The term ‘Public Sphere’ is used to distinguish it from the private. Here, we will use the term ‘Public Spaces’ to distinguish between various types of public spheres, differing from one another not only in their controlling i...
The calculation of dissociation constants is an important problem in molecular biophysics. For such a calculation, it is important to correctly calculate both terms of the binding free energy; that is, the enthalpy and entropy of binding. Both these...
This work addresses the role of charge regulation (CR) and the associated fluctuations in the conformational and mechanical properties of weak polyelectrolytes. Due to CR, changes in the pH-value modifies the average macromolecular charge and conform...
In recent years, bifunctional ingredients extracted and utilized from waste by-products as raw materials have received significant attention in the food production process. Previous studies have found that bovine livers possess both antioxidant and e...
The transition from soft to hard law is reshaping global agri-food governance, particularly in relation to sustainability and corporate responsibility. This article analyzes this shift by examining two regulatory approaches: voluntary instruments suc...
Reflecting the focus of this Special Issue on “Rule of Law and Human Mobility in the Age of the Global Compacts,” this article contributes to the discussion on the threats to the rule of law posed by immigration detention through the lens...
Articles 27 and 34 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) recognise Indigenous Peoples’ laws. Art. 34 gives Indigenous Peoples the right to maintain their juridical systems or customs in accordance with i...
Pursuant to the Polish Water Law Act of 2017, lakes are divided into those with flowing and stagnant waters. Such a division, originating from the socialist law, is questioned in the scope of numerous disciplines. One of them is hydrology. The legal...
The consumer distance contract regulated within the European Union was compared to the Roman law solution known by its medieval name as negotium claudicans, thus to the contract with unassisted pupilli (children under the age of puberty, i.e., minors...
While Tunisia endorsed the non-binding Global Compact for Migration (GCM), it has not yet ratified the binding International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW). In view of the overl...
The rule of ecological law is a fitting complement to degrowth. Planetary boundaries of safe operating space for humanity, along with complementary measures and principles, provide scientific and ethical foundations of the rule of ecological law, wh...
The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) does not explicitly refer to sustainable development despite the fact that other United Nations (UN) disarmament documents prescribe that international environmental law principles and sustainable development...
Most early-stage drug discovery projects focus on equilibrium binding affinity to the target alongside selectivity and other pharmaceutical properties. Since many approved drugs have nonequilibrium binding characteristics, there has been increasing i...
This article reviews how children’s rights can be considered a driver of internet governance based on general comment No. 25 (2021) on children’s rights in relation to the digital environment. This instrument translates the rights derived...
This article discusses the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) in the Netherlands and shows how law and politics combine in river basin management. Initially, the implementation of the WFD in the Netherlands was approached as a tech...
Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has become a key issue of increasing concern in the world. Led by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), recent developments focused on the role of port states as the principal ac...
This paper experimentally studies the effects of fly ash on the diffusion, bonding, and micro-properties of chloride penetration in concrete in a water soaking environment based on the natural diffusion law. Different fly ash replacement ratio of cem...
To ensure sustainable development, there is not only a need to re-think how the economic playing field is structured, but also the regulatory system that governs it. Business and finance law reforms will represent a crucial element of such a transiti...
Placing constraints on elected officials is thought to bind their hands and render government policies credible. In turn, credible policies attract investment because investors can extend their policy and regulatory time horizons. Yet, a scholarship...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), as a class of “permanent chemicals” with high environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, have attracted much attention. In this study, we focused on the molecular mechanism of the interacti...
MicroRNAs (miRNA) exert regulatory actions via base pairing with their binding sites on target mRNAs. Cooperative binding, i.e., synergism, among binding sites on an mRNA is biochemically well characterized. We studied whether this synergism is refle...
Several European courts have vested mitigation obligations with a hierarchically higher legal rank than ordinary state action. They construe these obligations from human rights in combination with international commitments and climate science. This p...
The environmental compliance of Chinese corporations is promoted in two main dimensions. On the one hand, based on external pressure from the legal system surrounding national environmental protection, corporations need to adjust their production and...
‘Religion’ still occupies and maintains a position of formal and informal privilege in many current societies. It retains these privileges despite the increasing numbers of people who label themselves ‘non-religious’. There is...
The conservation of fishery resources is a common interest of the international community. In the 1990s, the global fisheries management system was formed based on the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC). In order to achieve s...
30 December 2021
Jehovah’s Witnesses (JWs) are known as a religious group compliant with the national laws in the case of smoking, but not-compliant when it comes to blood treatment. Their beliefs prevent them from taking part in a blood transfusion, which is w...
