Bilingualism is associated with enhanced switching skills, while a developmental language disorder (DLD) may negatively impact switching ability. However, both studies with bilinguals as well as studies including children with DLD have revealed mixed...
Background: Some individuals have a normal audiogram but have listening difficulties (LiD). As many studies have investigated the relationship between listening and developmental disorders, the traits of developmental disorders might explain the symp...
Primitive erythrocytes are the first hematopoietic cells observed during ontogeny and are produced specifically in the yolk sac. Primitive erythrocytes express distinct hemoglobins compared with adult erythrocytes and circulate in the blood in the nu...
The C. elegans vulva is an excellent model for the study of developmental biology and cell–cell signaling. The developmental induction of vulval precursor cells (VPCs) to assume the 3°-3°-2°-1°-2°-3° patterning of cell f...
Polyphenisms, the capability of organisms to form two or more alternative phenotypes in response to environmental variation, are prevalent in nature. However, associated molecular mechanisms and potential general principles of polyphenisms among majo...
Locus-specific gene amplification and genome-wide endoreplication generate the elevated copy number of ribosomal DNA (rDNA, 9000 C) and non-rDNA (90 C) chromosomes in the developing macronucleus of Tetrahymena thermophila. Subsequently, all macronucl...
Ecdysteroid titer determines the state of the cell cycle in silkworm (Bombyxmori) metamorphosis. However, the mechanism of this process is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that the BmFoxO gene participates in the regulation of the cell cycle i...
Leaf senescence is the final, programmed stage of leaf development, marked by nutrient remobilization and tightly regulated molecular events. Although alternative splicing has emerged as a major regulator of plant development, its role in isoform swi...
A novel stress suppression design for flexible RF MEMS switches has been presented and demonstrated through theoretical and experimental research to isolate the stress caused by substrate bending. An RF MEMS switch with an S-shaped microspring struct...
Responses to cutaneous injury differ fundamentally across developmental stages in several mammal species. During early human gestation, when the fetus is less than 24 weeks old, wounds are capable of restoring normal tissue architecture without formi...
Soybean (Glycine max) seeds are an important source of seed storage compounds, including protein, oil, and sugar used for food, feed, chemical, and biofuel production. We assessed detailed temporal transcriptional and metabolic changes in developing...
Erythropoiesis is a tightly regulated developmental process that requires the switch from fetal hemoglobin (HbF) to adult hemoglobin (HbA). In β-hemoglobinpathies such as SCD and β-thalassemia, disease severity is influenced by the fetal-to...
As the chick transitions from embryonic to post-hatching life, its metabolism must quickly undergo a dramatic switch in its major energy source. The chick embryo derives most of its energy from the yolk, a lipid-rich/carbohydrate-poor source. Upon ha...
The phenomenon of prey switching is prevalent in the natural world and represents a strategic adaptation of predators to their environment. Neoseiulus bicaudus, a native predatory mite found in Xinjiang, serves as a natural enemy to numerous small pe...
The development of multicellular organisms proceeds through a series of morphogenetic and cell-state transitions, transforming homogeneous zygotes into complex adults by a process of self-organisation. Many of these transitions are achieved by sponta...
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) form a large family of evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperones that help balance protein folding and protect cells from various stress conditions. However, there is growing evidence that Hsps may also play an active r...
Value-directed remembering involves two key mechanisms: automatic processing and strategic processing. Automatic processing relies on the brain’s reward system and is associated with midbrain dopaminergic pathways and medial temporal-lobe activ...
How does the bilingual child assemble her first multiword constructions? Can switch placement in bilingual combinations be explained by language usage? This study traces the emergence of frozen and semi-productive patterns throughout the diary collec...
In multicellular organisms, development is based in part on the integration of communication systems. Two neuroendocrine axes, the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal axes, are cent...
Plants display sophisticated mechanisms to tolerate challenging environmental conditions and need to manage their ontogenesis in parallel. Here, we set out to generate an RNA-Seq time series dataset throughout grapevine (Vitis vinifera) early bud dev...
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) curd formation is a highly complex developmental process governed by tightly coordinated genetic and physiological regulation. Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing of curd and peduncle tissues acro...
RhoA, a member of Rho GTPases, regulates myriad cellular processes. Abnormal expression of RhoA has been implicated in various diseases, including cancers, developmental disorders and bacterial infections. RhoA mutations G14V and Q63L have been repor...
Vegetative phase changes in plants describes the transition between juvenile and adult phases of vegetative growth before flowering. It is one of the most fundamental mechanisms for plants to sense developmental signals, presenting a complex process...
Flexible problem solving, the ability to deal with currently goal-irrelevant information that may have been goal-relevant in previous, similar situations, plays a prominent role in cognitive development and has been repeatedly investigated in develop...
Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a natural process of vegetative propagation. It can be induced in tissue cultures to investigate developmental transitions, to create transgenic or edited lines, or to multiply valuable crops. We studied the induct...
As an emerging field of life science, epigenetics plays a pivotal role in regulating gene expression. Epigenetic modifications including histone modifications, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs, and RNA modifications (particularl...
Performance in semantic verbal fluency (SVF) tasks, mainly measured by the number of words of a particular semantic category produced within a limited time, is a widely accepted measure of cognitive functioning used in the neuropsychological assessme...
Prospective memory (PM) is essential in the everyday activities of children because it involves remembering intentions for the future, such as doing their homework or bringing written parental permissions to school. Developmental studies have shown i...
19 September 2020
The use of home-based image sensors for biological and environmental monitoring provides novel insight into health and development but it is difficult to evaluate people during their normal activities in their home. Therefore, we developed a low-cost...
Many cardiovascular diseases originate from growth retardation, inflammation, and malnutrition during early postnatal development. The nature of this phenomenon is not completely understood. Here we aimed to verify the hypothesis that systemic inflam...
The developmental switch from a vegetative phase to reproduction (flowering) is essential for reproduction success in flowering plants, and the timing of the floral transition is regulated by various environmental factors, among which seasonal day-le...
Young children typically engage in cognitive control reactively in response to specific situations, rather than proactively preparing for them. The developmental change from reactive to proactive control seems to happen gradually across early develop...
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-sensitive glutamate receptor (NMDAR) helps assemble downstream signaling pathways through protein interactions within the postsynaptic density (PSD), which are mediated by its intracellular C-terminal domain (CTD). The...
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of establishing chronic infections, with potential reactivation in immunocompromised individuals. However, the molecular mechanisms governing tachyzoite-to-bradyzoite differentiation remain incomplete...
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are broadly implicated in the developmental programs of most tissues. Amongst these tissues, skeletal muscle and adipose are noteworthy for being essential in establishing systemic metabolic balance. TRP ch...
25 May 2022
Executive functions and emotional processes follow a time-dependent development that reflects the brain’s anatomo-functional maturation. Though the assessment of these cognitive functions is largely examined, in children the role of emotions in...
The slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum’s life cycle includes different unicellular and multicellular stages that provide a convenient model for research concerning intracellular and intercellular mechanisms influencing mitochondria’s structure and f...
Transcription factors (TFs) and their complex interplay are essential for directing specific genetic programs, such as responses to environmental stresses, tissue development, or cell differentiation by regulating gene expression. Knowledge regarding...
In plants, fruit ripening is a coordinated developmental process that requires the change in expression of hundreds to thousands of genes to modify many biochemical and physiological signal cascades such as carbohydrate and organic acid metabolism, c...
Maturation of the cardiovascular system is associated with crucial structural and functional remodeling. Thickening of the arterial wall, maturation of the sympathetic innervation, and switching of the mechanisms of arterial contraction from calcium-...
Adventitious root formation is an organogenic process, regulated at several levels, that is crucial for the successful vegetative propagation of numerous plants. In many tree species, recalcitrance to adventitious root formation is a major limitation...
The transition from a dormant to a germinating seed represents a crucial developmental switch in the life cycle of a plant. Subsequent transition from a germinating seed to an autotrophic organism also requires a robust and multi-layered control. See...
Light and brassinosteroid (BR) are external stimuli and internal cue respectively, that both play critical roles in a wide range of developmental and physiological process. Seedlings grown in the light exhibit photomorphogenesis, while BR promotes se...
Early individual differences in executive functions (EFs) are predictive of a range of developmental outcomes. However, despite the importance of EFs, little is known about the processes underlying these early individual differences. Therefore, we in...
In neuronal precursors and immature neurons, the depolarizing (excitatory) effect of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling is associated with elevated [Cl−]i; as brain cells mature, a developmental switch occurs, leading to the decrease of [Cl−]i and...
Transition from seed to seedling is one of the critical developmental steps, dramatically affecting plant growth and viability. Before plants enter the vegetative phase of their ontogenesis, massive rearrangements of signaling pathways and switching...
Myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) is the most common form of adult muscular dystrophy, caused by expansion of a CTG triplet repeat in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) gene. The pathological...
Flowering reversion is a common phenomenon in plant development in which differentiated floral organs switch from reproductive growth to vegetative growth and ultimately form abnormal floral organs or vegetative organs. This greatly reduces tomato yi...
KCC2 mediates extrusion of K+ and Cl− and assuresthe developmental “switch” in GABA function during neuronal maturation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying KCC2 regulation are not fully elucidated. We investigated the impa...
Caenorhabditis elegans can adapt and survive in dynamically changing environments by the smart and delicate switching of molecular plasticity. C. elegans dauer diapause is a form of phenotypic and developmental plasticity that induces reversible deve...
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