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673 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,295 Views
26 Pages

AutoQALLMs: Automating Web Application Testing Using Large Language Models (LLMs) and Selenium

  • Sindhupriya Mallipeddi,
  • Muhammad Yaqoob,
  • Javed Ali Khan,
  • Tahir Mehmood,
  • Alexios Mylonas and
  • Nikolaos Pitropakis

18 November 2025

Modern web applications change frequently in response to user and market needs, making their testing challenging. Manual testing and automation methods often struggle to keep up with these changes. We propose an automated testing framework, AutoQALLM...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,199 Views
26 Pages

30 April 2025

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have added a transformative dimension to the social Internet of Things (SIoT), which is the combination of social networks and IoT. With LLMs’ natural language understanding and data synthesis...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
12,846 Views
45 Pages

5 September 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming cybersecurity by enabling intelligent, adaptive, and automated approaches to threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. With their advanced language understanding and contextual re...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
11,698 Views
31 Pages

A Survey of Large Language Models: Evolution, Architectures, Adaptation, Benchmarking, Applications, Challenges, and Societal Implications

  • Seyed Mahmoud Sajjadi Mohammadabadi,
  • Burak Cem Kara,
  • Can Eyupoglu,
  • Can Uzay,
  • Mehmet Serkan Tosun and
  • Oktay Karakuş

9 September 2025

This survey provides an in-depth review of large language models (LLMs), highlighting the significant paradigm shift they represent in artificial intelligence. Our purpose is to consolidate state-of-the-art advances in LLM design, training, adaptatio...

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
18,455 Views
41 Pages

28 March 2025

A Knowledge Graph (KG), which structurally represents entities (nodes) and relationships (edges), offers a powerful and flexible approach to knowledge representation in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). KGs have been increasingly applied in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
574 Views
25 Pages

This interdisciplinary pilot study examines the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, specifically Large Language Models (LLMs) with Prompt Engineering (PE), to analyze economic vulnerability from qualitative self-narratives. Seventy n...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
7,142 Views
22 Pages

14 May 2025

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital transformation is reshaping labor markets, emphasizing creativity as a core competency in entrepreneurship education. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide personalized learning experie...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
10,046 Views
37 Pages

The synthesis of large language models (LLMs) and recommender systems has been a game-changer in tailored content onslaught with applications ranging from e-commerce, social media, and education to health care. This survey covers the usage of LLMs fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access

3 February 2026

Objectives: The industrial production of lanolin alcohol currently employs batch saponification, which suffers from high energy consumption, prolonged processing time, and excessive solid waste generation, rendering it incompatible with green chemist...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,051 Views
17 Pages

Towards AI-Powered Applications: The Development of a Personalised LLM for HRI and HCI

  • Khashayar Ghamati,
  • Maryam Banitalebi Dehkordi and
  • Abolfazl Zaraki

24 March 2025

In this work, we propose a novel Personalised Large Language Model (PLLM) agent, designed to advance the integration and adaptation of large language models within the field of human–robot interaction and human–computer interaction. While...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,556 Views
21 Pages

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text generation, which also raise numerous concerns about their potential misuse, especially in educational exercises and academic writing. Accurately identifying and tracing t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,207 Views
27 Pages

CoReaAgents: A Collaboration and Reasoning Framework Based on LLM-Powered Agents for Complex Reasoning Tasks

  • Zhonghe Han,
  • Jiaxin Wang,
  • Xiaolu Yan,
  • Zhiying Jiang,
  • Yuanben Zhang,
  • Siye Liu,
  • Qihang Gong and
  • Chenwei Song

19 May 2025

As LLMs demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities, LLM-powered agents are seen as key to achieving AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) and are widely applied in various complex real-world scenarios. Nevertheless, existing studies still suffer f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,017 Views
29 Pages

Impact of Chatbots on User Experience and Data Quality on Citizen Science Platforms

  • Akasha-Leonie Kessel,
  • Soror Sahri,
  • Sven Groppe,
  • Jinghua Groppe,
  • Hanieh Khorashadizadeh,
  • Marc Pignal,
  • Eva Perez Pimparé and
  • Régine Vignes-Lebbe

10 January 2025

Citizen science (CS) projects, which engage the general public in scientific research, often face challenges in ensuring high-quality data collection and maintaining user engagement. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) present a promi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,280 Views
30 Pages

