In order to ensure the security of power grids and control the level of short-circuit currents, a multi-objective optimization method for power grid partitioning is proposed. This method takes into consideration both short-circuit currents and multi-...
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a painless noninvasive method that reportedly improves cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by stimulating the brain. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Thus, th...
DynPy is an open-source library implemented in Python (version 3.10.12) programming language which aims to provide a versatile set of functionalities for mechanical and electrical engineers. It enables the user to model, solve, simulate, and report a...
For a theoretical analysis of mass transfer processes in electromembrane systems, the Nernst–Planck and Poisson equations (NPP) are generally used. In the case of 1D direct-current-mode modelling, a fixed potential (for example, zero) is set on...
An effective and accurate solver for the direct-current-resistivity forward-modeling problem has become a cutting-edge research topic. However, computational limitations arise due to the substantial amount of data involved, hindering the widespread u...
Clinical findings suggest that transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) can modulate ascending sensitive, descending corticospinal, and segmental pathways in the spinal cord (SC). However, several aspects of the stimulation have not b...
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) involves the application of weak electric currents (typically 0.5–2 mA) via scalp electrodes to promote neuroplastic changes that modulate behaviour or cortical activity. Although there...
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been showing promising effects for the treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), but there is still no conclusion on its efficacy for this disorder. We performed a systematic review and...
The reduction of the dark current (DC) to a tolerable level in amorphous selenium (a-Se) X-ray photoconductors was one of the key factors that led to the successful commercialization of a-Se-based direct conversion flat panel X-ray imagers (FPXIs) an...
This paper focus on direct current (DC) filter grounding faults to propose a novel dilated normalized residual convolutional neural network (DRNCNN) fault diagnosis model for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. To address the ins...
Schizophrenia is a psychotic disease that develops progressively over years with a transition from prodromal to psychotic state associated with a disruption in brain activity. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), known to alleviate pharmac...
Grounding fault analysis is of vital importance for low voltage direct current (LVDC) supply and utilization systems. However, the existing DC grounding fault model is inappropriate for LVDC supply and utilization system. In order to provide an appro...
In this paper a hybrid modulated model predictive control (HM2PC) strategy for modular-multilevel-converter (MMC) multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems is proposed for supplying power to passive networks or weak AC systems, with the control ob...
Several socioeconomic factors such as industrialization, population growth, evolution of modern technologies, urbanization and other social activities do heavily influence the increase in energy demand. A thorough understanding of the effects of ener...
With the widespread application of the direct-current resistivity method, searching for accurate and fast-forward algorithms has become the focus of research for geophysicists and engineers. Three-dimensional forward modeling can be the best way to i...
A grid-forming voltage source converter with an integrated step-down transformer could be a promising solution for supplying low-voltage alternating current loads from a medium-voltage direct current supply. However, it may require a control system t...
This paper proposes a dual−loop model predictive control (MPC) scheme based on grid−side current for modular multilevel converter−based high−voltage direct current (MMC−HVDC) systems. The proposed hybrid control structur...
In this study, advanced hydrodynamic models are proposed to predict dynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) in combined wave and current conditions and validated by laboratory and full-scale semi-submersible platforms. Firstly, hy...
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines are increasing in number and overall length. This means their lightning protection must be of higher importance as well. Probability-modulated attractive space (PMAS) theory is a proven geometry-b...
This review paper introduces the modeling, measurement, identification and control of direct current motors based on the state space modeling and the transfer function representation. These models are identified by real laboratory measurements, and t...
The control techniques of the brushless DC (BLDC) motor have gained a large amount of interest in recent years, with their use being implemented in order to achieve a high-performance drive, including quick transient response and high-quality wavefor...
Through the integration of high-resolution hydrodynamic modeling and comprehensive field measurements, this study elucidates the intricate three-dimensional hydrographic characteristics of the eastern Gulf of Thailand (eGOT). In addition to the preva...
In this paper, we developed the small-signal state-space (SS) model of hybrid multi-terminal high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) systems and fault localization method in a failure situation. The multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) system is composed of two win...
Dual-port direct drive wave energy power generation systems (DP-DDWEPGS) have received widespread attention due to their smooth and zero-free output power, compared to single-port direct drive wave energy power generation systems (SP-DDWEPGS) which h...
The remarkable progress of power electronic converters (PEC) technology has led to their increased penetration in distributed energy systems (DES). Particularly, the direct current (dc) nanogrid-based DES embody a variety of sources and loads, connec...
The physicochemical and transport properties (ion-exchange capacity, water content, diffusion permeability, conductivity, and current-voltage characteristic) of a series of perfluorinated membranes with an inert fluoropolymer content from 0 to 40%, o...
