A general theory explaining how electromagnetic waves affect cells and biological systems has not been completely accepted yet; nevertheless, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) can interfere with and modify several molecular ce...
Low-heat Portland (LHP) cement is a kind of high-belite cement, which has the characteristic of low hydration heat. Currently, it is extensively used in the temperature control of mass concrete. Based on the thermodynamic database of OPC-based materi...
A thermodynamic analysis of a half-effect absorption cooling system powered by a low-enthalpy geothermal source was carried out. This paper presents modeling of the half-effect absorption cooling system operating with an ammonia/lithium nitrate mixtu...
This study delves into the formation, transformation, and impact on coating performance of MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11 phases in low-aluminum Zn-Al-Mg alloy coatings, combining thermodynamic simulation calculations with experimental verification methods. A the...
Silver-based high-conductivity coatings are used in many advanced manufacturing equipment and components, and existing coatings require high-temperature curing. This paper studies the effects of different curing agents on the electrical properties of...
This paper describes a highly alkaline low-grade copper oxide ore. Copper can be selectively leached out while other metals are retained. A thermodynamic model of the CuO-(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O system was established for the leaching of tenorite (CuO) und...
A thermodynamic model was proposed to calculate the activity of components in low-reactive CaO-BaO-Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2-Li2O mold flux, which was chosen to improve the castability of high Al steel, based on the ion and molecular coexistence theory. The mo...
This paper develops a thermodynamic entropy-based life prediction model to estimate the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) life of the nickel-based superalloy GH4169 at elevated temperature (650 °C). The gauge section of the specimen was chosen as the therm...
Thermal power plants (TPPs) with back-pressure steam turbines (BPSTs) were widely used for electricity and steam production in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) due to their high efficiency. The collapse of the USSR in 1991 led to a decr...
Various approaches to flue gas desulfurization by low-grade manganese and high efficiency desulfurization in sintering enterprises were investigated, and the predominance areas of the Mn/Fe-S-O system were constructed in this paper. Additionally, the...
Carbide precipitation in martensitic low alloyed steels contributes to the mechanical properties through precipitation hardening. A high number density of carbides is desired to maximize the hardening effect, which is achieved through the precipitati...
In the present work, we propose using the cumulative distribution functions derived from maximum entropy formalisms, utilizing thermodynamic entropy as a measure of damage to fit the low-cycle fatigue data of metals. The thermodynamic entropy is meas...
To efficiently convert and utilize intermittent solar energy, a novel solar-driven ethanol steam reforming (ESR) system integrated with a membrane reactor is proposed. It has the potential to convert low-grade solar thermal energy into high energy le...
This study seeks to improve the performance of a low-temperature differential free-piston Stirling air conditioner (FPSAC). To achieve this, a novel approach is proposed, which replaces the conventional simple harmonic drive with a multi-harmonic dri...
This article discusses the development of a technology for producing nickel- and chromium-containing ferroalloy through the carbothermic reduction of low-grade ores from the Batamsha deposit. Thermodynamic modeling of phase formation was carried out...
The present study comprises an investigation involving thermodynamic analysis, microstructural characterisation, and a comparative examination of the solidification sequence in two different aluminium alloys: EN AW 6026 and EN AW 1370. These alloys w...
The aim of the present paper is to provide a preliminary investigation of the thermodynamics of particles obeying monotone statistics. To render the potential physical applications realistic, we propose a modified scheme called block-monotone, based...
Ferritic lightweight steels are an emerging class of low-density steels (LDSs) with promising mechanical properties. The study aimed to develop two ferritic lightweight steels with different Mn concentrations. Al was incorporated to achieve the light...
In our recent studies, we have developed a thermodynamic biochemical model able to select the resonant frequency of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) specifically affecting different types of cancer, and we have demonstrated...
(1) Background: the shipping industry forced ships to adopt new energy-saving technologies to improve energy efficiency. With the timing modulation for the marine low-speed diesel engine S-CO2 Brayton cycle, the waste heat recovery system is optimize...
Although applications of low water-to-cement ratio mixtures to practical structures have been increasing to enhance seismic resistance and long-term durability in recent years, it was experimentally observed that such a mixture causes peculiar hydrat...
The world community is worried about the effects of global warming. A few agreements on the reduction of CO2 emissions have been signed recently. A large part of these emissions is produced by the power production industry. Soon, the requirements for...
Low-grade heat sources such as solar thermal, geothermal, exhaust gases and industrial waste heat are suitable alternatives for power generation which can be exploited by means of small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). This paper combines thermodyn...
Slow market development has caused the lack of low-GWP A1 refrigerants for ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration. Consequently, the high-GWP refrigerant R23 (GWP = 14,600) remains widely used within the ULT sector. For this reason, this paper pro...
Methane dry reforming (MDR) is an attractive alternative to methane steam reforming for hydrogen production with low harmful environmental emissions on account of utilizing carbon dioxide in the feed. However, carbon formation in the product stream h...
