Cities are significantly warmer than their surrounding rural environments. Known as the ‘urban heat island effect’, it can affect the health of urban residents and lead to increased energy use, public health impacts, and damage to infrast...
There is increasing recognition that plant traits contribute to variations in fire behavior and fire regime. Diversity across species in litter flammability and canopy flammability has been documented in many woody plants. Grasses, however, are often...
Understanding the canopy cover relationship with canopy water content and canopy temperature in the Miombo ecosystem is important for studying the consequences of climate change. To better understand these relationships, we studied the satellite data...
Obtaining average canopy temperature (Tc) by thresholding canopy pixels from on-ground thermal imagery has historically been undertaken using ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ reference surfaces in the field (reference temperature thresholding)...
Canopy temperatures are important for understanding tree physiology, ecology, and their cooling potential, which provides a valuable ecosystem service, especially in urban environments. Linkages between tree species composition in forest stands and a...
A simple statistical model capturing the degree to which different patterns of urban development intensify urban heat islands (UHIs) and stress human health would be useful but has remained elusive. Accurately predicting street-level urban air temper...
Thermal regime warming and increased variability can result in human developed watersheds due to runoff over impervious surfaces and influence of stormwater pipes. This study quantified relationships between tree canopy, impervious surface, and water...
Land surface temperature (LST) is a fundamental physical quantity in a range of different studies, for example in climatological analyses and surface–atmosphere heat flux assessments, especially in heterogeneous and complex surfaces such as veg...
This study addresses a crucial gap in understanding the impact of urban morphologies on the canopy urban heat islands (CUHI) effect. The selection of reference stations lacks a unified standard, and their surface air temperature (SAT) sequences are a...
Precision agriculture aims at optimizing crop production by adapting management actions to real needs and requires that a reliable and extensive description of soil and crop conditions is available, that multispectral satellite images can provide. Th...
There is unprecedented increase in low-temperature stress (LTS) during post-heading stages in rice as a consequence of the recent climate changes. Quantifying the effect of LTS on yields is key to unraveling the impact of climatic changes on crop pro...
In this study, the early stage of European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus, L.) infestation (so-called green attack) is investigated using Landsat-8 optical and thermal data. We conducted an extensive field survey in June and the beginning of Jul...
Typically, fruit cracking in sweet cherry is associated with the occurrence of free water at the fruit surface level due to direct (rain and fog) and indirect (cold exposure and dew) mechanisms. Recent advances in close range remote sensing have enab...
The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of the surface temperatures of urban forest canopies (STUFC) is influenced by many environmental factors, and the identification of interactions between these factors can improve simulations and predictions of...
Newly improved formulations of the bare soil evaporation and the surface temperature are presented, using the multilayer land surface scheme TERRA of the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) atmospheric model. The simulations were carried out...
The latent heat flux, one of the key components of the surface energy balance, can be inferred from remotely sensed thermal infrared data. However, discrepancies between modeled and observed evapotranspiration are large. Thermal cameras might provide...
Forests are some of the major ecosystems that help in mitigating the effects of climate change. Understanding the relation between the surface temperatures of different vegetation and trees and their heights is very crucial in understanding events su...
Canopy stomatal conductance is a key physiological factor controlling transpiration from plant canopies, but it is extremely difficult to determine in field environments. The objective of this study was to develop a radiometric method for calculating...
Summer air temperatures will continue to rise in metropolitan regions due to climate change and urbanization, intensifying daytime and nighttime air temperatures and result in greater thermal discomfort for city dwellers. Urban heat may be reduced by...
Impervious surface temperature is a key parameter in impervious surface energy balance. Urban canopy models are now widely used to simulate impervious surface temperatures, but the physical assimilation method for the urban canopy model is still unde...
To identify and characterize localized urban heat- and cool-island signals embedded within the temperature field of a large urban-climate archipelago, fine-resolution simulations with a modified urbanized version of the WRF meteorological model were...
Trees play a vital role in urban cooling. The present study tested if key canopy characteristics related to tree shade could be used to predict the cooling potential across a range of urban surface materials. During the austral summer of 2018–2...
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is one of the most well documented phenomena in urban climatology. Although a range of measurements and modelling techniques can be used to assess the UHI, the paucity of traditional meteorological observations in urban ar...
The main objective of this study was to identify optimal burner orientation for a newly designed flame cultivator by quantifying the flame temperature distributions of cross, back, and parallel position of burners at different heights of the soybean...
The urban heat island (UHI) effect significantly impacts urban environments, particularly along roads, a phenomenon known as urban linear heat (UHIULI). Numerous factors contribute to roads influencing the UHIULI; however, effective mitigation strate...
