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240 Results Found

  • Data Descriptor
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,274 Views
8 Pages

UIBVFED-Mask: A Dataset for Comparing Facial Expressions with and without Face Masks

  • Miquel Mascaró-Oliver,
  • Ramon Mas-Sansó,
  • Esperança Amengual-Alcover and
  • Maria Francesca Roig-Maimó

11 January 2023

After the COVID-19 pandemic the use of face masks has become a common practice in many situations. Partial occlusion of the face due to the use of masks poses new challenges for facial expression recognition because of the loss of significant facial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
45 Citations
6,522 Views
14 Pages

An Environmentally Friendly Solution for Waste Facial Masks Recycled in Construction Materials

  • Madad Ali,
  • Maria Jade Catalan Opulencia,
  • Teddy Chandra,
  • Stefani Chandra,
  • Iskandar Muda,
  • Rui Dias,
  • Paitoon Chetthamrongchai and
  • Abduladheem Turki Jalil

17 July 2022

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, single-use disposable masks saw a dramatic rise in production. Facial masks that are not properly disposed of will expose the environment to a form of non-biodegradable plastic waste that will take hundreds of ye...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,551 Views
16 Pages

PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations

  • Jian-Hong Lin,
  • Bing-Chiuan Shiu,
  • Po-Wen Hsu,
  • Ching-Wen Lou and
  • Jia-Horng Lin

22 October 2022

In the wake of increasing demands on skin health, we propose simple, natural, and safe dry facial masks that restrict melanin synthesis. Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica) is made into powders via a low-temperature extraction and freeze-drying process...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,852 Views
7 Pages

The Impact of Face Masks Used for COVID-19 Prevention on Emotion Recognition in Facial Expressions: An Experimental Study

  • Matteo Rizzato,
  • Michele Antonelli,
  • Sharon D’Anzi,
  • Cinzia Di Dio,
  • Antonella Marchetti and
  • Davide Donelli

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of face masks used for COVID-19 prevention on emotion recognition in facial expressions. Seventy-two (72) adult participants (48 females, 24 males) attempted to correctly identify different emotions displayed b...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,986 Views
9 Pages

Benchmarking Computer-Vision-Based Facial Emotion Classification Algorithms While Wearing Surgical Masks

  • Luis Coelho,
  • Sara Reis,
  • Cristina Moreira,
  • Helena Cardoso,
  • Miguela Sequeira and
  • Raquel Coelho

Effective human communication relies heavily on emotions, making them a crucial aspect of interaction. As technology progresses, the desire for machines to exhibit more human-like characteristics, including emotion recognition, grows. DeepFace has em...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6,066 Views
11 Pages

Most people want effective anti-aging and skin-brightening products. Although red-to-near-infrared (R/NIR) spectroscopy has recently been used in cosmetology, its practical use with high efficacy for anti-aging and skin brightening remains challengin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
120 Views
24 Pages

16 January 2026

This research sought to examine differences in the cross-modal facilitation effect of voice on facial identity recognition under mask occlusion for both oneself and others. Employing a facial recognition paradigm, we examined the influence of voice o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
9,067 Views
24 Pages

Spartan Face Mask Detection and Facial Recognition System

  • Ziwei Song,
  • Kristie Nguyen,
  • Tien Nguyen,
  • Catherine Cho and
  • Jerry Gao

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), wearing a face mask is one of the most effective protections from airborne infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Since the spread of COVID-19, infected countries have been enforcing strict mask regula...

