A new imaging technique called photoacoustic imaging (PAI) combines the advantages of ultrasound imaging and optical absorption to provide structural and functional details of tissues. It has broad application prospects in the accurate diagnosis and...
According to the different classifications now in use, thymic tumours are staged by the extent of local invasiveness, and tumour size is not included as a major determinant for the T category. The aim of this double-site retrospective study is to ana...
A brain tumour is one of the major reasons for death in humans, and it is the tenth most common type of tumour that affects people of all ages. However, if detected early, it is one of the most treatable types of tumours. Brain tumours are classified...
The paper was devoted to the application of saliency analysis methods in the performance analysis of deep neural networks used for the binary classification of brain tumours. We have presented the basic issues related to deep learning techniques. A s...
Histological diagnosis of Canine Mammary Tumours (CMTs) provides the basis for proper treatment and follow-up. Nowadays, its accuracy is poorly understood and variable interpretation of histological criteria leads to a lack of standardisation and imp...
Precise classification of brain tumors is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment, but obtaining tumor masks is extremely challenging, limiting the application of traditional methods. This paper proposes a brain tumor classification model based on...
Of the various tumour types, colorectal cancer and brain tumours are still considered among the most serious and deadly diseases in the world. Therefore, many researchers are interested in improving the accuracy and reliability of diagnostic medical...
Brain tumour disease develops due to abnormal cell proliferation. The early identification of brain tumours is vital for their effective treatment. Most currently available examination methods are laborious, require extensive manual instructions, and...
This paper presents a hybrid study of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), machine learning (ML), and transfer learning (TL) in the context of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The anatomy of the brain is very complex; inside the skull, a brai...
Deep learning has surged in popularity in recent years, notably in the domains of medical image processing, medical image analysis, and bioinformatics. In this study, we offer a completely autonomous brain tumour segmentation approach based on deep n...
Ultrasound elastography can quantify stiffness distribution of tissue lesions and complements conventional B-mode ultrasound for breast cancer screening. Recently, the development of computer-aided diagnosis has improved the reliability of the system...
Immunohistochemistry remains an indispensable tool in diagnostic surgical pathology. In parathyroid tumours, it has four main applications: to detect (1) loss of parafibromin; (2) other manifestations of an aberrant immunophenotype hinting towards ca...
Background: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), in its 8th edition, introduces modifications to the previous TNM classification, incorporating tumour depth of invasion (DOI). The aim of this research is to analyse the prognosis (in terms o...
Brain tumours (BTs) are among the most dangerous and life-threatening cancers in humans of all ages, and the early detection of BTs can make a huge difference to their treatment. However, grade recognition is a challenging issue for radiologists invo...
A generalisation of the Lie symmetry method is applied to classify a coupled system of reaction-diffusion equations wherein the nonlinearities involve arbitrary functions in the limit case in which one equation of the pair is quasi-steady but the oth...
Background: Practices in somatic variant interpretation and classification vary between Canadian clinical molecular diagnostic laboratories, and understanding of current practices and perspectives is limited. To define gaps and future directions, inc...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterised by the breakdown of cartilage, causing pain, stiffness, and limited movement. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management but remains challenging due to non-specific early symp...
Background/Objectives: Accurate classification of primary bone tumors from radiographic images is essential for early diagnosis, appropriate treatment planning, and informed clinical decision-making. While deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ha...
Classifying brain tumour transcriptomic data is crucial for precision medicine but remains challenging due to high dimensionality and limited interpretability of conventional models. This study benchmarks three image-based deep learning approaches, D...
The categorisation of desmoplastic reaction (DR) present at the colorectal cancer (CRC) invasive front into mature, intermediate or immature type has been previously shown to have high prognostic significance. However, the lack of an objective and re...
In most diagnostic laboratories, targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) is currently the default assay for the detection of somatic variants in solid as well as haematological tumours. Independent of the method, the final outcome is a list of vari...
Difficulty in detecting tumours in early stages is the major cause of mortalities in patients, despite the advancements in treatment and research regarding ovarian cancer. Deep learning algorithms were applied to serve the purpose as a diagnostic too...
Studies have demonstrated correlations between accumulations of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), especially of M2-like phenotype, and increased mortality in advanced breast cancer. We investigated the prognostic potential of both main macrophage...
Malignant tumours are traditionally classified according to their organ of origin and whether they are of epithelial (carcinomas) or mesenchymal (sarcomas) origin. By histological appearance the site of origin may often be confirmed. Using same treat...
Mast cell disorders range from benign proliferations to systemic diseases that cause anaphylaxis and other diverse symptoms to mast cell neoplasms with varied clinical outcomes. Mastocytosis is the pathologic process of the accumulation of abnormal m...
