1,099 Results Found

The aim of this study is to describe the discordance between the self-perceived risk and actual risk of HIV among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and its associated factors. An online, cross-sectional study was conducted with 405 men recruited...

The objective of this study was to determine the factors that increase the risk of HIV infection in rural school-going adolescents and young adults. This was a cross-sectional study of 430 secondary school students (47.4% boys and 52.6% girls) from...

Persistent high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer. With over 200 circulating genotypes, HPV detection, management, and prevention remain challenging. In Benin, HPV prevalence and genotype distribu...

The human C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) is a molecule primarily expressed on the surface of inflammatory cells, acting as the main HIV co-receptor. In order to penetrate host cells, HIV interacts with both CCR5 and the CD4 molecule during the...

Background: More than one million people acquire sexually transmitted infections (STIs) every day globally. It is possible that predicting an individual’s future risk of HIV/STIs could contribute to behaviour change or improve testing. We devel...

The inaugural AIDS Program in Brazil was established in São Paulo in 1983, with the Instituto Adolfo Lutz appointed for laboratory assistance. Subsequently, research on HIV infections and HIV/HTLV (HIV/HTLV-1 and HIV/HTLV-2) co-infections was...

Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors...

The impact of psychosocial factors on increasing the risk of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) has attracted increasing attention. We aimed to develop and validate an integrated prediction model, especially incorporating emerging ps...

Prevention of type-1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections has primarily been through condom usage, abstinence, and behavioral and risk awareness programs. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications became approved for infection prevention i...

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of genetic factors, i.e., the level of expression and polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors (TLR), to the susceptibility of latent tuberculosis infection in a Russian cohort of individuals in...

Observational evidence links gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis to HIV infection; however, the causal relationship between them has not been established. Mendelian randomization (MR) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses were performed to identify gut mic...

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are at increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation compared to the HIV-negative population. Lithuania belongs to the 18 high-priority TB countries in the Europe...

Introduction: in the review, we aimed to present current knowledge about the risk of infection, standards of care, and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in pediatric patients after non-vertical exposures to HIV, HBV, and HCV infection. Materials and Met...

Despite remarkable improvement in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) care continuum, the rate of late diagnosis of HIV and HCV in high-income countries remains unacceptably high. Testing relies mainly on primary care p...

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of active syphilis infection and explore the risk factors for active syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who had sex with men (MSM) in Zhejiang Province, 2015. Design: Data on HIV-positi...

Cryptosporidium species are intestinal protozoan parasites that infect and cause diarrhoea in animals and humans. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection among HIV-infected patients in...

The incidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasias associated with HPV is rising worldwide. In the general population, this pathology is rare, but individuals living with HIV/AIDS are at a significantly higher risk. We aimed to study HPV infection and...

Women living with HIV-1 are at high risk of infection with human papillomavirus of high carcinogenic risk (HR HPVs). M. tuberculosis (TB) promotes HPV infection and increases the risk to develop HPV-associated cancer. Our knowledge of persisting HR H...

The World Health Organization recommends pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for individuals at substantial risk of HIV infection. The aim of this analysis is to quantify the individual risk of HIV infection over time, using a large database of high-risk...

This study investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with behavioral intention to take up any type of HIV testing and HIV self-testing (HIVST) in the next six months among male migrant workers, who were at high risk of HIV infection, in S...

Prevention of HIV acquisition by blood transfusion from its emergence to the present day is reviewed, and current challenges are delineated. The experience of Fundação Pró-Sangue/Hemocentro de São Paulo, Brazil, is highlig...

Background. With the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLHIV) rapidly approaching that of the general population, cardiovascular health in this group is as relevant as ever. Adenovirus 36 (Adv36) is one of the few viruses suspected to be a c...

Background/Objectives: Accurate surveillance of recent HIV infections is crucial for effective epidemic control and timely intervention. The Limited Antigen Avidity Enzyme Immunoassay (LAg-EIA) allows precise differentiation between recent and long-t...

Systemic or localized infections increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). All types of infection can elevate the risk of VTE thrombosis, although some appear to increase risk more than others. In the current narrative review, we seek to ove...

Background: Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), WLWHs, are at high risk of developing anal cancer associated with high-risk human papilloma virus infection (HR-HPV). We analyzed the prevalence of anal HR-HPV infection and abnormal a...