  • Article
  • Open Access
68 Citations
29,037 Views
19 Pages

Facial Recognition System for People with and without Face Mask in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic

  • Jonathan S. Talahua,
  • Jorge Buele,
  • P. Calvopiña and
  • José Varela-Aldás

18 June 2021

In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the use of a face mask as a mandatory biosafety measure. This has caused problems in current facial recognition systems, motivating the development of this research. T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,958 Views
17 Pages

18 October 2022

Unlike masking human faces from images, facial masking in real-time, frame by frame from a video stream, presents technical challenges related to various factors such as camera-to-human distance, head direction, and mosaic schemes. In many existing s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
237 Views
19 Pages

9 January 2026

The study proposes a sensor-based experimental protocol for quantifying dynamic facial temperature changes during face mask use by means of infrared thermography (IRT). Eight face masks, including filtering respirators, surgical masks, and one textil...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,986 Views
33 Pages

19 April 2023

Facial-image-based age estimation is being increasingly used in various fields. Examples include statistical marketing analysis based on age-specific product preferences, medical applications such as beauty products and telemedicine, and age-based su...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,034 Views
22 Pages

27 December 2023

Elevated face temperature due to mask wearing can cause discomfort and skin irritation, making mask mandates challenging. When thermal discomfort becomes intolerable, individuals instinctively or unknowingly loosen or remove their facemasks, compromi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,115 Views
20 Pages

26 September 2025

Facial expression recognition (FER), applied in fields such as interaction and intelligent security, has seen widespread development with the advancement of machine vision technology. However, in natural environments, faces are often obscured by mask...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,165 Views
8 Pages

11 April 2022

Mask wearing is described as one of the main public health measures against COVID-19. Mask wearing induces various types of subjective and objective facial skin damage, such as hair pore dilatation and redness. Facial pore size and redness show morni...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,956 Views
11 Pages

Chemical and Rheological Characterization of a Facial Mask Containing an Olive Pomace Fraction

  • Raquel Rodrigues,
  • Joana C. Lobo,
  • Diana M. Ferreira,
  • Ewa Senderowicz,
  • M. Antónia Nunes,
  • M. Helena Amaral,
  • Rita C. Alves and
  • M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira

Cosmetic interest in agro-industrial byproducts is growing. In fact, many studies have shown that these residues present bioactive compounds with several skincare applications. One example is olive byproducts, such as olive pomace, which has a compos...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,157 Views
14 Pages

Social cognition deficits have been described in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), even in absence of a global cognitive impairment, affecting predominantly the ability to adequately process emotions from human faces. The COVID-19 pandemic has f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,660 Views
10 Pages

Facial Hair Decreases Fit Factor of Masks and Respirators in Healthcare Providers

  • Borja De-Yñigo-Mojado,
  • Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo,
  • Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias,
  • Javier Madera-García,
  • David Rodríguez-Sanz,
  • Cesar Calvo-Lobo,
  • Daniel López-López,
  • María Teresa Angulo-Carrere and
  • Marta San-Antolín

12 October 2021

In response to the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers are using common surgical masks and filtering respirators in conjunction with the presence of facial hair, which could lead to a large number of particles passing into th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
345 Views
19 Pages

Production and Characterization of a Pullulan-Based Facial Mask Incorporating Grape Seed Flour Extract for Cosmeceutical Applications

  • Ester Ferreira,
  • Bárbara Encarnação,
  • José Francisco Cascalheira,
  • Eugenia Gallardo,
  • Susana Ferreira,
  • Ana Ramos,
  • Fernanda Domingues and
  • Ângelo Luís

8 December 2025

This study aimed to develop and characterize an eco-friendly facial mask based on the pullulan biopolymer incorporating grape seed flour extract, a sustainable source of polyphenols. The extract was characterized by its phenolic content, antioxidant...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
10,722 Views
13 Pages

Venom in Furs: Facial Masks as Aposematic Signals in a Venomous Mammal

  • K. Anne-Isola Nekaris,
  • Ariana Weldon,
  • Muhammad Ali Imron,
  • Keely Q. Maynard,
  • Vincent Nijman,
  • Stephanie A. Poindexter and
  • Thais Queiroz Morcatty

5 February 2019

The function of colouration in animals includes concealment, communication and signaling, such as the use of aposematism as a warning signal. Aposematism is unusual in mammals, and exceptions help us to understand its ecology and evolution. The Javan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
933 Views
18 Pages

15 December 2025

This study introduces a novel oxygenating facial mask enriched with hemp seed extract, which uniquely combines advanced bubble-generating technology with botanically derived antioxidants for enhanced skin care. The innovative mask forms microbubbles...