Marine plastic debris is a common issue faced by the entire international community, with some countries finding it exceptionally difficult to address and combat the issue, including Indonesia and Malaysia. The two neighboring countries are ranked as...
The precautionary principle has been implemented in many fields including environment protection, biological diversity, and climate change. In the field of international nuclear safety regulation, the implementation of this principle is in an ongoing...
This paper reviews the design of the international forest governance and policy, and analyses its impacts in addressing deforestation and forest degradation as global sustainability issues. Informed by literatures on international relations, regulato...
This article assesses and develops policy instruments for forest governance in the EU. Methodologically, it examines opportunities and limits for negative emissions by means of a literature review. On this basis, it conducts a qualitative governance...
Green fintech merges sustainable finance with data-intensive innovation, but national translations of EU rules can create regulatory risk. This study examines how such risk manifests in Central Europe and which policy tools mitigate it. We develop a...
This paper presents a new algorithm that predicts the service life of concrete contains supplementary cementitious materials, SCMs, and determines time of corrosion initiation. The algorithm drives effective diffusivity from an apparent diffusion mod...
The question of how to define the legal status of marine genetic resources (hereinafter MGRs) in areas beyond national jurisdiction (hereinafter ABNJ) is one of the important issues in the negotiation of the International Legally Binding Instrument u...
The study aims at investigating diffusion behaviors between virgin asphalt and recycled asphalt mastic (RAM) at an atomistic scale. Firstly, a mutual diffusion model of virgin asphalt–RAM considering the actual mass ratio of filler to asphalt b...
According to conclusions agreed to in the 1995 Report of the World Summit for Social Development and the 2015 Sustainable Development Summit, seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs) have been ratified and published as the 2030 Agenda for Susta...
In line with the United Nations’ (UN) sustainable development goal, value-based healthcare (VBHC) aims to deliver outcomes that truly matter to patients at a reasonable cost. A reimbursement system in VBHC encourages physicians to refrain from...
Dissipative effects arise in an electronic system when it interacts with a time-dependent environment. Here, the Schrödinger theory of electrons in an electromagnetic field including dissipative effects is described from a new perspective. Dissipatio...
This article examines in detail Advisory Opinion No. 32, issued by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in July 2025. The analysis examines how the decision of the International Court of Justice establishes the principle of intergenerational equi...
The dewatering of dredged sludge is a critical step in the minimization and reutilization of this solid waste. However, there is a lack of available literature on the fundamental drying characteristics of dredged sludge. In this work, two kinds of ty...
The eight member countries of the Central American Integration System (SICA)—Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and the Dominican Republic—are signatories to the Convention for the Protection of World...
Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are used to study the influence of different parameters of variable diameter borehole pressure relief technology on the surrounding rock and support. A strain-softening model was established to analyze th...
Mechanical properties determine the use of two-component polyurethane materials. The compatibility of two components in the polyether polyol-MDI molecular system greatly influences the formation of mechanical properties in polyurethane materials. In...
The binding of integrin proteins to peptide sequences such as arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) is a crucial step in the adhesion process of mammalian cells. While these bonds can be examined between purified proteins and their ligands, live-cell...
The language of gene expression displays topological symmetry. An important step during gene expression is the binding of transcriptional proteins to DNA promoters adjacent to a gene. Some proteins bind to many promoters in a genome, defining a regul...
This article approaches the position of the call to prayer (adhan or azan) in South Africa from the perspective of both legislation and case law. Although only an unamplified adhan has religious status in Islam, Muslim religious authorities (ulama) h...
In Nigeria, the recurring impoverishment and other negative socioeconomic impacts endured by landholders affected by expropriation are well-documented and call into question the Land Use Act’s (LUA) effectiveness in protecting local land rights. The...
The purpose of this study was to develop high-performance wood strand panels for automotive application using resin transfer and compression resin transfer molding technologies. Wood strand preforms bonded with 1%, 5%, and 20% by weight low-density p...
A structure-based lead optimization procedure is an essential step to finding appropriate ligand molecules binding to a target protein structure in order to identify drug candidates. This procedure takes a known structure of a protein-ligand complex...
The origins of the components of genetic coding are examined in the present study. Genetic information arose from replicator induction by metabolite in accordance with the metabolic expansion law. Messenger RNA and transfer RNA stemmed from a templat...
We perform a detailed numerical study of the localization properties of the eigenfunctions of one-dimensional (1D) tight-binding wires with on-site disorder characterized by long-tailed distributions: For large , ...
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