425 Results Found

The use of welded structural hollow sections in civil engineering is relatively new. Design of connections in steel structures with welded structural hollow sections requires a more specified approach, compared to traditional connections achieved wit...

High-torque-density motors are essential in humanoid, wearable, and rehabilitation robots due to their ability to minimize gear ratios, improve back-drivability, and support compact joint design. However, their inherently high back-EMF limits speed p...

The temperature measuring instrument was utilized to monitor the welding temperature field at designated points along steel rectangular hollow sections (RHSs) during welding. A total of 32 temperature monitoring points were established on the four su...

Long cytoplasmic processes of osteocytes orchestrate bone activity by integration of biochemical and mechanical signals and regulate load-induced bone adaptation. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) is a clinically used technique for fracture hea...

The power flow problem in three-phase unbalanced distribution networks is addressed in this research using a derivative-free numerical method based on the upper-triangular matrix. The upper-triangular matrix is obtained from the topological connectio...

There is direct correlation between building powerful destination brands and the degree to which tourists and locals share the brands values. The massive penetration of the active population by Generation Y has generated a major shift in tourism mark...

Recently, due to the decrease in labor force, increase in labor costs, and the desire for improved quality of life, research on robots has been actively conducted to address these issues. However, it is currently difficult to find robots that physica...

This article (case study) discusses the influence of household photovoltaic generation on the voltage quality in a three-phase 0.4 kV grid. The research analyzes remotely acquired data from two specially designed three-phase Y-connected power meters...

The three-phase Y-connected bridgeless rectifier is essentially a nonlinear system, and it is difficult to obtain superior dynamic performance under the action of traditional linear controller. Under the condition of unbalanced power grids, this pape...

Fluoride ion (F⁻) is one of the most hazardous elements in potable water. Over intake of F⁻ can give rise to dental fluorosis, kidney failure, or DNA damage. As a result, developing affordable, equipment-free and credible approaches for F...

This paper describes a prototype of modularized three-phase semiconductor transformer that was developed in the lab for feasibility study. The developed prototype is composed of three units of single-phase semiconductor transformer coupled in Y-conne...

The torque pulsation and speed pulsation of a six-phase induction machine with double Y-connected windings displaced by 30° increase after one phase of the stator winding is open-circuited. To reduce the pulsations, a method of six-phase space ve...

This research focuses on the fabrication and optimization of large-area PM6:D18-CL:Y6 ternary organic solar cells, with a particular emphasis on film thickness, annealing temperature, and the connection configuration’s impact on device performa...

This paper deals with the development of a novel fault-tolerant control technique aiming at the diagnosis and accommodation of inter-turn short circuit faults in permanent magnet synchronous motors for lightweight UAV propulsion. The reference motor...

A fifth-order dynamic continuous model of a linear induction motor (LIM), without considering “end effects” and considering attraction force, was developed. The attraction force is necessary in considering the dynamic analysis of the mech...

This paper discusses the design and analysis of a high-harmonic injection-based field excitation scheme for the brushless operation of wound field synchronous machines (WFSMs) in order to achieve a higher efficiency. The proposed scheme involves two...

Background: Fascial layers may play an important role in locomotor mechanics. Recent researches have revealed an association between increases of fascia thickness and reduced joint flexibility in patients with chronic pain. The purpose of this study...

The restricted edge-connectivity of a connected graph G, denoted by ${\lambda }^{\prime }\left(G\right)$, if it exists, is the minimum cardinality of a set of edges whose deletion makes G disconnected, and each component has at least two vertices. It was proved that ${\&}^{}$...

Let G be a connected graph and g be a non-negative integer. A vertex set S of graph G is called a g-extra cut if $G-S$ is disconnected and each component of $G-S$ has at least $g+1$ vertices. The g-extra connectivity of G is the minimum cardina...

The power graph ${\displaystyle P\left({\mathbb{Z}}_n\right)}$ of ${\displaystyle {\mathbb{Z}}_n}$ for a finite cyclic group ${\displaystyle {\mathbb{Z}}_n}$ is a simple undirected connected graph such that two distinct nodes ${\displaystyle x}$ and ${\displaystyle y}$ in ${\displaystyle {\mathbb{Z}}_n}$ are adjacent in ${\displaystyle P\left({\mathbb{Z}}_n\right)}$ if and only if ${\displaystyle x\ne y}$ and ${\displaystyle x^i=y}$ or ${\displaystyle y^i=x}$ for some non-negative integer ${\displaystyle i}$. In this article,...

