Downsizing and turbocharging is a widely used approach to reduce the fuel consumption of spark ignited engines while retaining the maximum power output. However, a substantial loss in drivability must be expected due to the occurrence of the so-calle...
Diesel engines show poor performance and high emissions under cold-start conditions. The intake manifold burner is an effective method to increase the intake air temperature and improve engine performance. In this paper, a visualization system was em...
The article presents the results of a study aimed at creating a mathematical model of thermodynamic processes in the intake manifold of a forced diesel engine, taking into account the features of simultaneous injection of fuel and water into the coll...
In the present study, a nozzle was used to improve the flow performance of an intake manifold, and its effects on the automobile engine output and the exhaust gas were experimentally studied. It was found that the engine output of a vehicle with a mi...
The intake air preheating is an effective method to improve the cold start performance of diesel engines. The combustion process and ignition probability were investigated in the present study. The average flame area (AFA) during the steady stage of...
The intake manifold and its components play a key role in the proper formation of air–fuel mixtures suitable for correct engine operation. In this article, starting from the original intake manifold design fitted to an optically accessible spar...
The flexibility of a crankshaft exhibits significant nonlinearities in the analysis of diesel engines performance, particularly at rotational speeds of around 2000 rpm. Given the explainable mathematical trends of the analytical model and the lack of...
In-cylinder exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) stratification, generally achieved by supplying EGR asymmetrically into intake ports on a four-valve diesel engine, is sensitive to trapped exhaust gas in the intake manifold and intake ports that is caused...
In this numerical study, the effects of the premixed ratio, intake manifold pressure and intake air temperature on a four-cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, low-compression-ratio gasoline engine, operated in reactivity-controlled compression ig...
The ever-increasing demand for transport is sustained by internal combustion (IC) engines. The demand for transport energy is large and continuously increasing across the globe. Though there are few alternative options emerging that may eliminate the...
In this research, we developed a hydrogen (H2) electric generator in an H2 generation system based on chemical reactions. In the experiment, we tested the performance of the H2 electric generator and measured the amount of H2 generated. The maximum o...
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems, in addition to catalytic reactors, are now widely used in reciprocating internal combustion engines to reduce oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in the exhaust gases. They are characterized by the fact that part of the...
This paper presents a study aiming to provide insight into the complex flow and heat transfer processes in the exhaust manifold of a four-stroke, compression ignition engine. An experimental system has been constructed capable of capturing temperatur...
In this work, the influence of plenum and port geometry on the performance of the intake process in a four-stroke spark ignition engine for ultralight aircraft applications is analyzed. Three intake systems are considered: the so-called “standa...
While sodium is essential for human homeostasis, current salt consumption far exceeds physiological needs. Strong evidence suggests a direct causal relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) and a modest reduction in salt consumption...
The exhaust emissions from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are currently one of the main sources of air pollution. This research presented a method for improving the exhaust gases and the performance of a Spark-Ignition (SI) engine using a water va...
A new procedure, based on measurement of intake CO2 concentration and ambient humidity was developed and assessed in this study for different diesel engines in order to evaluate the oxygen concentration in the intake manifold. Steady-state and transi...
The endplate plays an important role in the performance and durability of fuel cell stacks, and also to mass power density. Aiming at a lightweight endplate and uniform deflection of the endplate, the purpose of this study is to model the endplate in...
Obesity represents a complex interplay between genetics, nutrition, and lifestyle. This study aimed to elucidate the intricate relationship between genetic variants, energy intake, and bioactive compounds in influencing obesity risk, particularly in...
Sucralose is a food additive initially used to mitigate glycemic peaks and calorie intake in patients with diabetes and obesity. Although sucralose has been considered safe for human consumption, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global al...
This study proposes a dual-fuel approach combining diesel and ammonia in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine to reduce harmful emissions from internal combustion. Diesel is directly injected into the combustion chamber, while ammonia is int...
This study presents a semi-empirical modeling approach based on an extensive parametric study using a spark-ignition port-injection engine. The experimental results are used to derive engine-out emission models for each regulated pollutant (CO, HC, N...
Intake throttling has been verified as an effective approach to increase the exhaust temperature of diesel engines, which could benefit the catalytic efficiency aftertreatment. To better understand the influence of intake throttling on the combustion...
In the context of promoting strategies to mitigate the global warming effect resulting from greenhouse gas emissions produced by human activities, ammonia stands out as an important player in the decarbonization of various sectors, including transpor...
Torque is the fundamental working parameter of the internal combustion engine (ICE). In a spark ignition (SI) ICE, static torque is a function of rotational speed and throttle angle. However, ICE inertia, the distance between the throttle and cylinde...
Establishing the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) process in a diesel engine, in order to improve exhaust emission quality while extending the HCCI regime, is one of the challenges in applying HCCI in worldwide applications. This can be...