Applications and Challenges of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) in Maternal Health: A Multi-Axial Review of the State of the Art in Biomedical QA with LLMs

  • Adriana Noguera,
  • Andrés L. Mogollón-Benavides,
  • Manuel D. Niño-Mojica,
  • Santiago Rua,
  • Daniel Sanin-Villa and
  • Juan C. Tejada

16 October 2025

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has redefined the potential of artificial intelligence in clinical domains. In this context, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems provide a promising approach to enhance traceability, timeliness,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,513 Views
22 Pages

MediScan: A Framework of U-Health and Prognostic AI Assessment on Medical Imaging

  • Sibtain Syed,
  • Rehan Ahmed,
  • Arshad Iqbal,
  • Naveed Ahmad and
  • Mohammed Ali Alshara

13 December 2024

With technological advancements, remarkable progress has been made with the convergence of health sciences and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Modern health systems are proposed to ease patient diagnostics. However, the challenge is to provide AI-based...

  • Review
  • Open Access
32 Citations
16,599 Views
30 Pages

Tracing the Influence of Large Language Models across the Most Impactful Scientific Works

  • Dana-Mihaela Petroșanu,
  • Alexandru Pîrjan and
  • Alexandru Tăbușcă

10 December 2023

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have come into view as one of the most transformative developments in the technical domain, influencing diverse sectors ranging from natural language processing (NLP) to creative arts. Their rise signifie...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
17,225 Views
18 Pages

Resume2Vec: Transforming Applicant Tracking Systems with Intelligent Resume Embeddings for Precise Candidate Matching

  • Ravi Varma Kumar Bevara,
  • Nishith Reddy Mannuru,
  • Sai Pranathi Karedla,
  • Brady Lund,
  • Ting Xiao,
  • Harshitha Pasem,
  • Sri Chandra Dronavalli and
  • Siddhanth Rupeshkumar

18 February 2025

Conventional Applicant Tracking Systems (ATSs) encounter considerable constraints in accurately aligning resumes with job descriptions (JD), especially in handling unstructured data and intricate qualifications. We provide Resume2Vec, an innovative m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
430 Views
26 Pages

29 December 2025

Background: Rare diseases often lead to delayed diagnosis because clinical knowledge is fragmented across unstructured research, individual case reports, and heterogeneous data formats. This study presents ZebraMap, a multimodal knowledge map created...

  • Article
  • Open Access
354 Views
33 Pages

26 December 2025

With the rapid advancement of intelligent manufacturing and digital transformation, assessing the digital transformation and maturity of manufacturing enterprises enables firms to evaluate their digital achievements and establish appropriate transfor...

  • Review
  • Open Access
224 Citations
45,733 Views
23 Pages

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) within the healthcare sector has sparked both enthusiasm and apprehension. These models exhibit the remarkable ability to provide proficient responses to free-text queries, demonstrating a nuanced unders...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,830 Views
15 Pages

Due to the widespread acceptance of ChatGPT, implementing large language models (LLMs) in real-world applications has become an important research area. Such productisation of technologies allows the public to use AI without technical knowledge. LLMs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
792 Views
29 Pages

You Got Phished! Analyzing How to Provide Useful Feedback in Anti-Phishing Training with LLM Teacher Models

  • Tailia Malloy,
  • Laura Bernardy,
  • Omar El Bachyr,
  • Fred Philippy,
  • Jordan Samhi,
  • Jacques Klein and
  • Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

29 September 2025

Training users to correctly identify potential security threats like social engineering attacks such as phishing emails is a crucial aspect of cybersecurity. One challenge in this training is providing useful educational feedback to maximize student...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
15,606 Views
27 Pages

Knowledge Graphs and Their Reciprocal Relationship with Large Language Models

  • Ramandeep Singh Dehal,
  • Mehak Sharma and
  • Enayat Rajabi

The reciprocal relationship between Large Language Models (LLMs) and Knowledge Graphs (KGs) highlights their synergistic potential in enhancing artificial intelligence (AI) applications. LLMs, with their natural language understanding and generative...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,507 Views
24 Pages

LLM Performance in Low-Resource Languages: Selecting an Optimal Model for Migrant Integration Support in Greek

  • Alexandros Tassios,
  • Stergios Tegos,
  • Christos Bouas,
  • Konstantinos Manousaridis,
  • Maria Papoutsoglou,
  • Maria Kaltsa,
  • Eleni Dimopoulou,
  • Thanassis Mavropoulos,
  • Stefanos Vrochidis and
  • Georgios Meditskos

