Phosgene (COCl2) was once used as a classic suffocation poison and currently plays an essential role in industrial production. Due to its high toxicity, the problem of poisoning caused by leakage during production, storage, and use cannot be ignored....
We have developed a second-generation detection tube for colorimetric and fluorescence detection of phosgene and diphosgene in air. The tube is packed with pellets made of a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium aluminum metasilicate tr...
The detection of highly toxic chemicals such as phosgene is crucial for addressing the severe threats to human health and public safety posed by terrorist attacks and industrial mishaps. However, timely and precise monitoring of phosgene at a low cos...
Phosgene (COCl2), a valuable industrial compound, maybe a public safety and health risk due to potential abuse and possible accidental spillage. Conventional techniques suffer from issues related to procedural complexity and sensitivity. Therefore, t...
Industrially relevant phosgenation mechanisms of 2,4-toluenediamine (2,4-TDA) were investigated using G3MP2B3 model chemistry. Six reaction pathways had been explored, which resulted in the formation of toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) including differ...
Fire deaths present several diagnostic challenges for the forensic examiner, the most significant of which is the identification of the cause of death and the evaluation of the morphological consequences of heat injuries in the ante-mortem and post-m...
The suitability of a new type of polyurethane-based composite carbon foam for several possible usages is evaluated and reported. A comparison of the properties of the as-prepared carbon foams was performed with widely available commercial biomass-der...
Highly reactive decomposition products of deuterated chloroform can deteriorate samples dissolved in this commonly used solvent for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Samples for metabolomics studies often contain a complex mixture of sen...
Pharmaceutical technology offers various dosage forms that can be applied interdisciplinary. One of them are spherical pellets which could be utilized as a carrier in emerging second-generation detection tubes. This detection system requires carriers...
Due to growing concerns about environmental issues and the decline of petroleum-based resources, the synthesis of new biobased compounds for the polymer industry has become a prominent and timely topic. P-menthane-1,8-diamine (PMDA) is a readily avai...
The (thio)urea and benzothiazole (BT) derivatives have been shown to have a broad spectrum of biological activities. These groups, when bonded, result in the 2-(thio)ureabenzothizoles (TBT and UBT), which could favor the physicochemical and biologica...
(S)-1-Methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid 1 is an analog of (S)-pyroglutamic acid, a key component of naturally occurring peptide hormones and synthetic pharmaceutical candidates. The reaction of (S)-2-amino-3-(methylamino)propionic acid with...
Sugar carbonates can be prepared by the condensation of the cis-glycol system of the carbohydrate with phosgene or with a chloroformic ester [1,2].[...]
Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) play a role in chemically induced acute lung injury (CALI). However, the mechanisms that induce alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s) to proliferate, exit the cell cycle, and transdifferentiate into alveolar epithe...
2-Benzoxazolone, as well as its derivatives, are valuable structural fragments of a number of important biologically active substances. 2-Benzoxazolone derivatives are promising as antitumor, antimicrobial, antiretroviral, anticonvulsant, tranquilizi...
The interactions of the toxic heterocarbonyl gases phosgene, carbonyl fluoride, formaldehyde, carbonyl sulfide, and acetone with polypyrrole as a toxic heterocarbonyl gas sensor, were extensively studied by density functional theory (DFT). The Becke...
The nanostructure of β-gallium oxide crystals influences the conversion to carbamates; specifically, for the synthesis of alkyl carbamates (like propyl N-octylcarbamate) from CO2 and n-propanol in the absence of phosgene. The nanostructures with vari...
Functionalized pyrazole-urea scaffolds are a common type II chemotype for the inhibition of protein kinases (PKs), binding simultaneously into the ATP-binding pocket with an ATP bioisostere and into a vicinal allosteric pocket with a pyrazole group....
Diisocyanates, a key monomer in polyurethane, are generally lost during recycling. Polyurethane alcoholysis to carbamate and subsequent cracking to isocyanate represents a promising, phosgene-free recycling route. This work reports the thermal and ca...
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is widely used as an intermediate and solvent in the organic chemical industry. In recent years, compared with the traditional DMC production methods (phosgene method, transesterification method), methanol oxidation carbonyla...
Nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) is a research hotspot in polyurethane applications because it does not use phosgene. Herein, a novel method of solvent- and catalyst-free synthesis of a hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane (HNIPU) is proposed. First, f...
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), as a widely used transparent polymer material, is highly stable because of its all-carbon backbone, which makes its chain cleavage under mild conditions challenging. In this work, we report a photo-initiated solution...
Diphenyl carbonate is one of the raw materials used for the synthesis of polycarbonate, and its green and clean production is of great importance to the non-phosgene process for polycarbonate. The production of diphenyl carbonate by transesterificati...
Dichloromethane (DCM) is an important pollutant with very harmful effects on human health and the environment. Catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) is an environmentally friendly technology for its removal from gas streams; it avoids the formation of...
CO2 is a compound of high stability which proves useful in some organic syntheses as a solvent or component decreasing explosivity of gases. It is also a good carbonylating agent for aliphatic amines although not for aromatic ones, the latter being c...
In recent years, the chemical industry has put emphasis on designing or modifying chemical processes that would increasingly meet the requirements of the adopted proecological sustainable development strategy and the principles of green chemistry. Th...
Polyurethanes (PUs) are versatile and widespread, particularly as flexible and rigid foams. To avoid isocyanates and other toxic reagents required for synthesis, such as phosgene, alternative synthetic routes have been utilized to produce non-isocyan...
Currently, the most promising alternative to the use of the phosgenation reaction, for large-scale production of isocyanates, ureas, and carbamates, appears to be the Pd-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of arylamines. During the reaction, the Pd(II)...
This work focuses on the removal of perchloroethylene (PCE) from gaseous streams using absorbers connected with electrolyzers. Two types of absorption devices (jet absorber and absorption column) were compared. In addition, it has been evaluated the...
Spectrophotometry and colorimetry are among the most-used techniques for chemical and biological analyses, but the required equipment is often expensive and restricted to laboratory use. We present here a low-cost and portable color measuring device...
Dimethyl carbonate is a generally used chemical substance which is environmentally sustainable in nature and used in a range of industrial applications as intermediate. Although various methods, including methanol phosgenation, transesterification an...
Among the halogenated hydrocarbons, chloromethanes (i.e., methyl chloride, CH3Cl; methylene chloride, CH2Cl2; chloroform, CHCl3; and carbon tetrachloride, CCl4) play a vital role due to their extensive uses as solvents and chemical intermediates. Thi...
Isocyanides constitute a valuable class of organic compounds widely employed in multicomponent reactions (MCRs), heterocycle synthesis, and drug discovery. However, their broader application is limited by low commercial availability and hazardous cla...
In recent years, the development of renewable energy alternatives to traditional fossil fuels has become one of the major challenges all over the world, due to the decline of fossil fuel reserves and their effect on global warming. Biodiesel has beco...
(Thio)ureas ((T)Us) and benzothiazoles (BTs) each have demonstrated to have a great variety of biological activities. When these groups come together, the 2-(thio)ureabenzothizoles [(T)UBTs] are formed, improving the physicochemical as well as the bi...
Polyurethanes (PUs) are indispensable polymeric materials widely employed across diverse industrial sectors due to their excellent thermal stability, chemical resistance, adhesion, and mechanical durability. However, the intrinsic three-dimensional c...
Though polyurethanes (PUs) are widely used in people’s daily lives, traditional PUs are generally fabricated from toxic (poly)isocyanates. Furthermore, (poly)isocyanates are commonly industrially prepared from a seriously toxic and injurious ch...
Conventional thermal disposal of chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) waste poses high risks of dioxin, furan, chlorine, and phosgene formation, while plasma destruction remains energy-intensive. This work determines the optimal thermodynamic conditions for...
Polyurethanes (PUs) are a significant group of polymeric materials that, due to their outstanding mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, are used in a wide range of applications. Conventionally, PUs are obtained in polyaddition reactions betw...
Polycarbonate (PC) is a highly versatile plastic material that is extensively utilized across various industries due to its superior properties, including high impact strength and heat resistance. However, its durability presents significant challeng...