Countries are paying increasing attention to environmental issues and are moving towards the goal of energy saving and carbon reduction. This research presents a method to analyse the effects of the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP) and water injection...
In this paper, a nonlinear active disturbance rejection control (NLADRC) strategy based on nonlinear extended state observer (NLESO) is proposed to solve the unmodeled dynamics, coupling and disturbance due to change of working point in the variable...
Centrifugal pumps are widely used in the industry, especially in the oil and gas sector for fluids transport. Classically, these are designed to transfer single phase fluids (e.g., water) at high flow rates and relatively low pressures when compared...
The article shows the results of measuring the mechanical losses of a piston engine in two new ways and explains the necessary engine modification for these measurements. At the same time, it compares the results of measuring mechanical losses in the...
The gradual exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves, along with the adverse effects of their consumption on global climate, drives the need for research into alternative energy sources that can meet the growing demand in a sustainable and eco-friendly way...
In the era of depletion of fossil fuels, there is an intensive search for renewable fuels for the internal combustion engine, which is the most efficient thermal machine in the power range of several kW to several MW. Hence, this article discusses th...
Due to the popularity of diesel engines, utilization of fossil fuel has increased. However, fossil fuel resources are depleting and their prices are increasing day by day. Additionally, the emissions from the burning of petroleum-derived fuel is harm...
The present paper describes and validates an efficient CFD implementation to replicate the working fluid-dynamics of a real four-stroke internal combustion engine. To do this, experimental data obtained on a single-cylinder engine are used to validat...
The present investigation analyzes the performance of a Hatz diesel engine that has 912 cubic centimeters (cc), stationary type, two cylinders, an air cooled feature and B10 (90% diesel and 10% palm biodiesel), using a test bench to improve statistic...
Generally, the compression ignition (CI) engine that runs with emulsified biofuel (EB) or higher viscosity fuel experiences inferior performance and a higher emission compared to petro diesel engines. The modification is necessary to standard engine...
This study explores the potentiality of low/zero carbon fuels such as methanol, methane and hydrogen for motor applications to pursue the goal of energy security and environmental sustainability. An experimental investigation was performed on a spark...
Cylinder deactivation (CDA) is an effective technique to improve fuel economy in spark ignition (SI) engines. This technique enhances volumetric efficiency and reduces throttling loss. However, practical implementation is restricted due to torque flu...
Experimental research is essential in the development of a hybrid electric vehicle. In this study, a bench test was conducted for a compound power-split hybrid electric vehicle (PSHEV) to analyze the real dynamic characteristics of its components and...
The tightening of diesel pollutant emission regulations has made Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) management through steady-state maps obsolete. To overcome the map’s scarce performance and efficiently manage the engine, control systems must co...
Today, Formula 1 race cars are equipped with complex hybrid electric powertrains that display significant cross-couplings between the internal combustion engine and the electrical energy recovery system. Given that a large number of these phenomena a...
Hydrogen is a carbon-neutral fuel, so in theory it holds enormous potential. The use of hydrogen as a fuel for traditional internal combustion engines is becoming increasingly prominent. The authors now have the opportunity to retrofit a single-cylin...
The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the unit gas emission value in the exhaust of a dual fuel diesel engine. The results of the effects of a diesel engine’s applications in biogas plants and the method for calculating...
Hydrogen is regarded as an ideal zero-carbon fuel for an internal combustion engine. However, the low mass flow rate of the hydrogen injector and the low volume heat value of the hydrogen strongly restrict the enhancement of the hydrogen engine perfo...
Vitamin C (VC)—a collective term for the different oxidation and protonation forms of ascorbic acid (AscH)—is an essential micronutrient that serves as (i) a potent antioxidant and (ii) a cofactor of a manifold of enzymatic processes. Its...
This study examines the effects of ethanol and gasoline injection mode on the combustion performance and exhaust emissions of a twin cylinder port fuel injection (PFI) spark ignition (SI) engine. Generally, when using gasoline–ethanol blends, a...
Nigella sativa (NS) is a native herb consumed habitually in several countries worldwide, possessing manifold therapeutic properties. Among them, anti-inflammatory features have been reported, presumably relating to mechanisms involved in the nuclear...
This article discusses the potential of using the double-Wiebe function to model combustion in a compression-ignition engine fueled by diesel fuel or its substitutes, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and rapeseed methyl ester (RME), and hydro...
While operating at light loads, diesel pilot-ignited natural gas engines with lean premixed natural gas suffer from poor combustion efficiency and high methane emissions. This work investigates the limits of low-load operation for a micro-pilot diese...
Plastic waste is the largest volume of waste and the most discarded, and it has a direct negative impact on the environment. Therefore, the pyrolysis oil process is an essential and sustainable solution to reduce plastic waste accumulation. However,...
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