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Mathematics
Volume 13
Issue 9
10.3390/math13091503
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

A Partitioned IRS-Aided Transmit SM Scheme for Wireless Communication

by
Liping Xiong
1,2,
Yuyang Peng
1,*,
Ming Yue
1,
Haihong Wei
1,
Runlong Ye
1,
Fawaz AL-Hazemi
3 and
Mohammad Meraj Mirza
4
1
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
2
School of Electronic Information, Dongguan Polytechnic, Dongguan 523109, China
3
Department of Computer and Network Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mathematics 2025, 13(9), 1503; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091503
Submission received: 18 February 2025 / Revised: 21 April 2025 / Accepted: 30 April 2025 / Published: 2 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Complexity in 6G: Measures, Advanced Models and Mathematical Algorithms to Face New Challenges in the New Communication Paradigm Development)
Versions Notes

Abstract

In this paper, we present a practical partitioned intelligent-reflecting-surface-aided transmit spatial modulation (PIRS-TSM) scheme, where spatial modulation is implemented at the transmitter and partitioning is conducted on the IRS to enhance the spectral efficiency (SE) and reliability for multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems. The theoretical analysis of average bit error rate (ABER) based on maximum likelihood (ML) detection and the computational complexity analysis are provided. Experimental simulations demonstrate that the PIRS-TSM scheme obtains a significant ABER enhancement under the same SE compared to the existing partitioned IRS-aided transmit space shift keying or generalized space shift keying schemes by additionally carrying modulated symbols. Moreover, the system performances with different configurations of antenna numbers and symbol modulation orders under the same SE are investigated as a practical application reference.
Keywords: partitioned intelligent reflecting surface (PIRS); spatial modulation (SM); spectral efficiency (SE); average bit error rate (ABER) partitioned intelligent reflecting surface (PIRS); spatial modulation (SM); spectral efficiency (SE); average bit error rate (ABER)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xiong, L.; Peng, Y.; Yue, M.; Wei, H.; Ye, R.; AL-Hazemi, F.; Mirza, M.M. A Partitioned IRS-Aided Transmit SM Scheme for Wireless Communication. Mathematics 2025, 13, 1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091503

AMA Style

Xiong L, Peng Y, Yue M, Wei H, Ye R, AL-Hazemi F, Mirza MM. A Partitioned IRS-Aided Transmit SM Scheme for Wireless Communication. Mathematics. 2025; 13(9):1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091503

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiong, Liping, Yuyang Peng, Ming Yue, Haihong Wei, Runlong Ye, Fawaz AL-Hazemi, and Mohammad Meraj Mirza. 2025. "A Partitioned IRS-Aided Transmit SM Scheme for Wireless Communication" Mathematics 13, no. 9: 1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091503

APA Style

Xiong, L., Peng, Y., Yue, M., Wei, H., Ye, R., AL-Hazemi, F., & Mirza, M. M. (2025). A Partitioned IRS-Aided Transmit SM Scheme for Wireless Communication. Mathematics, 13(9), 1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091503

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