647 Results Found

We employed a global high-resolution inverse model to estimate sectoral methane emissions, integrating observations from the GOSAT-2 satellite for the first time, along with observations from the surface observation network. A similar set of inversio...

This study employs an ensemble Kalman filter assimilation method to validate and update the pollutant emission inventory to mitigate the impact of uncertainties on the forecasting performance of air quality numerical models. Based on nationwide groun...

After stabilizing in the mid-2000s, atmospheric methane (CH4) levels have accelerated over the past decade. In response, satellite-based inversion techniques have been employed to meet the increasing demands of the climate community. In this study, t...

Important processes within the shipbuilding and ship repair industry include metal cutting, welding, surface preparation, and painting. When dealing with ship repair, ships are brought into drydocks to carry out necessary repairs. Typical repairs inc...

Forecasting volcanic ash transport is crucial for aviation, but its accuracy is subject to both the prevailing wind fields and the knowledge of the source term of the eruption, i.e., variation of emission rate and column height with time. In this stu...

In light of global climate change, China has set strategic goals for carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, emphasizing the necessity of constructing a new power system with a high proportion of renewable energy sources. As coal-fired...

Climate change mitigation requires countries to report their annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and sinks, including those from land use, land use change, and forestry (LULUCF). In Finland, the LULUCF sector plays a crucial role in achieving net-z...

To address and mitigate the environmental impacts of synthetic greenhouse gases it’s crucial to quantify their emissions to the atmosphere on different spatial scales. Atmospheric Inverse modelling is becoming a widely used method to provide ob...

The emergence of hyperspectral thermal infrared imaging spectrometers makes it possible to retrieve both the land surface temperature (LST) and the land surface emissivity (LSE) simultaneously. However, few articles focus on the problem of how the in...

The Chinese government introduced regulations to control emissions and reduce the level of NOx pollutants for the first time with the 12th Five-Year Plan in 2011. Since then, the changes in NOx emissions have been assessed using various approaches to...

Reducing methane (CH4) emissions from anthropogenic activities is critical to climate change mitigation efforts. However, there is still considerable uncertainty over the amount of fugitive CH4 emissions due to large-scale area sources and heterogene...

The spatial quantification of multiple sources within the urban environment is crucial for understanding urban air quality and implementing measures to mitigate air pollution levels. At the same time, emissions from road traffic contribute significan...

Observational constraints to biomass burning (BB) NOx emissions as provided by satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) critically depend on quantitative assumptions regarding the atmospheric NOx lifetime. In this study, we investigated NOx e...

Among air toxics, formaldehyde (HCHO) is an important contributor to urban cancer risk. Emissions of HCHO in the United States are systematically under-reported and may enhance atmospheric ozone and particulate matter, intensifying their impacts on h...

We employed a global high-resolution inverse model to optimize the CH4 emission using Greenhouse gas Observing Satellite (GOSAT) and surface observation data for a period from 2011–2017 for the two main source categories of anthropogenic and na...

The conversion of airglow intensity to volume emission rate (VER) is a common method for studying the ionosphere, but the contribution of the intensity conversion process to the uncertainty in estimated electron or ion density is significant. The Abe...

Carbon emissions and consequent climate change directly affect the sustainable development of ecological environment systems and human society, which is a pertinent issue of concern for all countries globally. The construction of a carbon emission in...

In this research, a new time-resolved emission inversion system was developed to investigate variations in SO2 emission in China during the COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) lockdown period based on a four-dimensional variational (4DVar) inversion...

We present a Bayesian inversion method for estimating volcanic ash emissions using satellite retrievals of ash column load and an atmospheric dispersion model. An a priori description of the emissions is used based on observations of the rise height...

Remote sensing detection of vehicle emissions is an effective supplement to the statutory periodic inspection of in-use vehicle emissions and it is a convenient technical method for real-time screening of high-emission vehicles. The principle of remo...

As urbanization intensifies, the quantification of methane (CH4) emissions at city scales faces unprecedented challenges due to spatial heterogeneities from industrial and transportation activities and land use changes. This paper provides a review o...

We previously introduced the parametric variance Kalman filter (PvKF) assimilation as a cost-efficient system to estimate the dynamics of methane analysis concentrations. As an extension of our development, this study demonstrates the linking of PvKF...

Satellite XCO2 retrievals have been widely used in estimating fossil fuel carbon (FFC) emissions at point and urban scales. However, at the regional scale, it remains a significant challenge. Furthermore, current global and regional atmospheric inver...

Hybrid approaches combining machine learning with traditional inverse problem solution methods represent a promising direction for the further development of inverse modeling algorithms. The paper proposes an approach to emission source identificatio...

The engine performance and emission characteristics of burning emulsions of soybean oil biodiesel in a compression-ignition diesel engine prepared through the phase inversion temperature method were compared with those of neat soybean oil biodiesel a...

