2026 May - 107 articles
Gold and silver nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention in SERS detection due to their excellent plasmonic properties. In this study, a high-performance SERS substrate was successfully prepared by a liquid–liquid self-assembly strategy...
Dual-comb ranging enables rapid, high-precision absolute distance measurements, but its performance is constrained by intrinsic phase noise, which induces temporal jitter and degrades pulse-to-pulse mutual coherence. Here, we propose a deep learning...
Laser sources emitting light at 1064 nm enable key applications in lidar, quantum photonics, and remote sensing, where high-extinction-ratio intensity modulation is desired to suppress the leakage light at the “off” states during modulati...
To investigate the polarization characteristics of AlO molecular emission in femtosecond laser-induced aluminum plasma, AlO molecular spectra were generated by irradiating an aluminum target with a femtosecond laser. The experimental results revealed...
While spatially transmissive or reflective metasurfaces have achieved unprecedented wavefront control in free space, the paradigm shift toward on-chip waveguide-integrated architectures presents novel challenges for constructing compact and scalable...
The systematic influence of signal electrode width on electro-optic bandwidth and insertion loss in L-type traveling-wave lithium niobate modulators has not yet been comprehensively quantified, limiting the parametric engineering design of this devic...
Volume phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) are high-performance dispersive elements characterized by high diffraction efficiency and low noise. When used as dispersive components in imaging spectrometers for CO2 detection, they can significantly enhan...
The utilization of electro-optic modulators in engineering is progressively expanding. In this paper, an automated inverse design framework is proposed for traveling-wave electrode electro-optic modulators (EOM). It addresses key challenges in modula...
Spaceborne detection of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) requires extremely high radiometric accuracy, and the polarization characteristics of an ultra-wide swath spaceborne fluorescence ultraspectral camera directly affect the accuracy o...
In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a sensitivity-enhanced sensing interrogation scheme based on an Optoelectronic oscillator (OEO), in which a switchable dual-passband microwave photonic filter (MPF) is introduced into the loop. The switchable...
In response to the demands for planetary material detection, in this study, we propose an optical system for a compact remote Raman–LIBS (CRBS, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) combined spectrometer based on liquid lens focusing. This syst...
Traditional numerical simulation methods struggle to accurately characterize the transmission characteristics of finished photonic lanterns that contain manufacturing errors. This paper proposes a method for characterizing photonic lantern devices us...
We introduce the two-point propagation field (TPPF)—a real-valued, phase-sensitive quantity defined as the functional derivative of the single-photon detection probability with respect to an infinitesimal opaque perturbation placed between the...
The progress made in several fields after 2023 is rather significant. Attenuation achieved by the best HCFs was reduced to 0.05–0.10 dB/km at 1550 nm, while the lowest attenuation achieved in a single-mode fiber with a pure silica core equals 0...
Non-diffracting beams play crucial roles in the field of free-space optical communication due to their robust resistance to distortion in atmospheric turbulence. As a non-diffracting beam characterized by multiple parameters, the Tricomi beam exhibit...
Ultrafast physical random bit generators (PRBGs) are essential components for modern applications in secure communication, quantum cryptography, encrypted optical fiber sensing and artificial intelligence. While optical chaos-based PRBGs offer high-s...
Conventional chiral metasurfaces are typically restricted to a single resonant wavelength, which limits their ability to satisfy the requirements of broadband detection and multi-channel polarization manipulation. To overcome this limitation, this st...
This preliminary study explored circadian variations in meridian-associated skin temperature using infrared thermal imaging (IRTI). Four healthy adults receive a two-hour IRTI measurement alternately over a 24 h period, with thermal images acquired e...
Terahertz (THz) fingerprint detection is central to identifying characteristic absorption fingerprints of biomolecules derived from their intrinsic rotational and vibrational modes. The development of guided-mode resonance (GMR) technology together w...
Photobiomodulation (PBM), the therapeutic application of red to near-infrared light, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in preclinical CNS models, yet clinical translation remains inconsistent. This systematic review synthesises evidence for PB...
This study evaluated quantitative accuracy of the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and the associated radiation dose reduction achieved by applying the fast non-local means (FNLM) algorithm to non-electrocardiography (ECG)-gated, low-dose chest c...
Multi-photoelectric tracking systems (MPTSs) provide high-precision line-of-sight (LOS) angles for long-range passive tracking, with each photoelectric tracking system (PTS) delivering bearing-only measurements. In practice, image-based target extrac...
Accurate long-term forecasting of Quality of Transmission (QoT) is critical for the proactive operation and condition-aware management of dynamic elastic optical networks. However, the evolution of QoT is governed by multi-scale dynamics, including s...
Multi-band circular dichroism (CD) with spectral tunability is highly desirable for chiral metasurface-based sensing and polarization control. In this work, we propose a mid-infrared (MIR) metal–insulator–metal (MIM) chiral metasurface ab...
Bessel beams, one of the four known types of beams that are exact solutions of the Helmholtz equation, are remarkable with their non-diffracting nature. In reality, generated with real (Gaussian) laser beams with finite transverse profiles, Bessel-Ga...