A plasma sheath will be developed surrounding a hypersonic vehicle in flight, which can reflect, absorb, and scatter electromagnetic (EM) waves of lower frequencies than its own, resulting in a communication blackout. This paper focuses on knowing ho...
The most commonly used refrigerants are potent greenhouse gasses that can contribute to climate change. Hydro-Fluoro-Olefins are low Global Warming Potential fluids. A summary of our experimental research activity on the thermodynamic properties of t...
Herein, thermodynamic assessment is proposed to screen suitable precursors for the solid-state synthesis of manganese ferrite, by mechanosynthesis at room temperature or by subsequent calcination at relatively low temperatures, and the main findings...
Despite the growth of renewable energy, fossil fuels dominate the global energy matrix. Due to expanding proved reserves and energy demand, an increase in natural gas power generation is predicted for future decades. Oil reserves from the Brazilian o...
The recently proposed organic flash cycle (OFC) has the potential for the efficient recovery of low-grade heat, mainly due to the reduction of irreversibilities in the heat input unit. In the present study, a modified OFC (OFCM) employing a two-phase...
In the context of the zero-carbon transition, this article provides a comprehensive review of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technologies for low-grade heat recovery and conversion to power. It surveys a wide range of renewable and waste heat sources&md...
In this paper, a systematic thermodynamic analysis of carbothermic reduction of saprolitic nickel laterite ore was carried out. Different carbon sources—such as pure C, sub-bituminous, and lignite—were used for the carbothermic reduction...
The present work aims at the thermodynamic analysis of different working pairs in adsorption heat transformers (AdHT) for low-temperature waste heat upgrade in industrial processes. Two different AdHT configurations have been simulated, namely with a...
We develop a perturbation theory to estimate the finite time corrections around a quasi static trajectory, in which a quantum system is able to equilibrate at each instant with its environment. The results are then applied to non equilibrium thermody...
This study focuses on the theoretical performance of a single-stage absorption heat transformer (SSAHT) using the working pair H2O/LiBr for low-temperature waste heat recovery. A thermodynamic model was implemented in Engineering Equation Software (E...
The Kalina flash cycle (KFC) is a novel, recently proposed modification of the Kalina cycle (KC) equipped with a flash vessel. This study performs a comparative analysis of the thermodynamic performance of KC and KFC utilizing low-grade heat sources....
In this study, limestone (LS), kaolin (K) and bauxite residue (BR) were considered as potential raw meal ingredients for the preparation of ferrite-belite (cement) clinkers. A forecast of the mineralogical composition for the different clinker compos...
The aim of this study was to obtain a series of activated carbon samples by the chemical activation of low-rank coal. The precursor was impregnated with a NaOH solution. Activated carbons were characterized by determining their textural parameters an...
The article presents an assessment of the potential for using low enthalpy geothermal resources for electricity generation on the basis of the Małopolskie Voivodeship (southern Poland). Identification the locations providing the best prospects with t...
This contribution aims at providing a critical overview of experimental results for the sorption of low molecular weight compounds in the Cu-BTC Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) and of their interpretation using available and new, specifically dev...
Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) facilitates the conversion of syngas, derived from feedstocks such as biomass, coal, and natural gas, into valuable hydrocarbons (HCs). This investigation employed optimization methods, specifically Gibbs energy...
Low-temperature lead (Pb)-free solders are demanding in the electronic packaging industry, because it would open the door for various economic choices of polymeric materials as substrates and also revives the lower cost processes. Here, we proposed a...
The European building sector is responsible for approximately 40% of total energy consumption and for 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. Identifying technological solutions capable of reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one of t...
12 December 2024
In the past 42 years from 1980 to 2021, 103 regional strong cooling events (RSCEs) occurred in winter in Northeast China, and the frequency has increased significantly in the past 10 years, averaging 2.45 per year. The longest (shortest) duration is...
Soft manipulators have garnered significant research attention in recent years due to their flexibility and adaptability. However, the inherent flexibility of these manipulators imposes limitations on their load-bearing capacity and stability. To add...
A novel analytical method was developed for analysis of efficiency at maximum power of a hybrid cycle combining electrochemical and Otto engines. The analysis is based on the low-dissipation model, which relates energy dissipation with energy transfe...
Contrary to energy, exergy may be destroyed due to irreversibility. Exergy analysis can be used to reveal the location, and amount of energy losses of engines. Despite the importance of the exergy analysis, there is a lack of information in this area...
In this paper, we present an assessment of methods for estimating and comparing the thermodynamic performance of working fluids for organic Rankine cycle power systems. The analysis focused on how the estimated net power outputs of zeotropic mixtures...
Compared to the organic Rankine cycle (ORC), the organic triangle cycle (TC) is simpler in structure and is not limited by pinch point temperature differences. TC has been studied to some extent by previous researchers, such as the selection of worki...
Composition regulation of zeotropic mixture working fluid for a thermodynamic cycle is an effective way to improve energy conversion efficiency, which offers the potential to construct efficient, flexible and intelligent cycles. Current research on c...
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