  • Article
  • Open Access
71 Citations
11,033 Views
13 Pages

Recycling of Waste Facial Masks as a Construction Material, a Step towards Sustainability

  • Maria Idrees,
  • Arslan Akbar,
  • Abdeliazim Mustafa Mohamed,
  • Dina Fathi and
  • Farhan Saeed

28 February 2022

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, a sudden surge in the production and utilization of disposable, single-use facial masks has been observed. Delinquency in proper disposal of used facial masks endangers the environment with a new form of non-biodegradable...

  • Article
  • Open Access
197 Citations
17,956 Views
9 Pages

Individual respiratory protective devices and face masks represent critical tools in protecting health care workers in hospitals and clinics, and play a central role in decreasing the spread of the high-risk pandemic infection of 2019, coronavirus di...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,538 Views
17 Pages

19 December 2023

The emergence of facial masks as a critical health intervention to prevent the spread of airborne disease and protect from occupational nanomaterial exposure highlights the need for fundamental insights into the interaction of nanoparticles (<200...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,782 Views
31 Pages

4 February 2025

Bovine colostrum is a bioactive compound with potential in cosmetic applications but has a limited shelf life. This study aimed to develop an effective encapsulation system for bovine colostrum using the complex coacervation method and incorporate it...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,027 Views
17 Pages

Preparation of Quick-Dissolving Nanofiber Face Masks Based on Needleless Electrostatic Spinning

  • Jingyi Hu,
  • Xiaojie Chen,
  • Jianmin Jiang,
  • Renbiao Mai,
  • Han Wang,
  • Qiming Xu and
  • Ting Zhang

5 June 2024

As the global facial mask market continues to grow, consumers have put forward higher requirements for the functionality and ingredients of mask products. Ordinary facial masks mostly use ordinary non-woven fabrics as the mask base fabric and are use...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,922 Views
22 Pages

Emotion Recognition for Partial Faces Using a Feature Vector Technique

  • Ratanak Khoeun,
  • Ponlawat Chophuk and
  • Krisana Chinnasarn

19 June 2022

Wearing a facial mask is indispensable in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, it has tremendous effects on the performance of existing facial emotion recognition approaches. In this paper, we propose a feature vector technique comprising three main steps...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,819 Views
13 Pages

This study investigates age and cultural differences in the negative effects of senders’ wearing masks on receivers’ readabilities of senders’ facially expressed emotions in interpersonal interactions. An online experiment was thus conducted with Kor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,821 Views
10 Pages

Acute Effects of Facial Coverings on Anaerobic Exercise Performance in College-Aged Adults

  • Ryan T. Conners,
  • Paul N. Whitehead,
  • Thomas Skarp,
  • Briana Waller,
  • Mark Richard,
  • Carrington Bain,
  • Megan Monks and
  • Mark A. Faghy

The use of facial coverings has been amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic as a means to minimize the spread of disease. However, facial coverings may impede ventilation during high-intensity activity, leading to a reduction in cardiopulmonary exerc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,580 Views
16 Pages

15 May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted society, having led to a lack of social skills in children who became used to interacting with others while wearing masks. To analyze this issue, we investigated the effects of masks on face identifica...

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
10,581 Views
18 Pages

Development of Real-Time Landmark-Based Emotion Recognition CNN for Masked Faces

  • Akhmedov Farkhod,
  • Akmalbek Bobomirzaevich Abdusalomov,
  • Mukhriddin Mukhiddinov and
  • Young-Im Cho

11 November 2022

Owing to the availability of a wide range of emotion recognition applications in our lives, such as for mental status calculation, the demand for high-performance emotion recognition approaches remains uncertain. Nevertheless, the wearing of facial m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,278 Views
15 Pages