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) in chatbot applications gains momentum. However, to successfully deploy such systems, the underlying capabilities of LLMs must be carefully considered, especially when dealing with low-resource language...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,347 Views
31 Pages

18 June 2025

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP), yet their potential in Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded systems (ESys) applications remains largely unexplored. Traditional IoT interfaces often require speciali...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,456 Views
15 Pages

Large Language Models in Cancer Imaging: Applications and Future Perspectives

  • Mickael Tordjman,
  • Ian Bolger,
  • Murat Yuce,
  • Francisco Restrepo,
  • Zelong Liu,
  • Laurent Dercle,
  • Jeremy McGale,
  • Anis L. Meribout,
  • Mira M. Liu and
  • Bachir Taouli
  • + 5 authors

8 May 2025

Recently, there has been tremendous interest on the use of large language models (LLMs) in radiology. LLMs have been employed for various applications in cancer imaging, including improving reporting speed and accuracy via generation of standardized...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,585 Views
16 Pages

Leveraging Large Language Models for Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria Classification

  • Sujan Ray,
  • Arpita Nath Sarker,
  • Neelakshi Chatterjee,
  • Kowshik Bhowmik and
  • Sayantan Dey

8 April 2025

The advent of transformer technology and large language models (LLMs) has further broadened the already extensive application field of artificial intelligence (AI). A large portion of medical records is stored in text format, such as clinical trial t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6,270 Views
24 Pages

Large language models (LLMs) have become essential in various use cases, such as code generation, reasoning, or translation. Applications vary from language understanding to decision making. Despite this rapid evolution, significant concerns appear r...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
8,582 Views
53 Pages

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in cyber security, enabling automation, threat detection, and adaptive learning. Their ability to process unstructured data and generate context-aware outputs supports both operational tasks...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,538 Views
19 Pages

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have witnessed rapid advancements, revolutionizing various domains. Within the realm of software development, code generation technology powered by LLMs has emerged as a prominent research focus. Despite...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
7,975 Views
18 Pages

An Investigation of Applying Large Language Models to Spoken Language Learning

  • Yingming Gao,
  • Baorian Nuchged,
  • Ya Li and
  • Linkai Peng

26 December 2023

People have long desired intelligent conversational systems that can provide assistance in practical scenarios. The latest advancements in large language models (LLMs) are making significant strides toward turning this aspiration into a tangible real...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,367 Views
16 Pages

3 October 2024

With the launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, large language models have garnered significant attention, and applications based on these models have proliferated. A critical challenge has emerged: how to rapidly enhance the capabilities of general LLMs...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,326 Views
52 Pages

This paper presents a comprehensive review of emerging innovations and future research directions leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for urban data analytics, examining how cities generate, structure, and use information to support planning and...

  • Perspective
  • Open Access
2,041 Views
26 Pages

Pharmacometrics in the Age of Large Language Models: A Vision of the Future

  • Elena Maria Tosca,
  • Ludovica Aiello,
  • Alessandro De Carlo and
  • Paolo Magni

29 September 2025

Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven significant advances in artificial intelligence (AI), with transformative applications across numerous scientific fields, including biomedical research and drug development. However, despite growin...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,360 Views
13 Pages

Exploring the Role of Large Language Models in Melanoma: A Systematic Review

  • Mor Zarfati,
  • Girish N. Nadkarni,
  • Benjamin S. Glicksberg,
  • Moti Harats,
  • Shoshana Greenberger,
  • Eyal Klang and
  • Shelly Soffer

9 December 2024

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the current applications, advantages, and challenges of large language models (LLMs) in melanoma care. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases for studies published up to 2...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,858 Views
30 Pages

31 October 2024

The development of large language models (LLMs) has promoted a transformation of human–computer interaction (HCI) models and has attracted the attention of scholars to the evaluation of personality traits of LLMs. As an important interface for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,686 Views
25 Pages

Recent studies have highlighted the growing integration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare. These technologies have shown promising outcomes across various healthcare tasks, especially in wi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
19,001 Views
17 Pages

9 October 2024

This study examines Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) in large language models (LLMs) and their significant application for undertaking systematic literature reviews (SLRs). RAG-based LLMs can potentially automate tasks like data extraction, summa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,790 Views
18 Pages

Beyond Text Generation: Assessing Large Language Models’ Ability to Reason Logically and Follow Strict Rules

