Few researchers have attempted to experimentally evaluate the low-strain shear wave velocity (Vs) of specimens undergoing large strain deformations. They report that the Vs is practically unaffected by the strains, and the reasons behind this behavio...
This paper discusses the application of piezoceramic bender elements (BEs) for measurement of shear wave velocity in the time and frequency domain in a triaxial cell under different isotropic confinement. Different interpretation methods were used in...
The increasing use of finite element analysis in modern infrastructure design emphasizes the importance of determining soil stiffness at small strains. This is usually represented by the normalized shear modulus degradation curve, which is crucial fo...
The small strain shear modulus is an important characteristic of geomaterials that can be measured experimentally using piezoelectric sensors (bender elements). However, most conventional signal interpretation techniques are based on the visual obser...
Wave attenuation is a widespread physical phenomenon in most acoustic tests, but there is a scarcity of quantitative investigations into the influence of wave attenuation on the determination of shear wave travel time in bender element tests. To asce...
The accuracy of the wave signal is key to studying physical information inside the soil using bender-element-type piezoelectric transducers. There is too much noise during the elastic wave signal collected by bender elements, which is caused by facto...
This paper discusses the principal sources of uncertainty in the execution and interpretation of Bender Element (BE) tests conducted on reconstituted sand samples. Based on the experience accumulated by the Geotechnical Laboratory of the University o...
After obtaining the value of shear wave velocity (VS) from the bender elements test (BET), the shear modulus of soils at small strains (Gmax) can be estimated. Shear wave velocity is an important parameter in the design of geo-structures subjected to...
Dynamic compaction has been widely applied to reinforce soft soils in port areas due to its high efficiency and cost-effectiveness. However, a comprehensive understanding of the deformation mechanisms and stiffness evolution of treated soils under st...
During the service of a landfill, uneven soil settlement and earthquakes can cause changes to the pore structure and cracks in the covering layer. The use of a biochar–methanotroph–clay mixture as a new landfill covering layer, can improv...
The paper presents a description of the dynamic properties of cohesive material, namely silty clays, obtained by using one of the applied seismology methods, the bender elements technique. The authors’ aim was to present the dynamics of a porous medi...
This paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation into the effect of non-plastic fines on the correlation between liquefaction resistance and the shear wave velocity of sand. For this purpose, undrained stress-controlled cyclic triaxial a...
This paper examines the effects of collapsible soil structure on shear wave velocity. The study attempts to simulate hydraulic fill sand deposits, which represent a natural soil deposition process that can result in a collapsible soil structure. A se...
This study conducted experimental tests on the undisturbed Nanjing Yangtze River floodplain soft soil using the bender element instrument to determine the maximum dynamic shear modulus of the Yangtze River floodplain overconsolidated soft soil. The G...
Civil engineering faces a substantial challenge when dealing with soft and compressible clayey soils. Conventional soil stabilization techniques involving ordinary Portland cement (OPC) result in notable CO2 emissions. This study explores the utiliza...
Improvement of the engineering properties of soils by reinforcing them with fibers, at an appropriate percentage of the weight of dry soil, is frequently selected to ensure the safe construction and operation of many structures. However, the publishe...
This paper integrates and extends an earlier article presented at the 20th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. The generation of a stiffened zone in the proximity of a geogrid is one of the primary mechanisms of m...
Shear wave velocity (VS) measurements are widely used to characterize geomaterials, evaluate small-strain stiffness, and develop indirect approaches for estimating the liquefaction resistance of various soil types. In this study, the bender element m...
The maximum shear modulus (Gmax) is an important factor determining soil deformation, and it is closely related to engineering safety and seafloor stability. In this study, a series of bender element tests was carried out to investigate the Gmax of a...
Abu Dhabi (ABD) has recently developed its national building code that mandates dynamic analysis of large structures to seismic loadings. Large strain dynamic properties such as shear modulus (G) and damping ratio (D) of local undisturbed calcareous...
This study proposes the use of a non-destructive testing technique, based on piezoelectric bender element tests, to determine the initial and final setting times of metakaolin geopolymer pastes. (1) Background: Metakaolin geopolymer is a new eco-frie...
The propagation characteristics of shear waves in granular sediments are usually used to assess the dynamic response and liquefaction potential of marine engineering foundations. However, the mesoscopic processes by which the excitation frequency inf...
To study the small strain shear modulus (Gmax) of saturated sand-silt mixed soil materials, a series of tests were conducted using the bender element apparatus, and the influences of fines content (FC), relative density (Dr), and effective confining...
Shear wave velocity is an important parameter for estimating soil properties used in analyzing the dynamic response of soil to seismic loading. This paper focuses on developing a model for predicting shear wave velocity in unsaturated soils. The mode...