An Optimization-Based Technology Applied for Face Skin Symptom Detection

  • Yuan-Hsun Liao,
  • Po-Chun Chang,
  • Chun-Cheng Wang and
  • Hsiao-Hui Li

29 November 2022

Face recognition segmentation is very important for symptom detection, especially in the case of complex image backgrounds or noise. The complexity of the photo background, the clarity of the facial expressions, or the interference of other people&rs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,852 Views
14 Pages

31 May 2022

Research on facial recognition has recently been flourishing, which has led to the introduction of many robust methods. However, since the worldwide outbreak of COVID-19, people have had to regularly wear facial masks, thus making existing face recog...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
4,828 Views
18 Pages

Development of Sustainable Hydrophilic Azadirachta indica Loaded PVA Nanomembranes for Cosmetic Facemask Applications

  • Rizwan Tahir,
  • Hasan B. Albargi,
  • Adnan Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Bilal Qadir,
  • Zubair Khaliq,
  • Ahsan Nazir,
  • Tanzeela Khalid,
  • Misbah Batool,
  • Salman Noshear Arshad and
  • Farid A. Harraz
  • + 2 authors

26 January 2023

Nanofiber-based facial masks have attracted the attention of modern cosmetic applications due to their controlled drug release, biocompatibility, and better efficiency. In this work, Azadirachta indica extract (AI) incorporated electrospun polyvinyl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,705 Views
20 Pages

Oleuropein-Rich Gellan Gum/Alginate Films as Innovative Treatments against Photo-Induced Skin Aging

  • Francesco Busto,
  • Caterina Licini,
  • Alessia Luccarini,
  • Elisabetta Damiani,
  • Monica Mattioli-Belmonte,
  • Stefania Cometa and
  • Elvira De Giglio

Olea europaea L. leaf extracts (OLEs) represent highly value-added agro-industrial byproducts, being promising sources of significant antioxidant compounds, such as their main component, oleuropein. In this work, hydrogel films based on low-acyl gell...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,037 Views
16 Pages

Dimensions of Alexithymia and Identification of Emotions in Masked and Unmasked Faces

  • Thomas Suslow,
  • Anette Kersting and
  • Charlott Maria Bodenschatz

9 August 2024

Alexithymia, a multifaceted personality construct, is known to be related to difficulties in the decoding of emotional facial expressions, especially in case of suboptimal stimuli. The present study investigated whether and which facets of alexithymi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,372 Views
18 Pages

24 August 2025

Although prior research has examined how facial covering affects observers’ cognition and attitude, the psychological experiences of individuals with facial coverings themselves and their subsequent behavioral consequences still need to be more...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,822 Views
21 Pages

Bioactive Bacterial Nanocellulose Membranes Enriched with Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Leaves Aqueous Extract for Anti-Aging Skin Care Applications

  • Tânia Almeida,
  • Patrícia Moreira,
  • Fábio J. Sousa,
  • Cláudia Pereira,
  • Armando J. D. Silvestre,
  • Carla Vilela and
  • Carmen S. R. Freire

7 March 2022

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes, with remarkable physical and mechanical properties, emerged as a versatile biopolymeric carrier of bioactive compounds for skin care applications. In this study, BNC membranes were loaded with glycerol (as pla...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,153 Views
10 Pages

Radon Progeny Adsorption on Facial Masks

  • Annika Hinrichs,
  • Claudia Fournier,
  • Gerhard Kraft and
  • Andreas Maier

The radioactive noble gas radon and its short-living progeny are inhaled during respiration, depositing their decay energies in the lungs. These progeny are considered responsible for more than 95% of the total effective dose and are, together with r...