Field spectroradiometers integrated in automated systems at Eddy Covariance (EC) sites are a powerful tool for monitoring and upscaling vegetation physiology and carbon and water fluxes. However, exposure to varying environmental conditions can affec...
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)-induced electric fields (EFs) acting on brain tissues are hardly controllable. Among physical models used in neuroscience research, watermelons are known as head-like phantoms for their diele...
In this paper, a novel microgrid (MG) concept suitable for direct current (DC) multibus architectures is depicted. Multibus feature is improved in order to distribute power in DC using a number of buses at different voltage level. A teachers offices...
The mainstay treatments for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) have been limited to pharmacotherapy and deep brain stimulation. While these interventions are helpful, a new wave of research is investigating noninvasive neuromodulation methods as potentia...
This paper presents an analysis of a new application of different direct matrix converter topologies used as power interfaces in AC, DC, and hybrid microgrids, with model predictive current control. Such a combination of a converter and control strat...
The present paper provides a comparison of different optimization techniques applied to the model-based design of a Buck Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) Quasi-Resonant DC-DC Converter. The comparison was made both on the basis of the duration of the opt...
The increasing penetration of renewable energy generation in recent years has introduced significant changes and challenges to modern power systems. One of the most critical challenges is the reduction in system inertia, which decreases grid stabilit...
In order to improve the stability of direct current (DC) microgrid with constant power loads, a novel virtual inductive approach is proposed in this paper. It is known that the negative impedance characteristic of constant power loads will lead to DC...
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique to treat brain disorders by using a constant, low current to stimulate targeted cortex regions. Compared to the conventional tDCS that uses two large pad elect...
The photovoltaic, energy storage, direct current, and flexibility (PEDF) system represents a crucial innovation for transforming buildings into low-carbon energy sources. Although it is still in the early stages of scalable demonstration, current res...
A phase-locked loop (PLL), as a synchronization unit commonly employed in grid-connected converters (GCCs), jeopardizes system stability under a weak grid. Therefore, synchronization units without a PLL, such as active power synchronization (APS), ha...
Mine water inrush remains one of the major hazards threatening the safety of coal mining operations. To assess the feasibility of integrating transient electromagnetic (TEM) and direct-current (DC) methods for advanced detection in underground settin...
A 2D axisymmetric two-phase model was developed to study the effect of an arc impingement on the liquid metal inside an electric arc furnace. In addition to the arc flow dynamics, the model covered the heat transfer and magneto hydrodynamics of the a...
Large-language models (LLMs) show promise for automating evidence synthesis, yet head-to-head evaluations remain scarce. We benchmarked five state-of-the-art LLMs—openai/o1-mini, x-ai/grok-2-1212, meta-llama/Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct, google/Gemin...
Compared with the standard finite-set model-based predictive current control (FS-MPCC), the finite-set ultra-local model-based predictive current control (FS-ULMPCC) removes the use of actual system parameters and thus has some advantages like good r...
In this study, a durability model for predicting the lifetime of MOV devices used to prevent DC switch damage due to occasional switching surges is proposed and validated. In addition, MOV devices are subjected to induced switching DC surges of a con...
Around 30% of the general population experience subjective tinnitus, characterized by conscious attended awareness perception of sound without an external source. Clinical distress tinnitus is more than just experiencing a phantom sound, as it can be...
The electrical energy demand increase does evolve rapidly due to several socioeconomic factors such as industrialisation, population growth, urbanisation and, of course, the evolution of modern technologies in this 4th industrial revolution era. Such...
This article presents a mathematical model of three-phase induction motor (IM) with a squirrel cage rotor and investigates its starting modes. Specifically, two scenarios are considered: direct starting of an IM and direct starting considering the cu...
Remembering objects and their associated location (object–location memory; OLM), is a fundamental cognitive function, mediated by cortical and subcortical brain regions. Previously, the combination of OLM training and transcranial direct curren...
The electrical protection of power networks with fault contribution from inverter-based power sources imposes new application challenges that have to be dealt with by protection engineers. This paper describes the development of a study case model of...
Over the past decade, modular multilevel converters have evolved as the preferred choice for high voltage conversion systems. The design of the converter poses a computational challenge to the classical electromagnetic transient simulation techniques...
This paper deals with the optimal reconfiguration problem of DC distribution networks by proposing a new mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) formulation. This MINLP model focuses on minimising the power losses in the distribution lines by ref...
Objective: This report aims to compare the effectiveness between electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial direct stimulation (tDCS) among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and the associated factors. Methods: This was a secon...
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