This study investigates the stabilization of expansive soil using basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, an eco-friendly steel by-product, as an alternative to conventional stabilizers like ordinary Portland cement. By evaluating varying concentrations of...
Recent underwater vehicles can operate with a much lower level of noise, which increases the need for an active sonobuoy with a high detection performance. These active sonobuoys mainly use bender transducers as a projector that emits sound waves. In...
As low-frequency and broadband acoustic emission capability is beneficial to the detection range and acoustic communication speed of small scale autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), this type of transducer is required, especially in cases of complex...
Shear wave velocity and small-strain shear modulus are widely used as the mechanical properties of soil. The objective of this study is to develop a new shear wave monitoring system using a pair of piezoelectric ring benders (RBs) and to evaluate the...
The unclear understanding of the mechanical behavior of soil under unloading conditions is a significant reason for the frequent occurrence of accidents and difficulties in the deformation control of foundation pit engineering in coastal areas. This...
A modified oedometer cell for measuring the applied stresses and elastic waves at the top and bottom of the specimen is developed to evaluate the effect of the side friction on the stress dependence of the elastic wave velocities. In the modified cel...
Interfacial tension varies with temperature. This paper investigates the effects of temperature-dependent interfacial tension on shear wave velocity. We designed a nylon cell equipped with bender elements in a cross-hole configuration to measure the...
The phenomenon of fine particle migration through the voids of the granule skeleton under the seepage force is called suffusion. Relative density, original fine particle content, and gap ratio are thought to play vital roles in the suffusion process....
By anchoring the lower rollers and dynamically adjusting the upper roller’s downfeed of a pyramid roll bender, one can achieve the precise bending of a workpiece into a desired planar form characterized by variable curvature. To ensure the seam...
In this article, a novel design of a piezoelectric dipole transducer is proposed for formation acoustic velocity measurement in the vicinity of a borehole with a frequency range of 0.4–6 kHz. The transducer which actuates a cylindrical shell to...
Commercial exploitation of marine natural gas hydrate (NGH) is crucial for energy decarbonization. However, hydrate production would weaken reservoir mechanical properties and trigger geohazards. Experimental instruments are the basis to obtain the m...
The dynamic properties of compacted non-cohesive soils are desired not only because of the risk of natural sources of dynamic excitations such as earthquakes, but mostly because of the anthropogenic impact of machines that are working on such soils....
Modern construction projects are often challenging, which has increased the demand for innovative materials that ensure improved safety, durability, and functionality. To explore the potential of enhancing soil material functionality, this study synt...
The aim of the present note is to contribute to the search for sustainable binders to be used for soil stabilization purposes. Fly ash and quicklime are added to a clayey soil of low plasticity in different proportions; samples were prepared by wet m...
The significance of small-strain stiffness (Gmax) of saturated composite soils are still of great concern in practice, due to the complex influence of fines on soil fabric. This paper presents an experimental investigation conducted through comprehen...
This paper introduces a novel approach to measure deformations in geomaterials using the recently developed ‘Smart Pebble’ sensors. Smart Pebbles were included in triaxial test specimens of unbound aggregates stabilized with geogrids. The...
Acoustic spiral wavefronts demonstrate linear phase directionality, facilitating precise azimuth estimation in underwater navigation through phase comparison with reference wavefronts characterized by constant phase directionality. The reliability of...
Fly ash, the main component for controlled low-strength material (CLSM), has physical and chemical characteristics according to the resources used in the thermal power plant, and thus fly ash type can influence the physical and strength properties of...
Aluminum alloy tubes are widely used in various industries because of their excellent performance. Up to now, when the tube is bent, the elastoplastic deformation evolution mechanism of the cross-section has not been clear, and no direct analytical p...
This study aims to investigate the shear wave velocity and dynamic characteristics of unsaturated sand–expansive clay liners (SECLs) over a wide range of suctions. Liner layers have gained significant interest as environmentally friendly materi...
Exposed geo−infrastructures filled with compacted soils experience cyclic wetting–drying effects due to environment and underground water fluctuations. Soil physical and mechanical behaviors are prone to deterioration to a great extent, e...
Fine-grained sedimentary deposits can bear an increased risk for building settlements due to their moderate stiffness and strength properties, as well as high groundwater tables. However, some buildings, e.g., situated on shallow foundations in Alpin...
Solid waste recycling challenges civil and environmental engineers to use waste from different industries to exceed sustainable development while meeting current material costs. Combustion slag (CS) is the material resulting from the combustion of ha...
In the current electromechanical model of cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters, the assumption of uniform electric field strength within the piezoelectric layer is commonly made. This uniform electric field assumption seems reasonable since t...