9,691 Results Found

This study tested and evaluated a suite of nine individual base learners and seven model averaging techniques for predicting the spatial distribution of soil properties in central Iran. Based on the nested-cross validation approach, the results showe...

Land surface temperature (LST) plays a fundamental role in various geophysical processes at varying spatial and temporal scales. Satellite-based observations of LST provide a viable option for monitoring the spatial-temporal evolution of these proces...

Accurate average flow velocity determination is essential for flow measurement in many industries, including automotive, chemical, and oil and gas. The ultrasonic transit-time method is common for average flow velocity measurement, but current limita...

In this study, I investigate the necessary condition for the consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of spatial models with a spatial moving average process in the disturbance term. I show that the MLE of spatial autoregressive and spat...

The price of market products is the result of the interaction of supply and demand. However, within the same country, prices can vary significantly, especially during crisis periods. The purpose of this study is to identify patterns in the changing s...

Estimating the AAR (Areal Average Rainfall) is an essential process when determining the accurate amount of available water resources and building the input data which is integral to the Rainfall-Runoff Analysis. To estimate the AAR, using rain gauge...

Malware detection of non-executables has recently been drawing much attention because ordinary users are vulnerable to such malware. Hangul Word Processor (HWP) is software for editing non-executable text files and is widely used in South Korea. New...

A neural network-based object detection algorithm has the advantages of high accuracy and end-to-end processing, and it has been widely used in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ship detection. However, the multi-scale variation of ship targets, the com...

The downward surface shortwave radiation (DSSR) received by an inclined surface can be estimated accurately based on the mountain radiation transfer model by using the digital elevation model (DEM) and high-resolution optical remote sensing images. H...

Spatial accessibility to healthcare services is commonly determined by three core components: demand, supply, and traffic speed. Although understanding which factors contribute to accessibility changes can help prioritize interventions to enhance acc...

Wireless power transfer (WPT) via magnetic resonance offers efficient electrical power transfer, making it an increasingly attractive option for charging electric vehicles (EVs) without conventional plugs. However, EV charging requires a transfer pow...

Intuitively, one would expect a more skillful forecast if predicting weather averaged over one week instead of the weather averaged over one day, and similarly for different spatial averaging areas. However, there are few systematic studies of averag...

The impact of average wages on electricity consumption among urban residents in China has generated many fascinating debates for scholarly research, but only a few studies have considered the spatial spillover effect of average wages on residential e...

Studying the temporal and spatial evolution trends in earthquakes in an area is beneficial for determining the earthquake risk of the area so that local governments can make the correct decisions for disaster prevention and reduction. In this paper,...

In this study, we define the $S_0$ value (buffer zone area centred on a meteorological station) and two inhomogeneity measurement parameters, the station domain area and station network density, for 89 weather stations in the Xinjiang region, and we con...

Spatial variability of soil parameter distribution is crucial to calculating the pile foundation failure probability. Traditional reliability design methods describe the dispersion degree of soil parameters with their point variance without consideri...

Releasing mosquitoes infected with the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia to invade and replace the wild populations can effectively interrupt dengue transmission. Recently, a reasonable discrete competitive non-spatial model was developed and the con...

In recent years, attention has been given to the construction and development of new educational centers, but their spatial distribution across the cities has received less attention. In this study, the Average Nearest Neighbor (ANN) and the optimize...

To explore the spatial distribution characteristics of soil physical properties and soil erosion in sloping farmland with ridges in the black soil areas of northeast China, sloping farmland with ridges built with woven bags (RW) along the contour lin...

In this paper, we present a practical partitioned intelligent-reflecting-surface-aided transmit spatial modulation (PIRS-TSM) scheme, where spatial modulation is implemented at the transmitter and partitioning is conducted on the IRS to enhance the s...

The existing inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging algorithms for ship targets with complex three-dimensional (3D) rotational motion are not applicable because of continuous change of image projection plane (IPP), especially under low signa...

Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, or SIF, is a part of the natural process of photosynthesis. SIF can be measured from space by instruments such as the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), making it a useful proxy for monitoring gross primary...

Siting an offshore wind project is considered a complex planning problem with multiple interrelated objectives and constraints. Hence, compactness and contiguity are indispensable properties in spatial modeling for Renewable Energy Sources (RES) plan...

Accurate and timely estimations of large-scale population distributions are a valuable input for social geography and economic research and for policy-making. The most popular large-scale method to calculate such estimations uses mobile phone data. W...

Spatial and temporal uncertainties are found in data for many critical applications. This paper describes the use of interval-based representations of some spatial and temporal information. Uncertainties in the information can arise from multiple sou...

