The future increased terminal capacity will result in more container movement through the road complex and rail siding, which are one of the most critical areas (potential bottlenecks) in the container terminal. Truck turnaround time is one of the ma...
The continued growth of international maritime trade has driven automated container terminals (ACTs) to pursue more efficient operational management strategies. In practice, the horizontal yard layout in ACTs significantly enhances transshipment effi...
Background: Improving container terminal efficiency requires a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between vessel, truck, and container operations, yet existing studies often analyzed these components separately. In Japanese container ter...
Determining where to stack the containers at the storage yard of a container terminal is an important problem because that decision critically affects the efficiency of container handling in the yard and, eventually, the efficiency of the vessel oper...
Container terminals (CTs) play an important role in the modern logistics and transportation industry. The utilization of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) can be effectively facilitated by reducing their empty running. The existing strategies cannot g...
New requirements for terminal production and operation have emerged as a result of the increase in container terminal throughput. Traditional terminals’ manufacturing capabilities fall short of the expanding service needs. By constructing a dig...
This study examines the financially feasibility of the proper terminal capacity by each berth size of the automatic container terminal (ACT) from the perspective of Terminal Operating Company (TOC). ACT is a highly productive and eco-friendly port fa...
Background: Rail operations form a critical interface between maritime container terminals and their hinterlands, yet their operational planning remains underexplored; this paper introduces the Train Unloading Planning Problem (TUPP), which jointly d...
Worldwide, governments are making efforts to enhance the efficiency of port terminals by applying new technologies developed in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This study aims to systematically analyze port productivity and operation...
A container terminal is a facility used to collect containers from the hinterland and ports for distribution to the end destination. Based on these essential functions, container terminals often reflect the economic conditions in a country. Many stud...
With the increasing maturity of automatic driving technology, the commercial value of driverless container trucks has been gradually excavated. Compared with social roads, the internal roads in the port area have certain practicing advantages. By tak...
The main contribution of this paper is to quantify the impact of the allocation of facilities, including the number of facilities and the fuels adopted by facilities, on carbon emissions. In order to deal with the complex queuing network of container...
Container terminal yards are automated terminal yards. The rail-mounted gantry crane (RMGC) and rail-mounted gantry crane tracks (RMGCTs) that frequently operate in terminal yards need to be inspected regularly to ensure the safe operation of contain...
In the face of mounting complexity in container terminal operations, the selection of an effective information system is paramount. The TOS (Terminal Operating System) is the most significant of all the information systems in existence for terminals....
The paper discusses the issue of unproductivity during the implementation of operations in inland container terminals. The authors hypothesize that the two main factors influencing the number of unproductive manipulations are the adopted operating st...
The intermodal transportation system plays a pivotal role in a global supply chain. Despite the benefits of intermodal transportation, it still has negative impacts, which are associated with congestion and emission. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission is...
This study proposes the use of satellite images and a vessel’s automatic identification system (AIS) data to evaluate the congestion level at container ports for operational efficiency analysis, which was never attempted in previous studies. Th...
Productivity is an extremely important factor in the competitiveness of a container terminal. Productivity itself is largely influenced by the handling mechanisation, the main task of which is to serve the quay cranes on one side and the yard cranes...
Container terminals comprise multiple interdependent operational areas, yet conventional data envelopment analysis models often treat terminal operations as a single production process or represent them using only broad ship-side and landside functio...
Empty container depot (ECD) design significantly impacts maritime terminal efficiency, yet traditional evaluation approaches assess limited operational factors, constraining comprehensive performance optimization. This study develops an integrated di...
The multiple processes taking place on a daily basis at an intermodal container terminal are often considered individually, given the complexity of their joint consideration. Nevertheless, the integrated planning and scheduling of operations in an in...
Container terminals are the typical representatives of complex supply chain logistics hubs with multiple compound attributes and multiple coupling constraints, and their operations are provided with the strong characteristics of dynamicity, nonlinear...
Indonesia’s high logistics costs—approximately 14.6% of its GDP—pose a significant challenge to national economic competitiveness. Key contributing factors include complex geography, fragmented multimodal transport systems and ineff...
Berth allocation is a critical concern in container terminal port logistics, involving the precise determination of where and when arriving vessels should dock along a quay. With berth space limitations and a continuous surge in container handling de...
Digitalization and sustainability are increasingly important in container terminal development, yet their operational-level integration remains insufficiently explained in medium-sized terminals. This study examines how digital systems support sustai...
With the rapid development of global trade, ports and terminals are playing an increasingly important role, and automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) have been used as the main carriers performing the loading/unloading operations in automated container te...
