During micro-scale tracer flow in porous media, the permeability and fluid velocity significantly affect the fluid dispersion properties of the media. However, the relationships between the dispersion coefficient, permeability, and fluid velocity in...
Knowledge about the processes governing subsurface microbial dynamics in and to groundwater represents an important tool for the development of robust, evidence-based policies and strategies to assess the potential impact of contamination sources and...
Human anaphylactic reactions largely involve an increase in vascular permeability, which is mainly controlled by endothelial cells (ECs). Due to the acute and serious nature of human anaphylaxis, in vivo studies of blood vessels must be replaced or s...
Cell monolayers, including endothelial and epithelial cells, play crucial roles in regulating the transport of biomolecules to underlying tissues and structures via intercellular junctions. Moreover, the monolayers form a semipermeable barrier across...
Osteoarthritis involves complex interactions between articular joint tissues and the immune system, which is implicated in molecular trafficking via barrier-function modulating cytokines. The current study aims to test effects of an acute spike in TN...
Recent studies indicate that connexin hemichannels do not act as freely permeable non-selective pores, but they select permeants in an isoform-specific manner with cooperative, competitive and saturable kinetics. The aim of this study was to investig...
Neurons build vast gap junction-coupled networks (GJ-nets) that are permeable to ions or small molecules, enabling lateral signaling. Herein, we investigate (1) the effect of blinding diseases on GJ-nets in mouse retinas and (2) the impact of electri...
Anisotropy of tracer-coupled networks is a hallmark in many brain regions. In the past, the topography of these networks was analyzed using various approaches, which focused on different aspects, e.g., position, tracer signal, or direction of coupled...
The productivity of a hydraulically fractured well depends on the fracture geometry and fracture–wellbore connectivity. Unlike other fracture diagnostics techniques, flowback tracer response will be dominated only by the fractures, which are op...
Systemic seed treatment uptake was investigated in seeds and seedlings using fluorescent tracers to mimic systemic agrochemicals. Soybean was used as the model as soybean has the permeable seed coat characteristic to both charged and noncharged molec...
This study presents a new visual-based method that uses a thermal tracer and infrared thermography to detect sink points in shallow flooded areas. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a 2 × 2 m2 soil flume where different scenarios with var...
This study investigates groundwater flow patterns in a landslide area above the settlement of Koroška Bela in NW Slovenia using a series of tracer tests with sodium chloride (NaCl) and fluorescein (uranine). The tracer experiments, using a com...
In areas with complex hydrogeological conditions, the tracer test method is often used as an effective means in hydrogeological surveys. According to the results of tracer tests, hydrogeological parameters, including hydraulic gradient and permeabili...
Funnel and gate permeable reactive barrier (FGPRB) is an effective method to treat groundwater pollution. In order to clarify the impact of FGPRB on groundwater dynamic conditions, this study takes a site pilot test as the research object and establi...
Ten individuals suspected of having possible Alzheimer disease underwent PET imaging using 18F-Flubetapir. Only one of ten individuals had a pattern typical for normal elderly control subjects with 9 of the 10 showing a Alzheimer type pattern for the...
Experimental characterization of thermal transport in fractured media through thermal tracer tests is crucial for environmental and industrial applications such as the prediction of geothermal system efficiency. However, such experiments have been po...
Haemodynamic wall shear stress varies from site to site within the arterial system and is thought to cause local variation in endothelial permeability to macromolecules. Our aim was to investigate mechanisms underlying the changes in paracellular per...
Mucus, composed significantly of glycosylated mucins, is a soft and rheologically complex material that lines respiratory, reproductive, and gastrointestinal tracts in mammals. Mucus may present as a gel, as a highly viscous fluid, or as a viscoelast...
A laboratory flume simulating a riverbed sand dune containing a low-permeability clay lens was constructed to investigate its influence on the quality and quantity of hyporheic exchange. By varying the depths and spatial locations of the clay lens, 2...
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are key regulators of angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and vascular permeability, playing essential roles in both physiological and pathological processes. The VEGFR family, including VEGFR-1, VEG...
Photothermal membrane distillation is a new-generation desalination process that can take advantage of the ability of specific materials to convert solar energy to heat at the membrane surface and thus to overcome temperature polarization. The develo...
Changes in intestinal mucosal barrier permeability lead to antigen sensitization and mast cell-mediated allergic reactions, which are considered to play important roles in the occurrence and development of food allergies. It has been suggested that p...
Managing groundwater flow in crystalline basement aquifers (CBAs) remains challenging due to their dependence on secondary permeability fields characterized by high spatial variability. This study combines pumping and tracer tests to estimate the hyd...
The Yanchang Eastern Oilfield of Ordos Basin is a typical ultra-low permeability shallow reservoir. Because of the relatively low vertical pressure, horizontal artificial fractures are prone to take place in the case of oil well fracturing. Given the...
The offshore reservoir development involves large injection and production rates and high injection pressures. High-permeability flow channels usually occur in offshore unconsolidated heavy-oil reservoirs during long-term water flux, substantially im...