A thorough exploration of the micrometeorological aspects influencing canopy temperature in contrasting wheat cultivars can unveil the specific mechanisms of adaptation to heat stress. However, information on wheat microclimates in hot environments f...
The sky view factor (SVF) is an important radiometric parameter for assessing the canopy energy budget of urban areas. There are several methods to determine the SVF observationally. The most common is taking a photo with a digital camera equipped wi...
We apply the principles of atmospheric surface layer dynamics within a vineyard canopy to demonstrate the use of forward-looking infrared cameras measuring surface brightness temperature (spectrum bandwidth of 7.5 to 14 μm) at a relatively high tempo...
Land surface processes play a vital role in the exchange of momentum, energy, and mass between the land and the atmosphere. However, the current model simplifies the canopy structure using approximately three to six parameters, which makes the repres...
In this study, localised and non-uniform urban morphology (UM) and urban fraction (UF) parameters are implemented in a single-layer urban canopy scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale meteorological model. The purpose of this...
Satellite remote sensing provides a rapid and broad-scale means for monitoring vegetation phenology and its relationship with fluctuations in air temperature. Investigating the response of plant communities to climate change is needed to gain insight...
As the world’s urban population increases to the predicted 70% of the total population, urban infrastructure and built-up land will continue to grow as well. This growth will continue to have an impact on the urban heat island effect in all of...
The first European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA collaboration in an airborne campaign to support ESA’s FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX) mission was conducted in North Carolina, USA during September–October 2013 (FLEX-US 2013) at the Parker Tract Loblolly...
In recent years, the impact of surface heat islands in urban street canyons has become increasingly apparent. However, the research on the use of trees to mitigate surface heat islands remains limited. To address this gap, this study combines experim...
Plastic film mulch is an important agricultural technology to reduce water evaporation and modify the soil thermal conditions for crop production. The optical properties of plastic film mulch and the crop canopy growth are both key factors impacting...
The process of urbanization resulting from population growth is causing a transformation of natural landscapes into built environments, and contributing to a significant rise in air and surface temperatures in urban areas, resulting in what is known...
Wind machines based on the air disturbance method are progressively employed to mitigate frost damage within the agricultural machinery frost protection. These devices are utilized during radiative frost nights to disrupt near-surface thermal inversi...
The inversion of land surface component temperatures is an essential source of information for mapping heat fluxes and the angular normalization of thermal infrared (TIR) observations. Leaf and soil temperatures can be retrieved using multiple-view-a...
The increase in built surfaces constitutes the main reason for the formation of the Urban Heat Island (UHI), that is a metropolitan area significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas. The urban heat islands and other urban-induced climate fee...
The current study evaluates the ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) to forecast surface energy fluxes over a region in Eastern Spain. Focusing on the sensitivity of the model to Land Surface Model (LSM) parameterizations, we c...
There is increasing interest in the role of parks as potential cool refuges in the age of climate change. Such potential refuges result from the Park Cool Island (PCI) effect, reflecting the temperature differential between the park and surrounding u...
The conventional Land Surface Temperature (LST)–Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) trapezoid model has been widely used to retrieve vegetation water stress. However, it has two inherent limitations: (1) its complex and computationally inte...
Temperature is the most used meteorological variable for a large number of applications in urban resilience planning, but direct measurements using traditional sensors are not affordable at the usually required spatial density. On the other hand, spa...
This work aims to compare the performance of the single‑(SLUCM) and multilayer (BEP-Building effect parameterization) urban canopy models (UCMs) coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF), along with the application of two urban he...
Physical and climatic variables such as Tree Canopy coverage, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Distance to Roads, Distance to the Coast, Impervious Surface, and Precipitation can affect land surface temperature (LST). This paper examine...
The urban heat island (UHI) is a critical issue in most urbanised areas. Spatial variation of urban air temperature and humidity influences human thermal comfort, the settling rate of atmospheric pollutants, and the energy demand for cooling. UHIs ca...
Sensible heat exchange has important consequences for urban meteorology and related applications. Directional radiometric surface temperatures of urban canopies observed by remote sensing platforms have the potential to inform estimations of urban se...
Quantifying the impact of natural and anthropogenic disturbances such as deforestation, forest fires and vegetation thinning among others on net ecosystem—atmosphere exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor and heat—is an important aspect in the cont...
Urban green infrastructures offer thermal regulation to mitigate urban heat island effects. To gain a better understanding of the cooling ability of transpiring plants at the leaf level, we developed a method to measure the time series of thermal dat...
Pea is a grain legume crop commonly grown in semi-arid temperate regions. Pea is susceptible to heat stress that affects development and reduces yield. Leaf pigments and surface wax in a crop canopy make the primary interaction with the environment a...
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