Light as a Cure: Photobiomodulation and Photodynamic Therapy

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 2422

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Interests: laser acupuncture; bio-photonic system design
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Photonics Special Issue aims to publish research on photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapy. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), using low-level lasers or LEDs, stimulates cellular function to promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation and pain. As part of integrative medicine, PBMT can play an important role in alternative and complementary therapies, enhancing patient-centered care. The main challenge for medical professionals is rare diseases that are resilient and hard to treat. Rare disease patients often experience chronic or neuropathic pain. Applications of PBMT for treating rare diseases are very welcome. The combination of chronobiology and PBMT is also welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following (research articles, case reports, review papers):

  • The evidence of chronobiology;
  • The combined treatment of PBMT and chronobiology;
  • New wearable devices implemented with PBMT or light (LED) acupuncture;
  • PBMT combined face diagnosis;
  • PBMT applied to intractable diseases;
  • Any kind of diseases treated with PBMT;
  • Combined therapy with PBMT;
  • Animal models: the mechanisms of PBMT;
  • New devices applied to PBMT.

Dr. Jih-Huah Wu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • photobiomodulation
  • laser acupuncture
  • combined therapy
  • chronobiology
  • wearable device for PBMT
  • rare diseases treated with PBMT
  • face diagnosis
  • photodynamic therapy
  • traumatic brain injury
  • pain relief
  • inflammation reduction
  • enhanced healing
  • synergistic approach in integrative care
  • mind–body interventions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1066 KB  
Article
Effect of 635 nm Photobiomodulation on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Randomized Split-Mouth Clinical Trial
by Jacek Matys, Rafał Flieger, Aneta Olszewska, Mateusz Wolny, Kinga Grzech-Leśniak, Michał Kulus and Wojciech Dobrzyński
Photonics 2026, 13(4), 321; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13040321 - 26 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of 635 nm photobiomodulation on the rate and magnitude of maxillary canine distalization following extraction of the maxillary first premolars in adult patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized, controlled, split-mouth clinical trial [...] Read more.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of 635 nm photobiomodulation on the rate and magnitude of maxillary canine distalization following extraction of the maxillary first premolars in adult patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized, controlled, split-mouth clinical trial included 18 adult patients undergoing extraction-based orthodontic treatment for Class II malocclusion. Maxillary first premolars were extracted, and canine distalization was performed using nickel–titanium closed-coil springs delivering a constant force of 150 g, supported by orthodontic mini-implants providing absolute anchorage. Photobiomodulation was applied on one randomized side using a 635 nm diode laser operating at 100 mW in continuous-wave mode, with an 8 mm handpiece diameter. Laser irradiation was delivered in contact mode to two application sites per session corresponding to the buccal and palatal aspects of the maxillary canine root, with an exposure time of 60 s per site. Irradiation was performed according to a predefined schedule over a 45-day observation period, while the contralateral side served as a sham-treated control. Tooth movement was assessed by repeated measurements of inter-bracket distance. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the effects of treatment, time, and their interaction on tooth movement dynamics. Results: The linear mixed-effects model revealed a significant interaction between treatment and time (p < 0.001), indicating a greater rate of canine distalization on the photobiomodulation-treated side compared with the control side. Treatment and time also demonstrated significant main effects. After 45 days, the mean cumulative canine displacement was approximately 1.6 mm greater on the photobiomodulation side than on the control side. Age and sex did not significantly influence tooth movement. Conclusions: Photobiomodulation at a wavelength of 635 nm significantly increased the rate of maxillary canine distalization in adult extraction cases over a 45-day observation period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Light as a Cure: Photobiomodulation and Photodynamic Therapy)
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15 pages, 7747 KB  
Article
Effects of Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation on Local Skin Blood Flow in Healthy Subjects
by Misbah Riaz, Patrick Christian Bösch, Marte Kierulf Åm, Reinold Ellingsen, Dag Roar Hjelme, Sven Magnus Carlsen and Sverre Christian Christiansen
Photonics 2026, 13(2), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020119 - 27 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Photobiomodulation causes an immediate increase in local blood flow. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 890 nm NIR exposure on local skin blood flow in young and middle-aged healthy subjects. In this placebo-controlled clinical trial, 12 young and 12 middle-aged subjects [...] Read more.
Photobiomodulation causes an immediate increase in local blood flow. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 890 nm NIR exposure on local skin blood flow in young and middle-aged healthy subjects. In this placebo-controlled clinical trial, 12 young and 12 middle-aged subjects received either continuous or intermittent NIR exposure (890 nm, 5.1 mW/cm2, 4.6 J/cm2, and 35.9 J total energy) on the skin of the upper lateral arm. The continuous exposure experiment, performed in young subjects only, applied 30 min of continuous NIR light. The intermittent exposure experiment, conducted in both age groups, applied NIR light through 10 cycles of 3 min NIR exposure and 2 min OFF (for recording blood flow), resulting in a total duration of 50 min. Laser Doppler flowmetry and thermal images were used to monitor local blood flow and skin temperature. In young subjects, continuous NIR exposure significantly increased blood flow for the first 20 min post-exposure compared to placebo. Further, in young and middle-aged subjects, intermittent exposure increased blood flow during the whole exposure period and 15 min post-exposure. In young subjects, blood flow after continuous NIR exposure was significantly higher than intermittent NIR exposure only for the first 10 min. Comparing intermittent exposure between the two age groups, the blood flow was significantly higher in middle-aged subjects. We conclude that NIR PBM increases local skin blood flow in young and middle-aged subjects. The mode of NIR irradiation and the subjects’ age influenced the local skin blood flow response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Light as a Cure: Photobiomodulation and Photodynamic Therapy)
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