Coastal karst aquifers show a three-dimensional vulnerability, which consists of the whole of the “intrinsic vulnerability” and the “groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion”. The results of a study carried out in the S...
Seed treatments are frequently applied for the management of early-season pests, including seed-borne pathogens. However, to be effective against internal pathogens, the active ingredient must be able to penetrate the seed coat. Tomato seeds were the...
In recent years, the development of two offshore low-permeability oil fields has revealed unexpected challenges. The actual productivity of these fields significantly deviates from the designed capacity. Some wells even outperform the expectations fo...
Karst aquifers are unique among groundwater systems because of variable permeability and flow-path organization changes resulting from dissolution processes. Over time, changes in flow-path connectivity complicate interpretations of conduit network e...
Streambed morphology, streamflow dynamics, and the heterogeneity of streambed sediments critically controls the interaction between surface water and groundwater. The present study investigated the impact of different flow regimes on hyporheic exchan...
The potential of the polyampholytic and polyelectrolytic starch compounds as excipients for drug controlled release was investigated using various tracers differing in terms of solubility and permeability. Ampholytic trimethylaminecarboxymethylstarch...
For the characterization of heterogeneous aquifers, transient hydraulic tomography (THT) was proposed as a promising method to obtain the distribution of hydraulic parameters with satisfying spatial resolution using different approaches. These includ...
Carbonate geothermal reservoirs, characterized by widespread distribution, a high discharge capacity, and favorable reinjection conditions, have become a key target for geothermal resource development. However, the karst geothermal reservoir system i...
Anisotropic gap junctional coupling is a distinct feature of astrocytes in many brain regions. In the lateral superior olive (LSO), astrocytic networks are anisotropic and oriented orthogonally to the tonotopic axis. In CaV1.3 knock-out (KO) and otof...
We investigated the interaction of silica nanostructured particles and sandstone rock using various experimental approaches, such as fluid compatibility, batch sorption and single-phase core-floods. Diol and polyethylenglycol (PEG) surface-modified n...
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor. Hypoxia is closely related to the malignancy of gliomas, and positron emission tomography (PET) can noninvasively visualize the degree and the expansion of hypoxia. Currently, 18F-fluoromisonidazole (F...
Calcium-induced, calpain-mediated proteolysis (CMSP) has recently been implicated to the pathogenesis of diffuse (traumatic) axonal injury (TAI). Some studies suggested that subaxolemmal CMSP may contribute to axolemmal permeability (AP) alterations...
Oxidative stress in the small intestine can lead to inflammation and barrier malfunction. The present study describes the effect of quercetin (Q), 3-o-methylquercetin (QM), and rhamnazin (R) on cell viability, paracellular permeability, production of...
With the development of industry and agriculture, the level of organic pollutants in groundwater exceeds the standard in some parts of the transition zone of the Jianghan Plain–Dabie Mountain area. To investigate the ability of low-permeability...
Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin (ETX) causes severe retinal microvascular endothelial injury in the rat. The resulting blood–retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown leads to increased vascular permeability, which was detected immunohistoch...
Connectivity between injection and production wells is critical for efficient oil production, especially in offshore reservoirs where the number of wells is limited. Though several methods for point-to-point connectivity have been developed, there is...
The role of sedimentary heterogeneity in reactive transport processes is becoming increasingly important as closed open-pit lignite mines are converted into post-mining lakes or pumped hydropower storage reservoirs. Flooding of the open pits introduc...
Neuroinflammation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) upregulation are associated with the pathogenesis of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), epilepsy, and a response...
Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are prevalent chronic inflammatory skin diseases that are characterized by dysfunctional skin barriers and substantially impact patients’ quality of life. Vitamin D3 regulates immune responses and keratinocyte di...
Proper neuronal function requires strict maintenance of the brain’s extracellular environment. Therefore, passage of molecules between the circulation and brain neuropil is tightly regulated by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). While the BBB...
Growth of malignant cells in solid tumors induces changes to the tumor microenvironment (TME). These changes result in promotion of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, but also in tumor resistance to drugs and radiotherapy. The enhanced permeabil...
Low salinity waterflooding is an effective technique to accelerate and boost oil recovery. The impact of this technique has been investigated widely in laboratories for various scales and rock typing, most of which have demonstrated a potential impro...
Fibrous materials are prominent among novel chromatographic supports for the separation and purification of biomolecules. In this work, strong anion exchange, quaternary ammonium (Q) functional fibrous adsorbents were evaluated with regards to their...
Fe-Co alloy has the highest saturation magnetic flux density among soft magnetic materials, and Fe50Co50 has the maximum permeability of Fe-Co alloys. However, Fe-Co alloy is difficult to use in applications due to its brittleness. Various attempts h...
Fractional calculus provides efficient physical models to quantify non-Fickian dynamics broadly observed within the Earth system. The potential advantages of using fractional partial differential equations (fPDEs) for real-world problems are often li...
of 2