118 Results Found

Lefamulin was the first systemic pleuromutilin antibiotic approved for intravenous and oral use in adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia based on two phase 3 trials (Lefamulin Evaluation Against Pneumonia [LEAP]-1 and LEAP-2). This poole...

Background: Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is a common and costly cause of hospitalization. Although severe CABP (sCABP) occurs in 10–25% of all pneumonia hospitalizations, little generalizable data examine its characteristics an...

The impact of bacterial pneumonia on patients with COVID-19 infection remains unclear. This prospective observational monocentric cohort study aims to determine the incidence of bacterial community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia (CAP and HAP) and i...

We evaluated the performance of the BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia panel (PN-panel) in detecting bacterial pathogens by comparing it to cultures and to the usefulness of the leukocyte esterase (LE) urine strip test. Between January and June 20...

Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a bacterial species often associated with the occurrence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP refers to a specific kind of pneumonia that occurs in individuals who acquire the infection outside of a h...

Lefamulin, a new, first-in-class pleuromutilin antibiotic, was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). In this c...

(1) Objective: There are limited data regarding community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) admissions patterns in US hospitals. Current expert CAP guidelines advocate for outpatient treatment or an abbreviated hospital stay for CAP patients in pneumonia seve...

Introduction: Approximately 3% of hospitalized patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) develop healthcare-associated Clostridioides difficile infection (HCA-CDI). The validated Davis risk score (DRS) indicates that patients with a...

The impact of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on overall community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and disease severity still needs thorough evaluation. In this study, we retrieve both pneumococcal CAP (P-CAP) and unspecific CAP (U-CAP)...

Current treatment for canine bacterial pneumonia relies on protracted courses of antimicrobials (3–6 weeks or more) with recommendations to continue for 1–2 weeks past resolution of all clinical and thoracic radiographic abnormalities. However, in hu...

Background: Community-acquired Acinetobacter pneumonia (CAAP) typically presents with rapid progression to fulminant disease and is complicated by high mortality. Australian epidemiological studies are few. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study...

Clinically, in young immunocompetent adults, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) usually manifests as infectious mononucleosis (IM). Typical clinical findings of EBV IM include fever, profound fatigue, pharyngitis, bilateral posterior cervical adenopathy, and s...

Background: Bacterial co-infections in patients with viral pneumonia might increase mortality. In this study we aimed to evaluate their effect on the mortality of critically ill patients with viral pneumonia. Methods: A systematic search was conducte...

Oral tetracyclines have been used in clinical practice for over 60 years. Overall, one of the most common indications for use of oral tetracyclines is for treatment of adult outpatients with lower respiratory tract infections, including community-acq...

The emergence of hyper-virulent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with hospital- and community-acquired infections is a serious health problem that increases mortality. The molecular analysis of vir...

The combination of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and other respiratory pathogens is a real challenge for health care systems in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and management. Most of the reported bacterial co...

(1) Background and Objectives: Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia, and the prevalence and etiology of the disease varies depending on the setting. The development of effective strategies can hel...

Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a crucial diagnostic tool for identifying pneumonia in the pediatric age group. However, it plays a limited role in the early distinction between viral and bacterial pneumonia in children. The objectives of our study were to...

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for community-acquired and nosocomial infections. The strains of this species belong to the opportunistic group, which is comprised of the multidrug-resistant strains, or the hypervirulent...

On 18 August 2019, an article was published in Microorganisms presenting novel, approved anti-Gram-positive antibiotics. On 19 August 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced the approval of lefamulin, a representative of a new class of...

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are the leading infectious cause of death and the sixth-leading cause of death overall worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae, with more than 90 serotypes, remains the most common identified cause of community-...

Omadacycline (Nuzyra®) is a new aminomethylcycline, approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration in 2018, as a tetracycline antibacterial. It can be used in community-acquired pneumonia and in acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infecti...

Community-acquired pneumonia is reported as one of the infectious diseases that leads to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system is the first line of defence against microbial invasion; however, its dysregulat...

In immunocompromised patients, pneumonia presents a diagnostic challenge due to diverse etiologies, nonspecific symptoms, overlapping radiological presentation, frequent co-infections, and the potential for rapid progression to severe disease. Thus,...

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is very common and is the second most frequent reason for consultation in office-based practice. The incidence varies from one country to another. The diffusion of MDR in the community complicates therapeutic man...

