We study the relationship between the physical surface roughness of the glossy surfaces of dielectric objects and the roughness parameter in image rendering. The former refers to a measure of the microscopic surface structure of a real object’s...
Biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces have become a focal point of recent research, driven by their promise in diverse applications. Among these, the lotus and rose effects are of particular interest due to their contrasting adhesion characteristics....
We examine the effect of rough surfaces on crystal nucleation by means of kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Our work makes use of three-dimensional kMC models, explicit representation of transport in solution and rough surfaces modeled as randomly var...
Surface roughness has an important influence on the wettability of particles. This paper is an innovative exploration to control the surface wettability of apatite and dolomite from the perspective of roughness in the background of phosphate flotatio...
The implant surface features affect the osseointegration process. Different surface treatment methods have been applied to improve the surface topography and properties. Trace of different elements may appear on the implant surface, which can modify...
Ice protection techniques have attracted significant interest, notably in aerospace and wind energy applications. However, the current solutions are mostly costly and inconvenient due to energy-intensive and environmental concerns. One of the appeali...
Surface roughness is a terrain parameter that has been widely applied to the study of geomorphological processes. One of the main challenges in studying roughness is its highly scale-dependent nature. Determining appropriate mapping scales in topogra...
Surface roughness is one of the main factors that affect the ultrasonic testing of micro-cracks. This article theoretically analyzes the relationship between the changes in the energy intensity of crack echo waves and roughness-modified transmission...
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of contact surface roughness on the performance characteristics of M12-type electrical contacts, with particular emphasis on current and thermal derating parameters. Three samples were prepared, all made from t...
Surface roughness is an important factor influencing subsea cable/umbilical–soil interaction. The cable/umbilical goes through several steps before being laid on the seabed, including production, spooling, unspooling, and installation on the se...
Arterial stenosis is a problem of immediate significance, as cardiovascular disease is the number one leading cause of death worldwide. Generally, the study of stenotic flow assumes a smooth, curved stenosis and artery. However, the real situation is...
The surface-electrode ion trap is one of the most promising devices to realize large-scale and integrated quantum information processing. However, a series of problems are faced in the micro-nano fabrication of surface-electrode ion traps. A prominen...
Molecular dynamics simulation is applied to study the electroosmotic flow in rough nanochannels, with particular attention given to the fluid–solid interactions. In the simulation, the surface roughness is characterized by a fractal Cantor. The roles...
Higher contact angles or amplified wettability observed on surfaces of rough solid materials are typically expressed as a function of a physical dimension (roughness factor). Herein, we present a simple experimental approach that demonstrates that ro...
This study presents the results of research on the surface quality of hybrid sandwich structures after milling with a diamond blade tool. It identifies the effects of feed and machining strategy on the roughness and topography of the surface. It prov...
Hollow sinking experiments and tensile tests were conducted to clarify the evolution of surface roughness during hollow sinking. Stainless steel tubes (outer diameter: 1.5 mm; wall thickness: 0.045 mm) featuring a single grain spanning the wall thick...
Terrestrial laser scanning can provide high-resolution, two-dimensional sampling of soil surface roughness. While previous studies demonstrated the usefulness of these roughness measurements in geophysical applications, questions about the number of...
Surface morphology and surface roughness are very important properties used to assess the quality of grind-hardening surfaces. In this study, grind-hardening tests for 42CrMo steel were designed using the response surface methodology to reveal the su...
Laser surface texturing has proven beneficial in improving tribological performance in different lubrication regimes. However, the interaction between plateau roughness and surface texture remains to be further investigated, even though rough surface...
This article deals with the problems that arise during the evaluation of the surface of the components, which can have a fundamental impact on the functionality and service life of the component as well as the entire product. A fast method for estima...
3D surface roughness measurement is still a less mature procedure than its 2D version. The size of the evaluation area is not as standardized as the measurement length in the 2D version. The purpose of this study is to introduce a method for minimizi...
Traditional non-destructive measurement of surface roughness exploits complete data of bidirectional reflective distribution function (BRDF). The instrument is normally bulky and the process should be conducted off-line, hence it is time-consuming. I...
Wood constitutes a unique and valuable material that has been used from ancient times until nowadays in a wide variety of applications, in which the surface quality of wood often constitutes a critical factor. In this study, the influence of differen...
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate human osteoblast (HOB) responses towards different degrees of titanium (Ti) implant surface roughness. Methods: Four degrees of Ti surface roughness were investigated on a micrometer roughness scale: smooth...
High-purity magnesium (Mg) is a promising biodegradable metal for oral and maxillofacial implants. Appropriate surface roughness plays a critical role in the degradation behavior and the related cellular processes of biodegradable Mg-based metals. Ne...
