Cranial reconstruction is a critical task in computer-assisted surgery, requiring both high geometric accuracy and computational efficiency for patient-specific implant design. While recent deep learning approaches, particularly 3D UNet-based models,...
Background: Large lateral cheek defects can be challenging to reconstruct. Several approaches to reconstruction of these defects have been reported. In the case presented here, we describe an alternative reconstruction method for this type of surgica...
22 August 2011
Defects of the scalp and lateral temporal bone (LTB) represent a unique challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Simple reconstructive methods such as skin grafts, locoregional flaps, or tissue expanders are often not feasible due to a myriad of reas...
This paper presents a technique to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) road surface from two overlapped images for road defects detection using a downward-facing camera. Since some road defects, such as potholes, are characterized by 3D geometry, th...
Background/Objectives: Scalp defect reconstruction often poses a challenge due to the distinct anatomy and limited skin elasticity of the region. Rotational flaps, when properly planned, offer a superior and creative solution for effectively covering...
Acoustic micro imaging has been proven to be sufficiently sensitive for micro defect detection. In this study, we propose a sparse reconstruction method for acoustic micro imaging. A finite element model with a micro defect is developed to emulate th...
The nose represents the most common site for the presentation of cutaneous cancer, especially in sun-exposed areas: ala, dorsum, and tip. Even the smallest loss of substance can create aesthetic and psychosocial concerns for patients; therefore, surg...
Introduction. The objective of this study was to evaluate a surgical technique and to present the results of delayed reconstruction of palatomaxillary defects using fibula free flap (FFF). Methods. A review was conducted for nine patients who underwe...
(1) Background: In digital-technology-assisted nasal defect reconstruction methods, a crucial step involves utilizing computer-aided design to virtually reconstruct the nasal defect’s complete morphology. However, current digital methods for vi...
Compared to traditional approaches, the spot scanning surface defect evaluation system (SS-SDES) has better performances on the detection of small defects and defect classification for optical surfaces. However, the existing system deviations will ca...
22 June 2016
Combined upper alveolectomy and segmental mandibulectomy are complex defects. Reconstruction of these defects is usually suboptimal. We describe the case of a pediatric patient with vessel-depleted neck with recurrent vascular malformation involving...
Background/Objectives: Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive classification system for soft-palate defects that provides synthetic information to guide functional reconstructive treatment. Our awareness, shaped by extensive experience, of the...
8 April 2020
Study Design: Facial contour deformities are a very challenging issue for aesthetic and reconstructive surgeons. Free dermal fat graft is a composite graft used for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the maxillofacial region. The free derma...
Background/Objectives: The reconstruction of hand defects, especially involving the dorsal region of the hand, has remained a challenge for surgeons because of its anatomical features and complex functions. The goal of reconstruction should include f...
Background: Soft-tissue defects of the distal lower extremity involving the malleolar regions, the Achilles tendon area, and the heel remain challenging to reconstruct because of limited local tissue availability and variable perforator-based vascula...
Overshooting defects in shipbuilding subassemblies are essential to ensure the final product’s overall integrity and safety. In this work, we focus on the automatic detection of overshooting defects in simple and T-shaped sub-assemblies by empl...
Introduction. Reconstruction of heel soft tissue defects represents a true challenge for any surgeon due to the particularities of this anatomical region. The tissue used to reconstruct the heel area must be resistant, innervated, and adapted to take...
Eddy current testing (ECT) has become a widely adopted technique for non-destructive testing (NDT) due to its effectiveness in detecting surface and near-surface defects in conductive materials. However, traditional methods mainly focus on defect det...
After a lengthy period of scouring, the reinforced concrete surface of the dam spillway (i.e., drift spillways and flood discharge spillways) will suffer from deterioration and damage. Regular manual inspection is time-consuming and dangerous. This p...
Background: The reconstruction of plantar load-bearing foot defects faces many plastic surgeons with a major challenge. The optimal patient- and defect-oriented reconstructive strategy must be selected. Methods: To analyze the current trends and reco...
The appearance of construction defects in buildings can arise from a variety of factors, ranging from issues during the design and construction phases to problems that develop over time with the lifecycle of a building. These defects require repairs,...
