38,315 Results Found

A significant amount of noteworthy articles reviewing different label-free biosensors are being published in the last years. Most of the times, the comparison among the different biosensors is limited by the procedure used of calculating the limit of...

An aerosol electrometer with enhanced detection limit was developed for measuring the collected particles electrical current ranging from −50 pA to 50 pA with no range switching necessary. The detection limit was enhanced by suppressing the ele...

SO₂ ultraviolet (UV) camera technology has been successfully applied to the accurate imaging detection of pollutant gas concentration; however, the actual detection ability of this technology has not been intensively studied, especially the detection...

Waveguide-based photonic sensors provide a unique combination of high sensitivity, compact size and label-free, multiplexed operation. Interferometric configurations furthermore enable a simple, fixed-wavelength read-out making them particularly suit...

In order to evaluate the tracking capability of optoelectric tracking for an orbital target, the limit magnitude detection performance calculation model and its calculation method are studied. Combining the optical signal characteristics of the track...

Currently, there are no established procedures for limit of detection (LOD) evaluation in multisensor system studies, which complicates their correct comparison with other analytical techniques and hinders further development of the method. In this s...

Processes in biotechnology are considered reliable if they produce samples satisfying regulatory benchmarks. For example, laboratories may be required to show that levels of an undesirable analyte rarely (e.g., in less than 5% of samples) exceed a to...

Community structure is one of the most important features of complex networks. Modularity-based methods for community detection typically rely on heuristic algorithms to optimize a specific community quality function. Such methods have two major limi...

Breath analysis is considered to be an effective method for point-of-care diagnosis due to its noninvasiveness, quickness and simplicity. Gas sensors for breath analysis require detection of low-concentration substances. In this paper, we propose tha...

Methane hydrate is a crystalline compound in which methane is trapped within a water lattice under high-pressure, low-temperature conditions. Its presence in oceanic and permafrost sediments makes it a promising alternative energy source, but also a...

Ammonia (NH₃) is one of the characteristic gases used to detect food spoilage. In this study, the 10 wt% Ag-NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposite was synthesized via the hydrothermal method. Characterization results from SEM, XRD, and XPS analyzed the microstructure...

Existing transportation infrastructure and traffic control systems face increasing strain as a result of rising demand, resulting in frequent congestion. Expanding infrastructure is not a feasible solution for enhancing the capacity of the road. Henc...

A highly sensitive refractive index sensor with low detection limit based on an asymmetric optical microfiber coupler is proposed. It is composed of a silica optical microfiber and an As₂Se₃ optical microfiber. Due to the asymmetry of the microfiber...

Gas sensing is essential for detecting and measuring gas concentrations across various environments, with applications in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and healthcare. The integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials, organic material...

Reference intervals are indispensable for the interpretation of medical laboratory results to distinguish “normal” from “pathological” values. Recently, indirect methods have been published, which estimate reference intervals...

A long-range surface plasmonic resonance (LR-SPR) biosensor modified with double-antibody sandwich immunoassay and plasmonic coupling is demonstrated for human-immunoglobulin G detection with a low limit of detection (LOD). The double-antibody sandwi...

Gas cloud imaging with uncooled infrared spectroscopy is influenced by ambient temperature, complicating the quantitative detection of gas concentrations in open environments. To solve the aforementioned challenges, the paper analyzes the main factor...

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has historically proven to be a powerful surveillance tool, particularly during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Effective WBE depends on the sensitive detection of pathogens in wastewater. However, determining the process...

There is growing scientific interest in identifying the multitude of chemical exposures related to human diseases through mixture analysis. In this paper, we address the issue of below detection limit (BDL) missing data in mixture analysis using Baye...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health threat and has remained a leading cause of death in many parts of the world. Rapid and accurate testing and timely diagnosis can improve treatment efficacy and reduce new exposures. The Cepheid Xpert&r...

The Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) card, a cotton-based cellulose membrane impregnated with a chaotropic agent, effectively inactivates infectious microorganisms, lyses cellular material, and fixes nucleic acid. The aim of this study is to asse...

In a combustion reaction of hydrocarbon fuel, carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas species that is closely related to air pollution generation and combustion efficiency. It has a trade-off with nitrogen oxide and increases rapidly in case of incomplete comb...

We discuss the detection limit for refractometric sensors relying on high-Q optical cavities and show that the ultimate classical detection limit is given by min {Δn} ≳ η with n + iη being the complex refractive index of the material under refractome...

Low-cost particle sensors are now used worldwide to monitor outdoor air quality. However, they have only been in wide use for a few years. Are they reliable? Does their performance deteriorate over time? Are the algorithms for calculating PM_2.5 conce...

This paper is on the autonomous detection of humans in off-limits mountains. In off-limits mountains, a human rarely exists, thus human detection is an extremely rare event. Due to the advances in artificial intelligence, object detection–class...

