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Photonics
Volume 13
Issue 5
10.3390/photonics13050507
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Self-Assembly of Au-Ag Nanoparticles for High-Performance SERS Detection of Thiram in Environmental Water Samples

by
Jiali Liu
1,
Jiafan Liu
2,
Lianxiu Yu
1,
Yeqi Fang
1,
Li Jiang
1,*,
Zheng Ma
2 and
Jie Hu
3,*
1
College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2
Key Laboratory of Microbiological Metrology, Measurement & Bio-Product Quality Security, State Administration for Market Regulation, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
3
Stem Cell Translation Laboratory, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Photonics 2026, 13(5), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13050507
Submission received: 20 April 2026 / Revised: 15 May 2026 / Accepted: 19 May 2026 / Published: 21 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Developments in Optoelectronic Materials and Devices)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Gold and silver nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention in SERS detection due to their excellent plasmonic properties. In this study, a high-performance SERS substrate was successfully prepared by a liquid–liquid self-assembly strategy. Driven by the Marangoni effect, Au-Ag nanoparticles spontaneously form a uniform and dense monolayer structure on the silicon wafer, constructing an efficient plasmon ”hotspot” region, which significantly improves the detection sensitivity of the substrate. The performance of the SERS substrate was systematically evaluated using CV and Me B as Raman probe molecules. The results show that the substrate exhibits an excellent enhancement effect and good SERS sensitivity for both probe molecules. The characteristic vibration peak can be clearly identified, and the detection limit (LOD) of crystal violet is 6.76 × 10−11 M. The substrate was applied to detect thiram residues in lake water with a LOD of 1.084 × 10−7 M, achieving highly sensitive detection. This study shows that Au-Ag nanoparticles deposited on silicon wafers by liquid–liquid self-assembly strategy can be used as a high-performance SERS substrate. It can be used for rapid and sensitive detection of thiram pesticide residues in water, and provides an efficient and feasible analysis tool for water environment safety monitoring.
Keywords: SERS; liquid–liquid self-assembly; thiram SERS; liquid–liquid self-assembly; thiram

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Liu, J.; Liu, J.; Yu, L.; Fang, Y.; Jiang, L.; Ma, Z.; Hu, J. Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Self-Assembly of Au-Ag Nanoparticles for High-Performance SERS Detection of Thiram in Environmental Water Samples. Photonics 2026, 13, 507. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13050507

AMA Style

Liu J, Liu J, Yu L, Fang Y, Jiang L, Ma Z, Hu J. Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Self-Assembly of Au-Ag Nanoparticles for High-Performance SERS Detection of Thiram in Environmental Water Samples. Photonics. 2026; 13(5):507. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13050507

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liu, Jiali, Jiafan Liu, Lianxiu Yu, Yeqi Fang, Li Jiang, Zheng Ma, and Jie Hu. 2026. "Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Self-Assembly of Au-Ag Nanoparticles for High-Performance SERS Detection of Thiram in Environmental Water Samples" Photonics 13, no. 5: 507. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13050507

APA Style

Liu, J., Liu, J., Yu, L., Fang, Y., Jiang, L., Ma, Z., & Hu, J. (2026). Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Self-Assembly of Au-Ag Nanoparticles for High-Performance SERS Detection of Thiram in Environmental Water Samples. Photonics, 13(5), 507. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13050507

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