This study is a driving analysis of the transfer data of container terminals based on simulation interactive modeling technology. In the context of a container yard, a model was established to analyze and predict the arrival time and influencing fact...
The purpose of this case study is to conduct an economic analysis to calculate the proper terminal capacity of automated container terminal (ACT) investment from the perspective of the public sector. As a key element of smart port, the ACT is an impo...
The reliability of logistics processes is most often considered in the context of the correct flow of materials. The information that accompanies the logistic flow is usually not considered a potential source of errors or disruptions to the correct o...
The U-shaped automated container terminal (U-ACT) meets the requirements of sea-rail intermodal transportation with its unique layout. However, this layout also presents challenges, such as complex container transshipment planning and challenging equ...
In this paper, we introduce PortLaneNet, an optimized lane detection model specifically designed for the unique challenges of enclosed container terminal environments. Unlike conventional lane detection scenarios, this model addresses complexities su...
Since the introduction of containerization in 1956, its growth has led to a corresponding growth in the role of container seaborne traffic in world trade. To respond to such growth, requirements for setting up the common standards in various kinds of...
The proportions of container transshipment is the key factor in determining the proportion of automated guided vehicle (AGV) and external container truck operations. In terms of parallel and perpendicular layouts of automated container terminals (ACT...
Quay cranes (QCs) play a vital role in automated container terminals (ACTs), and once a QC malfunctions, it will seriously affect the operation efficiency of ships being loaded and unloaded by the QC. In this study, we investigate an integrated sched...
Accurate short-term container throughput volume (CTV) forecasting is crucial for optimizing yard management and port operational efficiency. However, conventional forecasting frameworks typically assume deterministic vessel-side container volumes, ne...
In this paper, we claim that the operation schedule of automated stacking cranes (ASC) in the storage yard of automated container terminals can be built effectively and efficiently by using a crane dispatching policy, and propose a noisy optimization...
Effective berth allocation in container terminals is crucial for optimizing port operations, given the limited space and the increasing volume of container traffic. This study addresses the discrete dynamic berth allocation problem (DDBAP) under unce...
In container sea–rail combined transport, the railway yard in an automated container terminal (RYACT) is the link in the whole logistics transportation process, and its operation and scheduling efficiency directly affect the efficiency of logis...
The integrated allocation and scheduling of handling resources are crucial problems in the railway container terminal (RCT). We investigate the integrated optimization problem for handling resources of the crane area, dual-gantry crane (GC), and inte...
The implementation of the truck appointment system (TAS) in various ports shows that it can effectively reduce congestion and enhance resource utilization. However, uncertain factors such as traffic and weather conditions usually prevent the external...
To address the efficiency and safety challenges arising from the mixed operation of autonomous and human-driven container trucks during the automation transformation of traditional container terminals, this study designed a simulation-based optimizat...
The years 2021 and 2022 showed that maritime logistics are prone to interruptions. Ports especially turned out to be bottlenecks with long queues of waiting vessels. This leads to the question of whether this can be (at least partly) mitigated by mea...
Coordinating automated guided vehicles (AGVs) on shared roads is essential to efficient container-terminal transport. This study aims to improve routing and parameter adaptation in a U-shaped automated container terminal. We develop an improved ant c...
In the existing literature, the berthing operations, the quay crane assignments, and the scheduling problems were usually conducted without considering the worker performances (WPs) and the yard truck tasks (YTTs). However, professionals in situ corr...
Elevated string-rail systems, in which unmanned electric vehicles run on steel wheels along a prestressed rail carried on slender supports, have been proposed as a way of moving containers between a quay and an inland terminal without using the road...
As the decarbonization strategies of automated container terminals (ACTs) continue to advance, electrically powered Battery-Automated Guided Vehicles (B-AGVs) are being widely adopted in ACTs. The U-shaped ACT, as a novel layout, faces higher AGV ene...
With the continuous development of smart ports, the construction of port information systems has become the construction focus of the future development of such ports. However, the existing performance evaluation system for port information systems r...
In order to improve the horizontal transportation efficiency of the terminal Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), it is necessary to focus on coordinating the time and space synchronization operation of the loading and unloading of equipment, the transp...
The joint scheduling of quay cranes (QCs), yard cranes (YCs), and yard trucks (YTs) is critical to achieving good overall performance for a container terminal. However, there are only a few such integrated studies. Especially, those who have taken th...
Intelligent Guided Vehicles (IGVs) in U-shaped automated container terminals (ACTs) have longer travel paths than those in conventional vertical layout ACTs, and their interactions with double trolley quay cranes (DTQCs) and double cantilever rail cr...
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