It is crucial to define risk factors that contribute to host invasion by Staphylococcus aureus. Here, we demonstrate that the chromosomally encoded EDIN-B isoform from S. aureus contributes to the onset of bacteremia during the course of pneumonia....

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen, especially in children, responsible for community-acquired pneumonia. Although, in most cases, infections caused by this bacterium follow a benign self-limited clinical course, cases of severe r...

Ceftobiprole combines an excellent spectrum for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) pathogens, with a low/medium MDR risk, and the β-lactams’ safety in frail patients admitted to the hospital in internal medicine...

Mycoplasmapneumoniae is one of the major causative pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). M. pneumoniae CAP is clinically and radiologically distinct from bacterial CAPs. One feature of the Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) guidelines is a...

Staphylococcus aureus is an extremely virulent pathogen that is capable of quickly evolving and developing antibiotic resistance. To overcome this problem, new antibiotics have been developed. Some of these have been licenced for use in clinical prac...

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is common among children and can be fatal in certain conditions. In children, CAP can be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Identification of pathogens can help select appropriate therapeutic strategies. Saliv...

Background: Pneumonia is a lung parenchyma acute infection usually treated with antibiotics. Increasing bacterial resistances force the review and control of antibiotic use criteria in different health departments. Objective: Evaluate the adequacy of...

Bakground: The mortality rate from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is high, especially in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to assess the disturbances of glucose and lipid metabolism with in-hospital comp...

The extensive use of fluoroquinolones has been consequently accompanied by the emergence of bacterial resistance, which triggers the necessity to discover new compounds. Delafloxacin is a brand-new anionic non-zwitterionic fluoroquinolone with some s...

Background: Along with important factors that worsen the clinical outcome of COVID-19, it has been described that bacterial infections among patients positive for a SARS-CoV-2 infection can play a dramatic role in the disease process. Co-infections o...

The use of immune suppressive drugs combined with the natural immune suppression caused by SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a surge of secondary bacterial and fungal infections. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of superinfections in hospital...

Pneumonia is a growing problem worldwide and remains an important cause of morbidity, hospitalizations, intensive care unit admission and mortality. Viruses are the causative agents in almost a fourth of cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in...

A large number of monkeypox (MPOX) cases have been reported in Europe and North America in 2022, and a new outbreak of this disease was declared. We describe a case of a patient with probable monkeypox during the height of this epidemic in Poland. Th...

Multi-drug resistance is increasing in the pathogenic bacterium S. pneumoniae, which is mainly responsible for meningitis and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), highlighting the need for new anti-pneumococcal agents. We have identified a potential a...

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of death, with mortality linked to an unbalanced host response. Sirtuin (Sirt)1, a histone deacetylase, regulating metabolism and epigenetics, may be fundamental in activating the innate immune re...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an atypical bacterial pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia primarily among school-aged children and young adults. Camellia oleifera (C. oleifera) has been used as a medicinal and edible plant...

The fast spread of bacteria that are resistant to many classes of antibiotics (multidrug resistant) is a global threat to human and animal health with a worrisome scenario ahead. Novel therapeutical strategies are of crucial importance to combat this...

During infection, myeloid cells are subjected to a fast increase in energy demand. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is a key mediator of glucose metabolism, especially for glycolysis. The present study aimed to investigate GLUT1 expression in monocytes...

People of all ages can contract pneumonia, and it can cause mild to severe disease and even death. In addition to being a major cause of death for elderly people and those with prior medical conditions such as diabetes, it isthe world’s biggest...

Despite innovative advances in anti-infective therapies and vaccine development technologies, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains the most persistent cause of infection-related mortality globally. Confronting the ongoing threat posed by Strept...

A resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)—the leading cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, particularly in children—occurred following the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, macrolide resi...

Tuberculosis (TB) in the pediatric population is a major challenge. Our objective was to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics, radiological patterns, and treatment outcomes of children and adolescents (from 1 month to 17 years) w...

Community-acquired urinary tract infections represent the most common infectious diseases in the community setting. Knowing the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens is crucial for establishing empirical treatment. The aim of the current stu...

Community-acquired pneumonia remains a major contributor to global communicable disease-mediated mortality. Neutrophils play a leading role in trying to contain bacterial lung infection, but they also drive detrimental pulmonary inflammation, when dy...

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains the leading cause of hospitalization among infectious disease in Europe, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In order to determine and characterize the aetiology of CAP in hospitalized adults in Cy...