A commuting graph is a graph denoted by $\mathcal{C}(G,X)$ where G is any group and X, a subset of a group G, is a set of vertices for $\mathcal{C}(G,X)$ . Two distinct vertices, $x,y\in X$ , will be connected by an edge if the commutativ...

Given a graph G with vertex set $V\left(G\right)$ and edge set $E\left(G\right)$, for the bijective function $f\left(V\right(G\left)\right)\to \{1,2,\cdots ,|V\left(G\right)\left|\right\}$, the associated weight of an edge $xy\in E\left(G\right)$ under f is $w\left(xy\right)=f\left(x\right)+f\left(y\right)$. If all edges have pairwise distinct weights, the function...

This paper is concerned with the general atom-bond sum-connectivity index $AB{S}_{\gamma }$, which is a generalization of the recently proposed atom-bond sum-connectivity index, where $\gamma$ is any real number. For a connected graph G with more than two ve...

Let H be a subgroup of a finite non-abelian group G and $g\in G$. Let $Z(H,G)=\{x\in H:xy=yx,\forall y\in G\}$. We introduce the graph ${\Delta }_{H,G}^g$ whose vertex set is $G\backslash Z(H,G)$ and two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if $x\in H$ or $y\in H$ and...

For a graph $G=(V_G,E_G)$, a degree-based graphical index $G{I}_d$ takes the general form $G{I}_d={\displaystyle \sum _{xy\in E_G}}\varphi (d_x,d_y)$, where $\varphi$ is a symmetric map and $d_i$ is the degree of $i\in V_G$. For $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$, if $\varphi ={\left(d_x{d}_y\right)}^{\alpha }$ (resp. $\varphi ={(d_x+d_y)}^{\mathrm{\&al}}$...

Tire cavity resonance noise (TCRN) is one of main contributors to vehicle interior noise, which has long been a concern in the automotive industry and academia. As suspension is crucial for the propagation of TCRN energy into the vehicle, the propaga...

In this research paper, we deal with the problem of determining the function $\chi :G\to \mathbb{R}$, which is the solution to the maximum functional equation (MFE) $max\{\chi \left(xy\right),\chi \left(x{y}^{-1}\right)\}=\chi \left(x\right)\chi \left(y\right),$ when the domain is a discretely normed abel...

Let G = (V, E) be a connected graph and d(x, y) be the distance between the vertices x and y in G. A set of vertices W resolves a graph G if every vertex is uniquely determined by its vector of distances to the vertices in W. A metric dimension of G...

The aim of this work is to establish a connection between Bohr’s radius and the analytic and normalized solutions of two differential second-order differential equations, namely $y^{″}\left(z\right)+a\left(z\right)y^{\prime }\left(z\right)+b\left(z\right)y\left(z\right)=0$ and $z^2{y}^{″}\left(z\right)+a\left(z\right)y^{\&pri}$...

A graph of order n is called pancyclic if it contains a cycle of length y for every $3\le y\le n$. The connectivity of an incomplete graph G, denoted by $\kappa \left(G\right)$, is $min\left\{\right|W\left|\right|WisavertexcutofG\}$. A graph G is said to be ℓ-connected if the connecti...

A numerical investigation of the mixing performance and fluid flow in a new split and recombine (SAR) $\left(\mathrm{Y}-\mathrm{U}\right)$_β micromixer is presented in this work. A parameter called connecting angle βis varied from 0° to 90° to analyze the effect on the SAR process an...

The topological index (TI), sometimes referred to as the connectivity index, is a molecular descriptor calculated based on the molecular graph of a chemical compound. Topological indices (TIs) are numeric parameters of a graph used to characterize it...

Let S be a Clifford semigroup and A a subset of S. We write $Cay(S,A)$ for the Cayley digraph of a Clifford semigroup S relative to A. The (weak, path, weak path) independence number of a graph is the maximum cardinality of an (weakly, path, weakly pat...