The increase in HIV infection and drug-resistant strains is an important public health concern, especially in resource-limited settings. However, the identification of factors related to the propagation of infectious diseases represents a crucial tar...

Co-infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) and HIV is not routinely screened for, yet it may significantly influence clinical progression, mortality, and quality of life in affected individuals. This study aimed to est...

(1) Background: Supplementary feeding programs (SFPs) are effective in the community-based treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and prevention of severe acute malnutrition (SAM); (2) Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a sample...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–syphilis co-infection poses a threat to certain populations, and patients may have considerably poorer health outcomes due to these infections. Our objective was therefore to provide a scoping review of the li...

Cyclospora cayetanensis infections remain one of the most common protozoan opportunistic causes of gastrointestinal diseases and diarrhea among people living with HIV and/or AIDS (PLWHA). This study was conducted to provide a summary of the evidence...

Tailoring public health responses to growing HIV transmission clusters depends on accurately mapping the risk network through which it spreads and identifying acute infections that represent the leading edge of cluster growth. HIV transmission links,...

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to occur at high levels. According to the WHO, each year there are an estimated 374 million new infections with syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis. STIs are associated with...

HIV infection is considered to be a lifelong medical condition, requiring follow-up and treatment for decades. HIV-positive men are reported to have erectile dysfunction more often than age-matched healthy controls, and improving sexuality is known t...

Background/Objective: High-risk Human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the leading cause of premalignant lesions and cervical cancer (CC), affecting disproportionally women living with HIV. Mozambique is among the countries with a heavy triple-burden of HIV...

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) constitute a major public health issue in the United States. North Carolina (NC) in the southeastern U.S. ranks among the highest in STI incidence. We aimed to describe the incidence rates and identify potential...

Women living with HIV (WLHIV) are prone to harbor several high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes and to develop cervical cancerous lesions. Data on HPV prevalence in these women are needed to inform immunization programs, especially in Asi...

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide and remains a significant cause of cancer-related mortality. Alcohol consumption is linked to an increased risk of several cancers and is a controversial risk factor for developin...

Genotypic variation in Beijing lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has been associated with hyper virulence and the spread of extensively and multiple drug (X/MDR) resistant MTB strains in Eastern E...

Importance: Commonly used risk assessment tools for cardiovascular disease might not be accurate for HIV-infected patients. Objective: We aimed to develop a model to accurately predict the 10-year cardiovascular disease (CV) risk of HIV-infected pati...

Introduction: Studies on the prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) among newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce and in Nigeria there is paucity of reported data. We determi...

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a significant public health problem due to their impact. Knowledge about them, perceptions of the risk of contracting them, and adherence to prevention strategies such as HPV vaccination ar...

South Africa has the highest HIV prevalence globally, often co-occurring with helminth infections in impoverished regions. The coexistence of these infections leads to immunological interactions, potentially enhancing oncogenesis by upregulating immu...

Background: The number of late diagnoses of HIV remains very high in Poland, leading to a high proportion of patients developing and dying of HIV-related diseases. The main reason for this is the very low utilization of HIV testing. Our analyses aime...

Background: The perception of the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a well-researched phenomenon, but not in relation to cyberchondria and health literacy. Therefore, our aim was to examine the association between the assessment of th...

Objective: To evaluate the risk of histological high-grade cervical lesions defined as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who had low-grade squamous intraepithelial l...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are at a higher risk for co-infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Treponema pallidum (TP; the agent causing syphilis) than the general population. The prevalence of H...

Sub-Saharan Africa concentrates the burden of HIV and the highest adolescent fertility rates. However, there is limited information about the impact of the interaction between adolescence and HIV infection on maternal health in the region. Data colle...

Background: Respiratory tract candidiasis, primarily caused by Candida species, is a prevalent opportunistic fungal infection in individuals with HIV/AIDS. A high HIV viral load is considered a significant risk factor for developing respiratory funga...

Trends in and risk factors for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with active tuberculosis were analyzed. The clinical data of M. tuberculosis and HIV-coinfected pat...

Even when receiving combination antiretroviral therapy, women living with HIV are at high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and/or cervical lesions, including cancer. Using data from the PapilloV prospective cohort, we evaluated the preval...