340 Results Found

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a vital method in neurorehabilitation used to reanimate paralyzed muscles, enhance the size and strength of atrophied muscles, and reduce spasticity. FES often leads to increased muscle fatigue, necessitatin...

Microelectrodes for pain management, neural prosthesis or assistances have a huge medical demand, such as the application of pain management chip or retinal prosthesis addressed on age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the retinitis pigmentosa (...

Solid-state plastic crystal electrolytes (SPCEs) have attracted much attention due to their high ionic conductivity at room temperature and polymer-like plasticity. Herein, we made a LiFePO₄||Li solid state battery based on SPCEs. A SPCE film is made...

High-energy-density lithium metal batteries with high safety and stability are urgently needed. Designing the novel nonflammable electrolytes possessing superior interface compatibility and stability is critical to achieve the stable cycling of batte...

Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) offer a convenient means of converting chemical energy into electricity with high performance and efficiency at low- and intermediate-temperature ranges. However, in order to ensure good life-time stability of PCFC...

Organic rechargeable batteries that do not use any scarce heavy metals are candidates for the next generation of rechargeable batteries; although, it is not easy to realize both high capacity and long cycle life. Organic compounds linked by amide bon...

Advancements in brain–machine interfaces and neurological treatments urgently require the development of improved brain electrodes applied for long-term implantation, where traditional and polymer options face challenges like size, tissue damag...

In nature, solar energy is captured by different types of light harvesting protein–pigment complexes. Two of these photoactivatable proteins are bacteriorhodopsin (bR), which utilizes a retinal moiety to function as a proton pump, and photosyst...

The aim of the study is to evaluate the usability aspects of new deployable, expandable, electrode prototypes, in terms of suitability solutions for laparoscopic applications on the liver, endoscopic trans-oral and trans-anal procedures, electroporat...

The subject of the submitted work is the proposal of electrodes for the continual measurement of the glucose concentration for the purpose of specifying further hemodynamic parameters. The proposal includes the design of the electronic measuring syst...

A recyclability perspective is essential in the sustainable development of energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but the development of LIBs prioritizes battery capacity and energy density over recyclability, and hence, the re...

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is widely accepted as an effective and non-destructive method to assess cell health during cell-culture. However, there is a lack of compact devices compatible with microfluidic integration and microscopy...

This review paper focuses on the phenomenon of thermochemical expansion of two specific categories of conducting ceramics: Proton Conducting Ceramics (PCC) and Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductors (MIEC). The theory of thermal expansion of ceramics is u...

The foreign body reaction to neuronal electrode implants limits potential applications as well as the therapeutic period. Developments in the basic electrode design might improve the tissue compatibility and thereby reduce the foreign body reaction....

There is an urgent need to fulfill future energy demands for micro and nanoelectronics. This work outlines a number of important design features for carbon-based microsupercapacitors, which enhance both their performance and integration potential and...

The Open-electroencephalography (EEG) framework is a popular platform to enable EEG measurements and general purposes Brain Computer Interface experimentations. However, the current platform is limited by the number of available channels and electrod...

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are a potential alternative to conventional transparent conductive materials for various applications, such as flexible and transparent electrodes in optoelectronic devices, including touch screens, solar cells, and flexible...

Traditional capacitive tactile sensor sheets usually have a three-layered structure, with a dielectric layer sandwiched by two electrode layers. Each electrode layer has a number of parallel ribbon-like electrodes. The electrodes on the two electrode...

Strontium and cobalt-free LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–δ is considered one of the most promising electrodes for solid-state electrochemical devices. LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–δ has high electrical conductivity, a suitable thermal expansion coefficient, satisfactory tolerance...

Bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ PSCs) are very promising organic-based devices for low-cost solar energy conversion, compatible with roll-to-roll or general printing methods for mass production. Nevertheless, to date, many issues should...

With the rapidly aging society and increased concern for personal cardiovascular health, novel, flexible electrodes suitable for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring are in demand. Based on the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of g...

Indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrodes are troubled with high cost and poor mechanical stability. In this study, layer-by-layer (LBL)-processed thin films with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) exhibited high transparency and electrical c...

The electrode, as one of the most critical components in a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) cell for hydrogen production, has a significant impact on cell performance. Electrodes that are fabricated via various techniques may exhib...

We report the use of four-layer graphene (4LG) as a highly reliable transparent conductive electrode (TCE) for polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)-based smart window devices. The adhesion between 4LG and the substrate was successfully improved th...

Dielectric/Ag/dielectric (DAD) multilayer thin-film transparent electrode features high visible-light transmittance, low sheet resistance, good mechanical flexibility, and low haze. The fabrication techniques are compatible with large-scale integrate...