We investigate a novel operator seminorm, ${∥Q∥}_{A,{\mathfrak{m}}_{\lambda },f}$, for an $\mathcal{A}$-bounded operator Q, where $\mathcal{A}$ is a positive operator on a complex Hilbert space $(\mathcal{K},⟨·,·⟩)$. This seminorm is defined using a continuous increasing and bijecti...

The ABS (atom-bond sum-connectivity) index of a graph G is denoted by $ABS\left(G\right)$ and is defined as ${\sum }_{xy\in E\left(G\right)}\sqrt{{(d_x+d_y)}^{-1}(d_x+d_y-2)}$, where $d_x$ represents the degree of the vertex x in G. In this paper, we derive the best possible upper boun...

The partial information decomposition (PID) is a promising framework for decomposing a joint random variable into the amount of influence each source variable $X_i$ has on a target variable Y, relative to the other sources. For two sources, inf...

Mereotopology is a concept rooted in analytical philosophy. The phase-field concept is based on mathematical physics and finds applications in materials engineering. The two concepts seem to be disjoint at a first glance. While mereotopology qualitat...

Historically, the Y chromosome has presented challenges to classical methodology and philosophy of understanding the differences between males and females. A genetic unsolved puzzle, the Y chromosome was the last chromosome to be fully sequenced. Wit...

The electrical energy supply of industrial equipment is provided by electrical power stations with high- (HT), medium- (MV) and low-voltage (LV) busbars. Consumers are connected to either MV or LV busbars. In this paper, a real power station was cons...

Graph theoretic techniques have been widely applied to model many types of links in social systems. Also, algebraic hypercompositional structure theory has demonstrated its systematic application in some problems. Influenced by these mathematical not...

Animal studies show that sleep regulation depends on subcortical networks, but whether the connectivity between subcortical areas contributes to human sleep variability remains unclear. We investigated whether the effective connectivity between the L...

Cobalt catalysts supported on Y zeolite and mesoporized Y zeolite (Y-mod) have been studied in steam reforming of ethanol (SRE). Specifically, the effect of the mesoporosity and the acidity of the y zeolite as a support has been explored. Mesoporous...

While protected areas (PAs) are an important conservation strategy to protect vulnerable ecosystems and species, recent analyses question their effectiveness in curbing deforestation and maintaining landscape connectivity. The spatial arrangement of...

This study introduces and analyzes several new functionals defined on the interval $[0,1]$, which are associated with weighted integral inequalities for geometrically–arithmetically ($GA$) convex functions. Building upon the classical Hermite&ndash...

While master-slave teleoperated robotic systems have extensive applications in practice, the physiological tremors can easily affect the control accuracy and even destroy the stability of the closed-loop control systems during operation. Hence, the d...

In this work, the geometric nature of solutions to two second-order differential equations, $z{\mathtt{y}}^{\prime \prime }\left(z\right)+a\left(z\right){\mathtt{y}}^{\prime }\left(z\right)+b\left(z\right)\mathtt{y}\left(z\right)=0$ and $z^2{\mathtt{y}}^{\prime \prime }\left(z\right)+a\left(z\right){\mathtt{y}}^{\prime }\left(z\right)+b\left(z\right)\mathtt{y}\left(z\right)=d\left(z\right)$, is studied. Here, $a\left(z\right)$, $b\left(z\right)$, and $d\left(z\right)$ are analytic fun...

Three novel Ln(III)-based coordination polymers, {[Ln₂ (2,4-bpda)₃ (H₂O)_x]·yH₂O}_n (Ln = La (III) (1), x = 2, y = 0, Ce (III) (2), Pr (III) (3), x = 4, y = 1) (2,4-H₂bpda = benzophenone-2,4-dicarboxylic acid) have been prepared via a solvothermal met...

The Y chromosome in mammals is variable, even in closely related species. Middle East blind mole rats Nannospalax ehrenbergi demonstrate autosomal variability, which probably leads to speciation. Here, we compare the mitotic and meiotic chromosomes o...

The balanced hypercube network, which is a novel interconnection network for parallel computation and data processing, is a newly-invented variant of the hypercube. The particular feature of the balanced hypercube is that each processor has its own b...

This paper proposes wideband circularly polarized (CP) 1-D connected array antennas with slant slot feeders and gradient artificial dielectric layers (ADLs). The slant slot feeder introduces an identical electric field (E-field) along the x- and y-di...