Over the last decades, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as selective synthetic receptors that have a selective binding site for specific analytes/target molecules. MIPs are synthetic analogues to the natural biological antigen&ndash...

The Dismantling and Decommissioning (D&D) of nuclear facilities poses several challenges for radioactivity measurement laboratories involved in environmental radiation monitoring plans. One of them is the definition of the detection limits to be...

Foodborne illnesses can be infectious and dangerous, and most of them are caused by bacteria. Some common food-related bacteria species exist widely in nature and pose a serious threat to both humans and animals; they can cause poisoning, diseases, d...

A key enabler for Cognitive Radio (CR) is spectrum sensing, which is physically implemented by sensor and actuator networks typically using the popular energy detection method. The threshold of the binary hypothesis for energy detection is generally...

We have developed a method to determine the limit of detection (LoD) for quantitative measurement of exogenous analytes in the outer layer of the human skin by in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy. The method is in accordance with the guidelines of th...

Tomato leaf diseases cause substantial yield and quality losses worldwide, yet reliable detection in real fields remains challenging. Two practical bottlenecks dominate current research: (i) limited data, including small samples for rare diseases, cl...

Ibuprofen is one of the best-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. Following the previous work, the current study is focused on estimating the effect of different chromatographic conditions on the sensitivity of thin-layer chromat...

Recent deep models trained on large-scale RGB datasets lead to considerable achievements in visual detection tasks. However, the training examples are often limited for an infrared detection task, which may deteriorate the performance of deep detecto...

The objectives of this paper will be to discuss the issues related to the determination of the limits of detection (LOD) in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analytical applications. The derivation of the commonly used ‘3-sigma over s...

It is necessary to determine the limit of detection when validating any analytical method. For methods with a linear response, a simple and low labor-consuming procedure is to use the linear regression parameters obtained in the calibration to estima...

The main aim of this work is to define the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for polyethylene (PE) particles using a pyrolysis and oxidation-based method, the thermal Rock-Eval^® device, combined with a mathematical extrapolation...

Identifying the structural state without baseline data is an important engineering problem in the field of structural health monitoring, which is crucial for assessing the safety condition of structures. In the context of limited accelerometers avail...

The detection of adenine molecules at very low concentrations is important for biological and medical research and applications. This paper reports a silver-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor with a very low detection limit for ade...

Smart, ultra-scaled, always-on wearable, and implantable (WI) sensors are an exciting frontier in personalized medicine. These sensors integrate sensing and actuation capabilities, enabling real-time analyte detection for on-demand drug delivery, aki...

Shotgun proteomics has proven to be an attractive alternative for identifying a pathogen and characterizing the antimicrobial resistance genes it produces. Because of its performance, proteotyping of microorganisms by tandem mass spectrometry is expe...

Quantifying and controlling fugitive methane emissions from oil and gas facilities remains essential for addressing climate goals, but the costs associated with monitoring millions of production sites remain prohibitively expensive. Current thinking,...

Wheat stripe rust (WSR) is an airborne disease that causes severe damage to wheat. The rapid and early detection of WSR is essential for the prevention and control of this disease. The minimum detection limit (MDL) is one of the most important charac...

As a vital transition metal species, cobalt ions (Co²⁺) play a critical role in industrial and medical fields. However, uncontrolled release into ecosystems via industrial effluents presents significant environmental risks. To address this, a prism-c...

We report on a novel optical microcavity sensing scheme by using the orthogonal demodulation Pound–Drever–Hall (PDH) technique. We found that larger sensitivity in a broad range of cavity quality factor (Q) could be obtained. Taking micro...

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is an extremely versatile tool that has been widely used to measure chemical reaction rates, protein binding, nanoparticle-protein interactions, and biomolecular dynamics in vitro and in vivo. As an inheren...

The increasing demand for wearable glucose sensing has stimulated growing interest in stretchable electrodes. The development of the electrode materials having large stretchability, low detection limit, and good selectivity is the key component for c...

The Concordia Research Station provides a unique location for preparatory activities for future human journey to Mars, to explore microbial diversity at subzero temperatures, and monitor the dissemination of human-associated microorganisms within the...

In this study, nanoporous gold (NPG) was synthesized by free corrosion dealloying of an amorphous precursor, Au₂₀Cu₄₈Ag₇Pd₅Si₂₀ (at. %), in a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acid, starting from amorphous melt-spun ribbons. NPG revealed a 3D nanopo...

Rapid antigen tests (RATs) are widely used worldwide to detect SARS-CoV-2 since they are an easy-to-use kit and offer rapid results. The RAT detects the presence of the nucleocapsid protein, which is located inside the virus. However, the sensitivity...

Raman spectroscopy for low-pressure or trace gas analysis is rather challenging, in particular in process control applications requiring trace detection and real-time response; in general, enhancement techniques are required. One possible enhancement...