Figure 1 was reproduced without the correct copyright permissions from the copyright holder (Medical Sciences) [...]
The stomach is an ideal organ to study because the gastric juice kills most of the swallowed microbes and, thus, creates rather similar milieu among individuals. Combined with a rather easy access to gastric juice, gastric physiology was among the fi...
With brain tumour incidence increasing, there is an urgent need for better diagnostic tools. Intraoperatively, brain tumours are diagnosed using a smear preparation reported by a neuropathologist. These have many limitations, including the time taken...
This study focuses on the major challenges in ensuring the timely assessment and accurate diagnosis of brain tumors (BTs), which are essential for effective patient treatment. Hence, in this paper, a time-efficient, automated, and advanced deep learn...
The possible association between COVID-19 and the development of complicated sinusitis in paediatric populations was noted during the COVID-19 pandemic, but understanding of this disease process is still developing. In Perth, Western Australia, a dis...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is vital in diagnosing brain tumours, offering crucial insights into tumour morphology and precise localisation. Despite its pivotal role, accurately classifying brain tumours from MRI scans is inherently complex due...
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and poses a significant health risk to women globally. Developments in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems are focused on specific tasks of classification and segmentation, but few studies i...
Brain tumour detection and classification are life-saving steps for humanity. There are many medical imaging techniques that can identify abnormal brain diseases. These include nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasound, X-rays, radionuclides, lasers, el...
Diffuse gliomas cause significant morbidity across all age groups, despite decades of intensive research efforts. Here, we review the differences in diffuse gliomas in adults and children, as well as the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021 classific...
Cancer of the brain is most common in the elderly and young and can be fatal in both. Brain tumours can heal better if they are diagnosed and treated quickly. When it comes to processing medical images, the deep learning method is essential in aiding...
(1) Background: The classification of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) is not currently standardized. The aim of this review was to evaluate pelvic LRRC according to the Beyond TME (BTME) classification system and to consider commonly associate...
Rare glial, neuronal and glioneuronal tumours in adults form a heterogeneous group of rare, primary central nervous system tumours. These tumours, with a glial and/or neuronal component, are challenging in terms of diagnosis and therapeutic managemen...
The current understanding of radical hysterectomy more is centered on the uterus and little is being discussed about the resection of the vaginal cuff and the paracolpium as an essential part of this procedure. This is because that the current classi...
Gastric carcinoma is generally considered to be a rare disease in dogs, carrying a grave prognosis. However, in the Tervueren and Groenendael varieties of the Belgian Shepherd dog breed, the disease is highly prevalent. While histopathology is the go...
Paediatric high-grade gliomas are among the most common malignancies found in children. Despite morphological similarities to their adult counterparts, there are profound biological and molecular differences. Furthermore, and thanks to molecular biol...
Endometrial stromal tumours (ESTs) are rare, intriguing uterine mesenchymal neoplasms with variegated histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics. Morphologically, ESTs resemble endometrial stromal cells in the proliferative...
Testicular tumours are the most common tumours found in young males and germ cell tumours account for 95% of testicular tumours. Ultrasound is the first-line radiological investigation for imaging of the testis. This article outlines how to undertake...
In 2016, the World Health Organisation Classification (WHO) of Tumours was updated with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour (DLGNT) as a provisional unit of mixed neuronal and glial tumours. Here, we report a DLGNT that has been re-diagnosed w...
Soft tissue sarcomas are one of the most commonly diagnosed tumours arising in the skin and subcutis of our domestic cats, and are malignant neoplasms with a range of histological presentations and potential biological behaviours. However, unlike the...
Background: Non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma is a malignancy traditionally found in the sinonasal cavity. To our knowledge, this case is the first reported of this rare condition originating in the nasopharynx. Case Presentation: A 67-year-old woma...
The World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues [...]
Aim: To improve identification of peritoneal and distant metastases in locally advanced gastric cancer using [18F]FDG-PET radiomics. Methods: [18F]FDG-PET scans of 206 patients acquired in 16 different Dutch hospitals in the prospective multicentre P...
Human solid malignancies harbour a heterogeneous set of cells with distinct genotypes and phenotypes. This heterogeneity is installed at multiple levels. A biological diversity is commonly observed between tumours from different patients (inter-tumou...
This study addresses the limitations of conventional breast cancer diagnosis using ultrasound imaging and machine learning. Using KAGGLE data, we applied preprocessing techniques to identify tumour features. VGGNET16 demonstrated 90% accuracy, simpli...
The concept of gray-zone lymphoma (GZL) has been progressively refined since its introduction in the literature in 1998. For several years, it was applied to a rather broad spectrum of conditions, posing the problem of the differential diagnosis betw...
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