Due to its wide applicability in industry, devising microstructures on the surface of materials can be easily implemented and automated in technological processes. Laser Surface Texturing (LST) is applied to modify the chemical composition, morpholog...
This paper describes a study of the quantify surface roughness of experimentally manufactured particleboards and sandwiched panels having fibers on the surface layers. Surface quality of specimens before and after being overlaid with thin melamine im...
Sport pitches have to meet high requirements and are highly maintained. To reduce the costs, vertically incorporated biodegradable nonwoven should raise water from the drainage layer to the root zone. To incorporate the nonwoven in existing sport pit...
In turning, tool wear and cutting vibration are inevitable, which have great influence on surface quality. Analyzing the influence mechanism of tool wear and cutting vibration on surface quality is important to achieve the accurate prediction of surf...
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-conventional machining technique, capable of processing any kind of conductive material. Recently, it has been successfully utilized for producing hydrophobic characteristics in inherently hydrophilic met...
An experimental investigation of the surface quality of the Poly-Jet 3D printing (PJ-3DP) process is presented. PJ-3DP is an additive manufacturing process, which uses jetted photopolymer droplets, which are immediately cured with ultraviolet lamps,...
Titanium alloy materials are used in a variety of engineering applications in the aerospace, aircraft, electronics, and shipbuilding industries, and due to the continuous improvement of the contemporary age, surface integrity needs to be improved for...
Sea-surface roughness length is a key parameter for characterizing marine atmospheric boundary layer. Although aerodynamic roughness lengths for homogeneous land and open water surfaces have been examined extensively, the extension of relevant knowle...
Current studies are focused on the correlation between characteristic features extracted from the laser speckle pattern of machined surfaces and 2D surface roughness parameters. Since milled surfaces are 3D in nature, 3D surface roughness parameters...
Metal cutting processes are important due to increased consumer demands for quality metal cutting related products (more precise tolerances and better product surface roughness) that has driven the metal cutting industry to continuously improve quali...
Thermoplastic materials are sensitive to humidity, temperature variations, enzyme activities, and cyclic loading. All these factors can cause changes to the mechanical properties of the material. The aim of this study was to determine the influence o...
Surface quality is crucial for precise micro-Vickers hardness measurements. Current standards provide limited quantitative guidance on acceptable surface roughness levels. This study examines the impact of varying surface roughness levels on measured...
Dynamical systems play a vital role in studying highly non-linear phenomena. One of the families of the dynamical systems is integer sequences. There is an integer sequence called Q-sequence: Q(n) = Q(n − Q(n − 1)) + Q(n − Q(n − 2)); for n = 3, 4, …;...
This study proposes a federated learning-based real-time surface roughness prediction framework for WEDM to address issues of empirical parameter tuning and data privacy. By sharing only the model parameters, cross-machine training was enabled withou...
In physical engineering, a rock surface, whether naturally or artificially formed, is rough. When irradiating rocks, microwaves produce reflections and diffractions on the surface of rough rocks, which significantly affect the absorption of microwave...
A methodology is implemented to deform the surface of a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) exposed to an external magnetic field by means of data matrix manipulation of the surface. The elastomer surface is created randomly using the Garcia and Stoll...
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether any coating material would have a beneficial influence on maintaining color stability and surface roughness and to what extent an uncoated resin composite can keep its original color. The study eval...
The purpose of this in vitro study is to compare the roughness and gloss of four resin-modified CAD/CAM ceramics after different surface treatments. Forty-eight specimens (1.20 × 12 mm2) were prepared from Lava Ultimate (LU), Vita Enamic (VE),...
In today’s developing aircraft and automotive industry, extremely durable and wear-resistant materials, especially in high temperatures, are applied. Due to this practical approach, conventional materials have been superseded by composite materials....
Generally, the characterization of land surface roughness is obtained from the analysis of height variations observed along transects (e.g., root mean square (RMS) height, correlation length, and autocorrelation function). These surface roughness mea...
Injection molding technology is widely utilized across various industries for its ability to fabricate complex-shaped components with exceptional dimensional accuracy. However, challenges related to injection quality often arise, necessitating innova...
The root mean square surface roughness Rq of metals is detrimental in several microwave applications. Rq characterization methods are thus largely used and of great interest. In this work, a new dielectric loaded resonator (DR) design is proposed to...
Characterization of surface integrity is possible with three critical metrics: microstructure, surface roughness, and residual stress. The latter two are discussed in this paper for low-alloyed aluminum material quality. Ball burnishing is a regularl...
In this study, a physics-based analytical method was proposed for the prediction of upper surface roughness in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The temperature distribution and molten pool shape in the melting process were first predicted by an analyt...
The fatigue strength and fatigue life of high-strength steels are greatly affected by their surface roughness. This study investigates the underlying mechanisms responsible for fatigue failure of the high-strength steel 42CrMo. Bending fatigue tests...
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