This paper analyzes the most relevant spatial-temporal stochastic properties of benchmark synthetic mobility models. Each pattern suffers from various mobility flaws, as will be shown by the models’ validation. A set of metrics is used to descr...

A novel approach to underwater optical wireless coherent communications using liquid crystal spatial light modulators (LC-SLMs) and an aperture averaging lens, in combination with optical phased-array (OPA) antennas, is presented. A comprehensive cha...

An experiment was conducted to explore the flickering parameters under varying mass flow rate of fuel $\dot{m}$ _F with spatial analysis and global analysis. The parameters include mean value, flickering weighted average frequency F, flickering coe...

The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) for Bayesian inference is an efficient approach to estimate the posterior marginal distributions of the parameters and latent effects of Bayesian hierarchical models that can be expressed as latent G...

Extreme precipitation events are often localized, difficult to predict, and available records are often sparse. Improving frequency analysis and describing the associated uncertainty are essential for regional hazard preparedness and infrastructure d...

China’s transportation industry has made great achievements in the past 40 years of reform and opening up. At the same time, it has gradually accumulated a series of problems. These problems have led to closer and more complex social and econom...

Rockfall inventories are essential to quantify a rockfall activity and characterize the hazard. Terrestrial laser scanning and advancements in processing algorithms have resulted in three-dimensional (3D) semi-automatic extraction of rockfall events,...

This paper applies the generalised linear model for modelling geographical variation to esophageal cancer incidence data in the Caspian region of Iran. The data have a complex and hierarchical structure that makes them suitable for hierarchical analy...

Changes in the spatial distributions of vegetation across the globe are routinely monitored by satellite remote sensing, in which the reflectance spectra over land surface areas are measured with spatial and temporal resolutions that depend on the sa...

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is increasingly used in studies for medical applications as it provides both structural and functional information of biological tissue, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. Recently, HSI cameras (HS...

Investigating the impact of field plot size on the performance of estimation models for forest inventory attributes could help optimize the technical schemes for an operational airborne LiDAR-assisted forest resource inventory. However, few studies o...

The objective of this paper was to construct a numerical stochastic model of the spatial field of the average daily wind chill index on an irregular grid defined by the location of the weather stations. It is shown in the paper that the field in ques...

Location error and false alarm are noticeable problems in fiber distributed acoustic sensing systems based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR). A novel method based on signal kurtosis is proposed to locate and discrimina...

This study investigates the impact of various economic sectors on household income in Thailand. It is conducted in light of the substantial “digital wallet” scheme initiated by the Thai government, with the goal of providing empirical evi...

In the recent years, Free Space Optics (FSO) technology has attracted significant research and commercial interest mostly because of its many advantages in comparison with other radio systems used for point-to-point connections. However, the reliable...

Due to invariance to significant intensity differences, similarity metrics have been widely used as criteria for an area-based method for registering optical remote sensing image. However, for images with large scale and rotation difference, the robu...

Digital soil maps can be used to depict the ability of soil to fulfill certain functions. Digital maps offer reliable information that can be used in spatial planning programs. Several broad types of data mining approaches through Digital Soil Mappin...

Selecting the optimal locations and timing for prescribed burning is challenging when considering uncertainties in weather, fire behavior, and future fire suppression. In this study, we present a sample average approximation (SAA) based multistage st...

Spectral analysis of terrain height variance is conducive to quantitatively study the terrain characteristics and grid-size selection for mesoscale models. Improved topographic resolutions can lead to the variations of terrain characteristics and the...

In this article, the interpolation of daily data of global solar irradiation, and the maximum, average, and minimum temperatures were measured. These measurements were carried out in the agrometeorological stations belonging to the Agro-climatic Info...

Due to the importance of road transport an adequate identification of the various road network levels is necessary for an efficient and sustainable management of the road infrastructure. Additionally, traffic values are key data for any pavement mana...

Detecting Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) through imaging remains challenging due to limited sensitivity in current methods. This study addresses the gap by proposing a novel approach integrating deep-learning algorithms and advanced image-fusion tech...

Detecting the spatial organization patterns of urban networks with multiple traffic flows from the perspective of complex networks and traffic behavior will help to optimize the urban spatial structure and thereby promote the sustainable development...

Urban managers and decision-makers may approach Urban Environmental Quality (UEQ) assessment with perspectives that range from highly pessimistic to highly optimistic scenarios. The objective of this study was to introduce a scenario-driven spatial d...

As the demand for high-speed, low-latency communication continues to grow, free-space optical (FSO) communication has gained prominence as a promising solution for supporting the next generation of wireless networks, especially in the context of the...