A thorough understanding of nuclear reaction rates at low energies is essential for improving our understanding of energy generation in stars and primordial and stellar nucleosynthesis. At low energies, fusion reactions between charged particles are...
This paper presents an assessment of nuclear reaction yields of protons, α-particles, and neutrons in human tissue-equivalentmaterial in proton therapy using a simulation with Geant 4. In this study, we also check an enhancement of nuclear reac...
The theoretical approach to a sequential heavy ion double charge exchange reaction is presented. A brief introduction into the formal theory of second-order nuclear reactions and their application to Double Single Charge Exchange (DSCE) reactions by...
In this work, the feasibility of nuclear processes is studied via classical thermodynamics by assessing the change in entropy, a parameter that has so far been neglected in the analysis of these reactions. The contribution of the entropy to the react...
Neutrino properties such as the Majorana nature and the masses, which go beyond the standard model, are derived from the experimental double-beta decay (DBD) rate by using the DBD nuclear matrix element (NME). Theoretical evaluations for the NME, how...
The present work aims at approximating the reduction of sulphate to sulphide caused by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) inside the Canadian deep geological repository in order to calculate the expected lifetime of used nuclear fuel containers (UFCs)....
The cross-sections of the 48Ti(p,x)47Sc, 46cSc, 44mSc, 44gSc, 43Sc, and 48V nuclear reactions were measured from 18 to 70 MeV, with particular attention to 47Sc production. Enriched 48Ti powder was deposited on an aluminum backing and the obtained ta...
We present here the first quantitative measurements of a classic experiment, that of the “mousetrap chain reaction”. It was proposed for the first time in 1947 to illustrate the chain reaction occurring in nuclear fission. It involves sev...
Microarray gene expression data are characterized by high dimensionality and small sample sizes, which complicates cancer classification tasks. To address these challenges, this study proposes a hybrid gene selection approach that integrates a filter...
The classification of cancer based on gene expression profiles is a central challenge in precision oncology due to the high dimensionality and low sample size inherent in microarray datasets. Effective gene selection is crucial for improving classifi...
Almost all experimental studies of the characteristics of nuclear-excited plasma formed by excitation of gaseous media with nuclear reactions products are conducted at pulsed nuclear reactors that differ in the composition and design of the core, the...
Background/Objectives: Cancer classification using microarray datasets presents a significant challenge due to their extremely high dimensionality. This complexity necessitates advanced optimization methods for effective gene selection. Methods: This...
Thermal decomposition of alkoxyamines in the presence of scavengers was found to proceed with the formation of chemically induced nuclear polarization detected by 1H NMR. The distinctive Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP) feature...
The role of initial state (ISI) and final state (FSI) ion–ion interactions in heavy-ion double-charge-exchange (DCE) reactions A(Z,N)→A(Z±2,N∓2) are studied for double single-charge-exchange (DSCE) reactions given by sequentia...
The fusion reactions involving deuterium are of great interest for the exploitation of the fusion energy via magnetic-confinement devices. In classical thermodynamics, the spontaneity of a process is established through the assessment of the change i...
Proton cancer therapy (PCT) utilizes high-energy proton projectiles to obliterate cancerous tumors with low damage to healthy tissues and without the side effects of X-ray therapy. The healing action of the protons results from their damage on cancer...
The CERN n_TOF facility is a research infrastructure specifically designed for studying neutron-induced nuclear reactions. Pulsed white neutron beams are delivered toward three experimental areas, two of them at different baselines to apply the time-...
In this work, we apply a machine learning algorithm to the regression analysis of the nuclear cross-section of neutron-induced nuclear reactions of molybdenum isotopes, 92Mo at incident neutron energy around 14 MeV. The machine learning algorith...
Fluorine is one of the most interesting elements in nuclear astrophysics. Its abundance can provide important hints to constrain the stellar models since fluorine production and destruction are strictly connected to the physical conditions inside the...
The theory of heavy ion double charge exchange (DCE) reactions proceeding by effective rank-2 isotensor interactions is presented. Virtual pion–nucleon charge exchange interactions are investigated as the source for induced isotensor interactio...
(1) Purpose: Conditions of formation of compound nuclear systems needed for synthesis of heavy nuclei in pycnonuclear reactions in compact stars are studied on a quantum mechanical basis. (2) Methods: The method of multiple internal reflections is ap...
The feasibility of a new approach of laser fusion in plasma without implosion has been proposed and is discussed using an intense laser. The cross section of the nuclear reaction is increased by enhancing the penetrability of nuclei through the Coulo...
In recent years, several laboratory studies of CNO cycle-related nuclear reactions have been carried out. Nevertheless, extant models of stellar nucleosynthesis still adopt CNO reaction rates reported in old compilations, such as NACRE or CF88. In or...
Ab initio molecular dynamics combines a classical description of nuclear motion with a density-functional description of the electronic cloud. This approach nicely describes chemical reactions. A possible conclusion is that a quantum mechanical descr...