The northern wetland methane emission estimates have large uncertainties. Inversion models are a qualified method to estimate the methane fluxes and emissions in northern latitudes but when atmospheric observations are sparse, the models are only as...

One of the major challenges for the Australian feedlot and meat sectors is to have accurate and robust long-term greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data. Long-term measurements of methane (CH4) emissions (2015–2017) were made at two Australian beef...

Area sources are important components of comprehensive air pollution models. The literature describes several approaches to modeling dispersion from such sources, but there is little consensus on an approach that can be applied to arbitrarily shaped...

Satellite-based monitoring of atmospheric column-averaged dry-air mole fraction (XCH4) is essential for quantifying methane (CH4) emissions, yet uncharacterized spatially varying biases in XCH4 observations can cause misattribution in flux estimates....

The digital economy has great potential to boost innovation and social productivity, and it plays an important role in helping to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. This study focuses on analyzing and testing the role of the digital economy i...

Although cities only account for 3% of the global land area, they have disproportionately contributed 70% of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions; the main issue in estimating urban anthropogenic CO2 emissions is their large uncertainty. Tower-based atm...

High-sensitivity fluorescence monitoring has been widely used in agriculture and environmental science. However, the active fluorescence detection information of leaf segments mainly focuses on total chlorophyll, and the fluorescence information of c...

Maritime transportation plays a vital role in global economic development but is also a significant contributor to air pollution, especially through emissions of SO2, NOx, and CO2. Identifying non-compliance with fuel sulfur content regulations is cr...

Despite great technical capabilities, the theory of non-contact temperature measurement is usually not fully applicable to the use of measuring instruments in practice. While black body calibrations and black body radiation thermometry (BBRT) are in...

We consider the sample of 55 blazars and Seyferts cross-correlated from the Planck all-sky survey based on the Early Release Compact Source Catalog (ERCSC) and Swift BAT 105-Month Hard X-ray Survey. The radio Planck spectra vs. X-ray Swift/XRT+BAT sp...

This study explores the relationships between the digital economy, R&D investment, and carbon emissions, as well as the mediating role of financial technology (fintech). Despite a growing body of research, the impact of the digital economy on car...

In the inversion of land surface temperature (LST) from satellite data, obtaining the information on land surface emissivity is most challenging. How to solve both the emissivity and the LST from the underdetermined equations for thermal infrared rad...

Air quality monitoring systems differ in composition and accuracy of observations and their temporal and spatial coverage. A monitoring system’s performance can be assessed by evaluating the accuracy of the emission sources identified by its da...

The use of biochar reduces nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soils under specific conditions yet the mechanisms through which interactions occur are not fully understood. The objectives of this glasshouse study were to investigate the effect of (i)...

Black carbon (BC) is one of the most harmful substances within traffic emissions, contributing considerably to urban pollution. Nevertheless, it is not explicitly regulated and the official laboratory derived emission factors are barely consistent wi...

TanSat-2, the next-generation Chinese greenhouse gas monitoring satellite for measuring carbon dioxide (CO2), has a new city-scale observing mode. We assess the theoretical capability of TanSat-2 to quantify integrated urban CO2 emissions over the ci...

In this study, inverse differential gear and power mode switching control were used to develop a hybrid electric motorcycle (HEM). An inverse differential gear power splitter was installed to integrate or distribute the power of an internal combustio...

Concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous dioxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in the atmosphere are rising continuously. The first step to reduce emissions from landfills is to gain better knowledge about the quantities emi...

This work communicates the connection of measured shadowgraphs from optically induced air breakdown with emission spectroscopy in selected gas mixtures. Laser-induced optical breakdown is generated using 850 and 170 mJ, 6 ns pulses at a wavelength of...

This present work investigates several local and synoptic meteorological aspects associated with two wintertime haze episodes in Greater Bangkok using observational data, covering synoptic patterns evolution, day-to-day and diurnal variation, dynamic...

X-ray binary systems (XRBs) exhibit similar dynamics and multimessenger emission mechanisms to active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with the benefit of shorter time scaling. Those systems produce rich spectral energy distributions (SEDs) ranging from the ra...

In this work, the Lotka–Volterra equations where applied to laser physics to describe population inversion and the number of emitted photons. Given that predation and stimulated emissions are analogous processes, two rate equations where obtain...

Taking coal under hydro-mechanical coupling as the research object, the discrete element software PFC3D (particle flow code) was used to analyze the relationships among the force, acoustic emission (AE), and energy during coal fracture. Based on the...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is developing quickly due to the continual rise in demand for energy and environmental protection. Solar thermal photovoltaic (STPV) systems can break the Shockley–Queisser limit of conventional PV systems by...

Janus-type triskelion-shaped fluorophores comprising coumarins bearing various electron-donating substituents (1aad, 1add, 1ccd, and 1cdd) were successfully synthesized via an intramolecular Ullmann coupling. Density functional theory (DFT) calculati...