  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
8,209 Views
10 Pages

Maskne: The Epidemic within the Pandemic: From Diagnosis to Therapy

  • Cristina Beatrice Spigariolo,
  • Serena Giacalone and
  • Gianluca Nazzaro

26 January 2022

Maskne, a newly coined term deriving from the contraction of mask-related acne, is a form of mechanical acne resulting from continuous textile–skin adherence and friction. Prolonged mask use heats up the face environment, thus modifying skin mi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,936 Views
14 Pages

Molecular Action Mechanism of Coixol from Soft-Shelled Adlay on Tyrosinase: The Future of Cosmetics

  • Li-Yun Lin,
  • Yi-Lun Liao,
  • Min-Hung Chen,
  • Shih-Feng Chang,
  • Kuan-Chou Chen and
  • Robert Y. Peng

20 July 2022

Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen L. Gramineae is widely cultivated in Taiwan. Literature regarding the molecular action mechanism of coixol on tyrosinase and the application of coicis seed extracts to the processing of facial masks is still lacking. So...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,435 Views
14 Pages

The purpose of this study was to investigate the neural activity evoked by facial attractiveness in conscious and subliminal conditions. The 41 participants judged facial attractiveness in a conscious condition and a subliminal condition (backward ma...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,186 Views
14 Pages

Facial Feature Model for a Portrait Video Stylization

  • Dongxue Liang,
  • Kyoungju Park and
  • Przemyslaw Krompiec

28 September 2018

With the advent of the deep learning method, portrait video stylization has become more popular. In this paper, we present a robust method for automatically stylizing portrait videos that contain small human faces. By extending the Mask Regions with...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,354 Views
15 Pages

Development of Personalized Non-Invasive Ventilation Interfaces for Neonatal and Pediatric Application Using Additive Manufacturing

  • Marit Bockstedte,
  • Alexander B. Xepapadeas,
  • Sebastian Spintzyk,
  • Christian F. Poets,
  • Bernd Koos and
  • Maite Aretxabaleta

8 April 2022

The objective of this study was to present a methodology and manufacturing workflow for non-invasive ventilation interfaces (NIV) for neonates and small infants. It aimed to procure a fast and feasible solution for personalized NIV produced in-house...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,826 Views
17 Pages

Development of a Robust Multi-Scale Featured Local Binary Pattern for Improved Facial Expression Recognition

  • Suraiya Yasmin,
  • Refat Khan Pathan,
  • Munmun Biswas,
  • Mayeen Uddin Khandaker and
  • Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque

21 September 2020

Compelling facial expression recognition (FER) processes have been utilized in very successful fields like computer vision, robotics, artificial intelligence, and dynamic texture recognition. However, the FER’s critical problem with traditional...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
23,641 Views
24 Pages

11 January 2023

Facial skin condition is perceived as a vital indicator of the person’s apparent age, perceived beauty, and degree of health. Machine-learning-based software analytics on facial skin conditions can be a time- and cost-efficient alternative to t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,050 Views
25 Pages

14 November 2025

The present study examined associations between presence/absence of a mask and facial emotion recognition, and how interoceptive awareness, i.e., the perception of internal bodily sensations, may influence associations between them. Eighty-two univer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,463 Views
14 Pages

Training Protocol for Nellore Cattle in Respirometry Flow Trials Using Non-Ventilated Facial Mask

  • Érika Cristina Dias de Oliveira Brelaz,
  • Gustavo André Bernado Moura,
  • Vinícius de França Carvalho Fonsêca,
  • Juliete Amanda Theodora de Almeida,
  • Bruno Rodrigo Simão and
  • Alex Sandro Campos Maia

8 October 2024

Training is instrumental in identifying and selecting cattle that exhibit greater cooperation with experimental conditions required in flow respirometry assays, like restraint and the use of a valved facial mask. In our study, a tailored training pro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,534 Views
15 Pages

Preliminary Study on the Development of a Real-Time Pressure-Monitoring Facial Mask for Burn Rehabilitation

  • Hyunjun Shin,
  • Gyung-Jin Jeon,
  • Seok-Jin Hwang,
  • Hyeonseok Cho,
  • Young-Min Cho,
  • Hyoung-Soon Youn,
  • Jisu Seo,
  • Sehoon Park,
  • Yoon-Soo Cho and
  • Gyu-Seok Kim

The most common aftereffect of severe burns in patients is hypertrophic scarring. Hypertrophic scars typically form following severe burns; it refers to excessive collagen production in the dermal layer during the healing process, resulting in an abn...

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