  • Zhiyong Han,
  • Fortunato Battaglia,
  • Kush Mansuria,
  • Yoav Heyman and
  • Stanley R. Terlecky

15 January 2025

The growing interest in advanced large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has sparked debate about how best to use them in various human activities. However, a neglected issue in the debate concerning the applications of LLMs is whether they can rea...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
54 Citations
10,521 Views
24 Pages

Clinical and Surgical Applications of Large Language Models: A Systematic Review

  • Sophia M. Pressman,
  • Sahar Borna,
  • Cesar A. Gomez-Cabello,
  • Syed Ali Haider,
  • Clifton R. Haider and
  • Antonio Jorge Forte

22 May 2024

Background: Large language models (LLMs) represent a recent advancement in artificial intelligence with medical applications across various healthcare domains. The objective of this review is to highlight how LLMs can be utilized by clinicians and su...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,919 Views
28 Pages

SecureLLM: A Unified Framework for Privacy-Focused Large Language Models

  • Konstantinos Kalodanis,
  • Sotirios Papadopoulos,
  • Georgios Feretzakis,
  • Panagiotis Rizomiliotis and
  • Dimosthenis Anagnostopoulos

10 April 2025

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable skills across various activities, including text generation and code synthesis. Their widespread applicability, however, raises substantial concerns about security, privacy, and possibly misuse. Of r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
10,678 Views
31 Pages

Web Application for Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Implementation and Testing

  • Irina Radeva,
  • Ivan Popchev,
  • Lyubka Doukovska and
  • Miroslava Dimitrova

The purpose of this paper is to explore the implementation of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) technology with open-source large language models (LLMs). A dedicated web-based application, PaSSER, was developed, integrating RAG with Mistral:7b, Ll...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,494 Views
19 Pages

In the rapid digital era, artificial intelligence (AI) tools have progressively arisen to shape the education environment. In this context, large language models (LLMs) (i.e., ChatGPT vs. 4.0 and Gemini vs. 2.5) have emerged as powerful applications...

  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
22,373 Views
15 Pages

13 May 2024

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Copilot have led to their integration into various educational domains, including software development education. Regular use of LLMs in the learning process is still not well-resea...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,113 Views
32 Pages

The Use of Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: A Scoping Review on Current Use-Cases and Considerations for Future Works in This Field

  • Ye King Clarence See,
  • Khai Shin Alva Lim,
  • Wei Yung Au,
  • Si Yin Charlene Chia,
  • Xiuyi Fan and
  • Zhenghao Kelvin Li

The advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has resulted in its use permeating many areas of life. Amidst this eruption of scientific output, a wide range of research regarding the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) in ophthalmology...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
12,007 Views
47 Pages

24 March 2025

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) and multimodal large models (MLMs) has introduced transformative opportunities for autonomous driving systems. These advanced models provide robust support for the realization of more intelligent,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
6,077 Views
39 Pages

23 August 2025

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and application of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) in engineering, with a specific focus on chemical engineering. The review traces the historical developmen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
12,555 Views
29 Pages

A Research Landscape of Agentic AI and Large Language Models: Applications, Challenges and Future Directions

  • Sarfraz Brohi,
  • Qurat-ul-ain Mastoi,
  • N. Z. Jhanjhi and
  • Thulasyammal Ramiah Pillai

11 August 2025

Agentic AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming how language is understood and generated while reshaping decision-making, automation, and research practices. LLMs provide underlying reasoning capabilities, and Agentic AI systems use them...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,206 Views
15 Pages

Unlocking the Potentials of Large Language Models in Orthodontics: A Scoping Review

  • Jie Zheng,
  • Xiaoqian Ding,
  • Jingya Jane Pu,
  • Sze Man Chung,
  • Qi Yong H. Ai,
  • Kuo Feng Hung and
  • Zhiyi Shan

(1) Background: In recent years, large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have gained significant attention in various fields, including dentistry. This scoping review aims to examine the current applications and explore potential uses of LLMs in...

  • Review
  • Open Access
58 Citations
15,762 Views
18 Pages

A Review of Large Language Models in Medical Education, Clinical Decision Support, and Healthcare Administration

  • Josip Vrdoljak,
  • Zvonimir Boban,
  • Marino Vilović,
  • Marko Kumrić and
  • Joško Božić

Background/Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential to transform various aspects of healthcare. This review aims to explore the current applications, challenges, and future prospects of LLMs in medical education, clin...

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