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used to fabricate conductive organic coatings for electrodes in electrophysiology. As these devices move toward clinical translation, establishing sterilization method...

Miniaturized energy storage devices, such as electrostatic nanocapacitors and electrochemical micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), are important components in on-chip energy supply systems, facilitating the development of autonomous microelectronic devices...

In this work, the ferroelectric characteristic of a 5 nm Hf_0.5Zr_0.5O₂ (HZO) metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MFIS) device is enhanced through strained complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible TiN electrode engineering. St...

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are seen as the key component in the development of solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs) by virtue of their good processability and flexibility. However, poor mechanical strength, low room-temperature lithium-ion (L...

Patch-type hydrogel electrodes have received increasing attention in biomedical applications due to their high biocompatibility and conformal adherence. However, their poor mechanical properties and non-uniform electrical performance in a large area...

In this paper, a fabrication method for two-dimensional multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) using inexpensive material and method is proposed. The focus in this work is on the design and fabrication of 2D Microelectrode arrays using metallic electrodes on...

Silver materials are known to present excellent properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity as well as chemical stability. Silver-based inks have drawn a lot of attention for being compatible with various substrates, which can be use...

A binder-free aluminum (Al) electrode was fabricated by electrodeposition on a three-dimensional copper foam (^3DCu) or carbon fabric (^3DCF) from a mixed-halide ionic liquid. The strong adhesion, structural stability and interface compatibility betwee...

To study drug response on human heart cells and predict drug induced cardiotoxicity, a microfluidic cell culture device with an integrated microelectrode array (MEA) is a promising approach. Here we integrate flexible MEA into microengineered and mic...

Flexible polymer-based actuators, often also called artificial muscles, are an essential part of biomimetic systems that mimic the movement principles of animal world creatures. The most used electrode material to force the actuator move is an ensemb...

This study focuses on the electrochemical behavior of thin-layer fibrous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) electrospun electrodes in commercial and research and development stage organic-solvent and ionic liquid (IL) based electrolytes. The majority of ea...

Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is still a new high-precision surface detection technique. However, the adsorption quality detected by the QCM currently contains a solvent-coupling quality and cannot separate the actual biomolecular mass. Local sur...

This study aims at developing a miniaturized CMOS integrated silicon-based microfluidic system, compatible with a standard CMOS process, to enable the characterization, and separation of live and dead yeast cells (as model bio-particle organisms) in...

As a popular energy storage equipment, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have many advantages, such as high energy density and long cycle life. At this stage, with the increasing demand for energy storage materials, the industrialization of batteries is f...

An inverted ridge 3D thermal optical (TO) switch of a graphene-coated polymer/silica hybrid waveguide is proposed. The side electrode structure is designed to reduce the mode loss induced by the graphene film and by heating the electrode. The graphen...

The electrochemical cell is designed with a conductive substrate (working electrode) where deposition takes place within a three-electrode cell. In order to complete the electrochemical circuit, the cell has been equipped with a counter electrode (CE...

Ag nanowire electrodes are promising substitutes for traditional indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes in optoelectronic applications owing to their impressive conductivity, flexibility, and transparency. This review provides an overview of recent trends...

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) were demonstrated as a promising technology for large-scale energy storage due to their low cost, recyclability, and impressively fast charge capability. Graphite as a commonly used cathode material in DIBs, however, suffers...

This paper outlines the development of e-textile haptic feedback gloves for virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) applications. The prototype e-textile glove contains six Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) flexible circuits embroidered on the fabric and...

In archaeological applications the accurate reconstruction of buried structures is mandatory. Electrical resistivity tomography is widely used for this purpose. Nevertheless, resistivity errors could be generated by wrong placement of electrodes. Pap...

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has the merits of high electrical conductivity and solution processability, and can be dispersed in water. To improve the stretchability of PEDOT:PSS-based transparent electrode film...

The fast development of portable electronics demands electrodes for supercapacitors that are compatible with miniaturized device applications. In this study, an orderly aligned coaxial bilayer nanotube array made of transition metal/transition metal...

Nanoparticles of TiO₂ are suitable for many catalytic and photocatalytic applications due to their extraordinary properties such as superhydrophobicity, semiconductivity, electron-rich, and environmental compatibility. The main crystalline phases of...

Layered intercalating V₂O₅ (vanadium pentoxide) is a durable battery-type electrode material exploited in supercapacitors. The advancement of V₂O₅ nanomaterials synthesized from non-aqueous organic solvents holds significant potential for energy stor...

The horizontal flatbed electrophoresis method is employed to separate protein samples, providing greater flexibility for various electrophoretic applications and easier sample loading compared to its vertical counterpart. In the currently available e...