The conventional reaction yield evaluation for radioisotope production is not sufficient to set up the optimal conditions for producing radionuclide products of the desired radiochemical quality. Alternatively, the specific radioactivity (SA) assessm...
Nuclear fission reactions can release massive amounts of energy accompanied by neutrons and γ photons, which create a mixed radiation field and enable a series of reactions in nuclear reactors. This study demonstrates a one-pot/one-step approac...
Correlations and clustering are of great importance in the study of the Nuclear Equation of State. Information on these items/aspects can be obtained using heavy-ion reactions which are described by dynamical theories. We propose a dataset that will...
In our work, the photonuclear production of 198,199Au isotopes for nuclear medicine purposes was studied, and a method for their recovery from irradiated mercury was developed. The yields of the corresponding nuclear reactions were determined, and a...
Our understanding of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis is limited by the uncertainties coming from the complex multi-dimensional processes in stellar interiors, such as convection and nuclear burning. Three-dimensional stellar models can improve...
Neutrinoless double beta decay (DBD) is a useful probe to study neutrino properties such as the Majorana nature, the absolute neutrino mass, the CP phase and the others, which are beyond the standard model. The nuclear matrix element (NME) for DBD is...
This paper focuses on the theoretical study of the burning rate of D-T fuel in Z-pinch devices with magneto-inertial confinement. The investigated nuclear fusion process involved fast laser ignition of a mixed D-T fuel contained in a capsule at a tem...
Studies of induced granulocytic differentiation help to reveal molecular mechanisms of cell maturation. The nuclear proteome represents a rich source of regulatory molecules, including transcription factors (TFs). It is important to have an understan...
Rare tautomeric forms of nucleobases can lead to Watson–Crick-like (WC-like) mispairs in DNA, but the process of proton transfer is fast and difficult to detect experimentally. NMR studies show evidence for the existence of short-time WC-like g...
The development of the 10 PW laser system at the Extreme Light Infrastructure is a crucial step towards the realization of an astrophysical Earthbound laboratory. The interaction of high-power laser pulses with matter results in ultrashort (fs-ps) pu...
Reaction and transport processes in thin layers of between 10 and 1000 µm are important factors in determining their performance, stability and degradation. In this review, we discuss the potential of high-gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (N...
A new physics-based compact model, which makes it possible to simulate in a unified way the neutrons and protons of cosmic ray-induced SEU cross-sections, including the effects from nuclear reaction products and from direct ionization by low-energy p...
The search for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay is currently a key topic in physics, due to its possible wide implications for nuclear physics, particle physics, and cosmology. The NUMEN project aims to provide experimental information on the nu...
One of the key ingredients needed to extract quantitative information on neutrino absolute mass scale from the possible measurement of the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay half-lives is the nuclear matrix element (NME) characterizin...
This paper proposes a novel bilateral control design based on an estimated reaction force without a force sensor for a three-degree of freedom hydraulic servo system with master–slave manipulators. The proposed method is based upon sliding mode...
Presolar grains are microscopic dust grains that formed in the stellar winds or explosions of ancient stars that died before the formation of the solar system. The majority (~90% in number) of presolar silicon carbide (SiC) grains, including types ma...
This work recalls the basic thermodynamics of chemical processes for introducing the evaluation of the nuclear reactions’ spontaneity. The application and definition of the thermodynamic state functions of the nuclear processes have been descri...
This study explored the hydration reaction of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as analysis methods. The partial- or no-known crystal struct...
The present work describes a method to determine excitation function curves and, therefore, cross-sections, making use of the irradiation of liquid targets at distinct energies in a biomedical cyclotron. The method relies on the derivative of experim...
Two new high-precision measurements of the deuterium abundance from absorbers along the line of sight to the quasar PKS1937–1009 were presented. The absorbers have lower neutral hydrogen column densities (N(HI) ≈ 18 cm − 2 ) than for previou...
In clinical practice, administration of low ozone (O3) dosages is a complementary therapy for many diseases, due to the capability of O3 to elicit an antioxidant response through the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent pathwa...
In this work, the radiation response of bulk GaN and Ga2O3 materials exposed to ground-level neutrons is studied by Geant4 numerical simulation, considering the whole atmospheric neutron spectrum at sea level, from thermal to high energies (GeV). The...
Current AGB stellar models provide an adequate description of the s-process nucleosynthesis that occurs. Nonetheless, they still suffer from many uncertainties related to the modeling of the 13C pocket formation and the adopted nuclear reaction rates...
Nuclear reaction cross sections are essential ingredients to predict the evolution of AGB stars and understand their impact on the chemical evolution of our Galaxy. Unfortunately, the cross sections of the reactions involved are often very small and...
The nuclear electron capture reaction possesses a prominent position among other weak interaction processes occurring in explosive nucleosynthesis, especially at the late stages of evolution of massive stars. In this work, we perform exclusive calcul...
The effect of surface roughness on angular distributions of reflected and physically sputtered particles is investigated by ultra-high vacuum (UHV) ion-surface interaction experiments. For this purpose, a smooth (Ra = 5.9 nm) and a rough (Ra = 20.5 n...
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