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Photonics
Special Issues
Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications
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Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 4173

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qi Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
Interests: fiber optics; sensors and instrumentation; additive manufacturing
Dr. Chen Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
Interests: development of fiber-optic and microwave devices for sensing applications in harsh environments
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical fiber sensors have been widely researched and developed for energy, defense, environmental, biochemical and industry sensing applications. In general, optical fiber sensors are capable of operating under extreme environmental conditions, such as high temperature, high pressure and toxic/corrosive/erosive atmospheres. However, optical fiber sensors are also fragile and easy to break. It has been a challenging task to fabricate and package optical fiber sensors with a predictable performance and the desired reliability under harsh conditions.

This Special Issue invites manuscripts that introduce recent advances in “Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications”. All theoretical, numerical, and experimental papers are welcome. Topics can include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Structural health monitoring;
  • Advanced fiber-optic sensor manufacturing techniques;
  • AI for fiber-optic sensing applications;
  • Advanced fiber-optic sensors for high-temperature applications;
  • Advanced fiber-optic sensors for environmental monitoring;
  • Sensing materials for fiber-optic sensing applications;
  • Fiber-optic chemical sensors;
  • Multi-parameter fiber-optic sensors;
  • Dynamic and static fiber-optic sensors.

Dr. Qi Zhang
Dr. Chen Zhu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fiber-optic sensor
  • fiber-optic sensing technology
  • advanced manufacturing technique
  • structural health monitoring
  • single-point sensing
  • ai for optical fiber sensing
  • distributed sensing
  • environmental monitoring
  • harsh environment sensing technique

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 5319 KiB  
Article
High-Stability PGC-EKF Demodulation Algorithm Integrated with a Phase Delay Compensation Module
by Hengyang Zhao, Feng Zhu, Xiaoxiao Xu, Zongling Zhao and Chuanlu Deng
Photonics 2025, 12(1), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12010044 - 6 Jan 2025
Viewed by 673
Abstract
To effectively eliminate the nonlinear distortion caused by the modulation depth (C value) drift and carrier phase delay (θ) in the phase-generated carrier (PGC) demodulation scheme, the PGC-PDC-EKF joint algorithm is presented, which combines phase delay compensation (PDC) with an [...] Read more.
To effectively eliminate the nonlinear distortion caused by the modulation depth (C value) drift and carrier phase delay (θ) in the phase-generated carrier (PGC) demodulation scheme, the PGC-PDC-EKF joint algorithm is presented, which combines phase delay compensation (PDC) with an extended Kalman filter (EKF). The θ is accurately extracted and compensated by the PDC module. Furthermore, with the EKF algorithm, the harmonic distortion of the demodulated signal due to the fluctuation of C value is suppressed. The experimental results indicate that θ is compensated accurately with a resolution of 0.01745 rad. The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SINAD) of the improved scheme reaches 54.01 dB, which is 18.03 dB higher than the PGC-Arctan algorithm on average. The total harmonic distortion (THD) is as low as −62.28 dB, which is 26.04 dB lower than the PGC-Arctan algorithm. The linearity of the demodulation system exceeds 99.99%. The proposed method provides a significant reference for demodulation schemes of interferometric fiber optic sensing systems in practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications)
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15 pages, 4143 KiB  
Article
Digitalized Optical Sensor Network for Intelligent Facility Monitoring
by Esther Renner, Lisa-Sophie Haerteis, Joachim Kaiser, Michael Villnow, Markus Richter, Torsten Thiel, Andreas Pohlkötter and Bernhard Schmauss
Photonics 2025, 12(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12010018 - 28 Dec 2024
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Due to their inherent advantages, optical fiber sensors (OFSs) can substantially contribute to the monitoring and performance enhancement of energy infrastructure. However, optical fiber sensor systems often are standalone solutions and do not connect to the main energy infrastructure control systems. In this [...] Read more.
Due to their inherent advantages, optical fiber sensors (OFSs) can substantially contribute to the monitoring and performance enhancement of energy infrastructure. However, optical fiber sensor systems often are standalone solutions and do not connect to the main energy infrastructure control systems. In this paper, we propose a solution for the digitalization of an optical fiber sensor system realized by the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA) protocol and the Internet of Things (IoT) platform Insights Hub. The optical fiber sensor system is based on bidirectional incoherent optical frequency domain reflectometry (biOFDR) and is used for the interrogation of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) arrays. To allow for an automated sensor identification and thus measurement procedure, an optical sensor identification marker based on a unique combination of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is established. To demonstrate the abilities of the digitalized sensor network, a field test was performed in a power plant test facility of Siemens Energy. Temperature measurements of a packaged FBG sensor fiber were performed with a portable demonstrator, illustrating the system’s robustness and the comprehensive data processing stream from sensor value formation to the cloud. The realized network services promote sensor data quality, fusion, and modeling, expanding opportunities using digital twin technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications)
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10 pages, 4190 KiB  
Communication
Research on High-Frequency PGC-EKF Demodulation Technology Based on EOM for Nonlinear Distortion Suppression
by Peng Wu, Qun Li, Jiabi Liang, Jian Shao, Yuncai Lu, Yuandi Lin, Tonglei Wang, Xiaohan Li, Zongling Zhao and Chuanlu Deng
Photonics 2024, 11(9), 801; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11090801 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 966
Abstract
In this study, a phase-generated carrier (PGC) demodulation algorithm combined with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm based on an electro-optic modulator (EOM) is proposed, which can achieve nonlinear distortion (such as modulation depth drift and carrier phase delay) suppression for high-frequency phase [...] Read more.
In this study, a phase-generated carrier (PGC) demodulation algorithm combined with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm based on an electro-optic modulator (EOM) is proposed, which can achieve nonlinear distortion (such as modulation depth drift and carrier phase delay) suppression for high-frequency phase carrier modulation. The improved algorithm is implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware platform. The experimental results by the PGC-EKF method show that total harmonic distortion (THD) decreases from −32.61 to −54.51 dB, and SINAD increases from 32.59 to 47.86 dB, compared to the traditional PGC-Arctan method. This indicates that the PGC-EKF demodulation algorithm proposed in this paper can be widely used in many important fields such as hydrophone, transformer, and ultrasound signal detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications)
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Review

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20 pages, 7404 KiB  
Review
Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Smart Grid Application
by Xiaofeng Zhang, Jun Qi, Xiao Liang, Zhen Guan, Zeguang Liu, Chang Zhang, Dabin Chen, Weifeng Deng, Changzhi Xu, Xinwei Wang and Huanhuan Liu
Photonics 2025, 12(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12010007 - 25 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1329
Abstract
Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) promises great application prospects in smart grids due to its superior capabilities, including resistance to electromagnetic interference, long-distance coverage, high sensitivity and real-time monitoring. In this paper, we review the research progress and application status of DAS technology [...] Read more.
Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) promises great application prospects in smart grids due to its superior capabilities, including resistance to electromagnetic interference, long-distance coverage, high sensitivity and real-time monitoring. In this paper, we review the research progress and application status of DAS technology in power systems, focusing on its applications in areas such as the wind-induced vibration detection of transmission lines, partial discharge monitoring, transformer condition monitoring, and underwater cable and renewable energy transmission monitoring, as well as in the safety and protection of surrounding power facilities. Addressing the challenges currently faced by DAS technology in the smart grid, including detection accuracy, system cost, and data processing capability, this paper analyzes its major technical bottlenecks and proposes future research directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Optical Fiber Sensors for Harsh Environment Applications)
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