthracite and its semi-coke combustion in the presence of 5 wt.% (in terms of dry salt) additives of copper salts Cu(NO3)2 and Cu(CH3COO)2 was studied. The activating additives were introduced by an incipient wetness procedure. The ig...
Since copper azide (Cu(N3)2) has high electrostatic sensitivity and is difficult to be practically applied, silicon-based Cu(N3)2@carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite energetic films with higher electrostatic safety were fabricated, which can be compati...
The rapid development of electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and wearable electronic devices has led to great interest in research related to the synthesis of graphene with a high specific surface area for energy applications. However, the p...
To realize a hydrogen economy, many studies are being conducted regarding the development and analysis of hydrogen carriers. Recently, formic acid has been receiving attention as a potential hydrogen carrier due to its high volumetric energy density...
The accurate characterisation of pressure loads imposed on structural members following the detonation of a high explosive is critical to our ability to design protective systems. This poses serious challenges for experimentalists, due to the high ma...
A compressible medium represented by pure water saturated by small nonreactive or reactive gas bubbles can be used for generating a propulsive force in large-, medium-, and small-scale thrusters referred to as a pulsed detonation hydroramjet (PDH), w...
Layered ternary materials with high nickel content are regarded as the most promising cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries, owing to their advantages of high capacity, low cost, and relatively good safety. However, as the n...