High-power thulium-doped fiber lasers (TDFLs) operating near 2050 nm are of great interest for applications including atmospheric gas sensing and free-space optical communication owing to the favorable atmospheric transmission and the strong absorpti...
Thin-film interference in photoresist stacks can become a significant source of uncertainty in lithographic focus metrology, particularly when high measurement stability is required. To evaluate this effect, a Fresnel-based multilayer reflection mode...
To explore the strong coupling between surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) and quantum dots in one-dimensional periodic microstructures for quantum information processing, we establish a comprehensive theoretical model for SPhPs at air–polar diel...
We propose a terahertz achromatic polarization-multiplexed structured light metasurface based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, operating from 0.8 to 0.95 THz. A dielectric silicon meta-atom array combined with propagation phase mod...
In this paper, we investigate the propagation properties of a partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam by effective beam parameters in oceanic turbulence. We provide detailed analytical derivations based on the extended Huygens–Fresn...
This study proposes a novel hybrid prediction model (QGCN-LSTM) that combines Quantum Graph Convolutional Networks (QGCN) with classical Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The model takes space-time data as input and employs a hierarchical graph-based qu...
Accurate modeling of irradiance scintillation is important for evaluating underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems operating in oceanic turbulence. Existing studies have mainly focused on weak oceanic turbulence conditions, while irra...
In this work, we propose a novel transformer-based deep learning model for the design of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) metasurfaces, which consists of a forward network to predict transmission spectra from structural parameters and a...
The design of photodetectors tailored to specific wavelengths in the mid-infrared (MIR) band serves as a foundational enabler for advancements in scientific research, industrial inspection, and environmental monitoring. Metasurfaces, composed of arti...
Due to the lack of rotational symmetry, off-axis two-mirror freeform optical systems usually exhibit coupled alignment degrees of freedom and poor sensitivity-matrix conditioning, which increase the difficulty of alignment. To address this issue, a g...
The rapid advancement of beyond-5G and 6G services is creating computational challenges that classical optimisation methods for Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) cannot effectively handle. Specifically, the multi-objective Routing and Spectrum Assignme...
We present the integration of an automated polarization control system into a figure-eight fiber laser with the aim of self-tuning noise-like pulses (NLPs). The system optimizes polarization adjustments by using adaptive control and predictive neural...
Continuous-spectrum illumination induces severe channel crosstalk and resolution degradation in color imaging systems. To address this issue, this paper introduces near-monochromatic LED illumination matched to the lens design wavelength and proposes...
To address the demand for low-cost, low-loss, and environmentally friendly optical power dividers in short-range visible light communication (VLC) systems, a low-loss 1 × 2 Y-branch optical splitter based on the integration of a planar optical...
In single-photon detection, dark count represents a critical limitation, particularly for high-sensitivity applications. Conventional estimators based on the binary per-gate observable become ill-conditioned when the dark count per-gate probability a...
Single-frequency fiber lasers (SFFLs) are essential for applications such as gravitational wave detection, high-precision spectroscopy, and inertial confinement fusion, requiring narrow linewidth, low noise, and high output power. Here, we present a...
This study investigates the 2.0 μm luminescence efficiency of Tm3+-doped crystals under 793 nm excitation. An analytical model decomposing laser slope efficiency into the quantum defect, fluorescence quantum efficiency (
A reconfigurable broadband signal channelized reception technique based on parallel Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs) is proposed. In the upper branch, the unknown broadband signal is modulated onto the ±1st-order sidebands of a frequency-s...
We extended self-similar amplification to a large-mode-area tapered Yb-doped fiber (LMA T-YDF) with longitudinally decreasing nonlinearity. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation demonstrate that T-YDFs with different nonlinearity profiles...
A reflective plasmonic humidity sensor based on an Au–PVA–Au nanohole sandwich structure is investigated. The device consists of a periodic gold nanohole array, a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) spacer, and a continuous gold film. A humidity-de...
Biplane single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables three-dimensional (3D) super-resolution imaging by extracting the axial position of fluorophores from a pair of emission patterns detected at two axially separated planes. The separation...
In this paper, to reduce system complexity and improve performance, we propose a novel compact photonic quantization scheme based on dual-output Mach–Zehnder modulators (DOMZMs). By exploiting the complementary outputs of DOMZMs and introducing...
Optical tweezers (OTs) serve as a core contactless manipulation tool at the micro- and nano-scale, with wide applications in physics, biology, colloid science and other fields. However, conventional single-beam gradient force OTs are limited by diffr...
To address the need for high electrical insulation, strong immunity to electromagnetic interference, and miniaturized AC electrical-signal detection in complex electromagnetic environments, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a fiber-optic sens...
This paper proposes a Misalignment Differential Vortex Beam Interferometer (MD-VBI) integrated with DenseNet-169 for high-precision asymmetric shaft alignment. The system employs a polarization-multiplexed differential configuration to linearly map n...
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