Restoring the integrity of the external nose presents a complex surgical challenge due to its three-dimensional structure and subunit divisions. The most frequent causes of nasal defects include basal or squamous cell carcinoma, animal bites and trau...
Background: Pediatric mandibular reconstruction requires restoration of mandibular continuity while accounting for craniofacial growth, dental development, and long-term functional outcomes. Although vascularized osseous free flaps are widely used, t...
Background: The scalp region represent a common area affected by benignant and malignant skin tumor, and it represents a surgical challenge when it is needed to be reconstructed. The aim of this study is to present our experience with full-thickness...
Purpose: Acquired defects of the central face pose significant challenges in achieving acceptable cosmetic and functional outcomes. The site, size, and depth of tissue loss often render local tissues inadequate for the repair of major nasal defects....
We report here a 46-year-old male patient with a 14 cm segmental bone defect of the radial shaft after third degree open infected fracture caused by a shrapnel injury. The patient underwent fixed-angle plate osteosynthesis and bone reconstruction of...
Defect detection in electroluminescence (EL) images of solar cells remains challenging because defects are often small, exhibit subtle grayscale variations, and are obscured by complex cell-texture backgrounds. These conditions can attenuate defect f...
Background: The reconstruction of midface skin defects represents a challenge for the head and neck surgeon due to the midface’s significant role in defining important facial traits. Due to the high complexity of the midface region, there is no...
Image super-resolution reconstruction technology can boost image resolution and aid in the discovery of PCB flaws. The traditional SRGAN algorithm produces reconstructed images with great realism, but it also has the disadvantages of insufficient fea...
Detecting defects in complex urban sewer scenes is crucial for urban underground structure health monitoring. However, most image-based sewer defect detection models are complex, have high resource consumption, and fail to provide detailed damage inf...
In order to detect the size and shape of defects inside wood, an image reconstruction method based on segmented propagation rays of stress waves is proposed. The method uses sensors to obtain the stress wave velocity data by hanging around the timber...
With increased use of light-weight materials with low factors of safety, non-destructive testing becomes increasingly important. Thanks to the advancement of infrared camera technology, pulse thermography is a cost efficient way to detect subsurface...
The recognition of defects in the solder paste printing process significantly influences the surface-mounted technology (SMT) production quality. However, defect recognition via inspection by a machine has poor accuracy, resulting in a need for the m...
This first part of a two-part review examines how Computed Tomography(CT)-based, additively manufactured (AM) porous implants are used to reconstruct large segmental defects of the femur and tibia. We focus on lightweight patient-specific lattice imp...
Background/Objectives: Total nasal reconstruction has long represented a formidable surgical challenge. To date, no universally accepted, evidence-based protocol for nasal reconstruction exists to guide clinical practice. This study introduces a nove...
The electronic properties of TiO2 nanotubes are strongly governed by the local atomic configurations of native defects and incorporated dopants. Establishing this structure–property relationship is difficult because experimental measurements ge...
Background: Injuries to the digital distal phalanx often result in functional impairments such as loss of grip and sensation, along with aesthetic challenges. Various reconstructive techniques, including the use of adipofascial flaps, have been explo...
Background: Abdominoperineal resection (APR)—the standard surgical procedure for low-lying rectal cancer (LRC)—leads to significant perineal defects, posing considerable reconstruction challenges that, in selected cases, necessitate the u...
The fast and accurate detection of wind turbine gearbox surface defects is crucial for wind turbine maintenance and power security. However, owing to the uneven distribution of gear surface defects and the interference of complex backgrounds, there a...
In low-pressure casting, aluminum alloy wheels are prone to internal defects such as gas holes and shrinkage cavities, which call for X-ray inspection to ensure quality. Automatic defect segmentation of X-ray images is an important task in X-ray insp...
11 March 2010
The final stages of reconstruction following craniofacial trauma or tumor resection often involve the fitting of prostheses. Development of osseointegrated implants for retention of prostheses has improved function and aesthetic outcome. Placement of...
Background/Objectives: Reconstruction of full-thickness soft-tissue defects of the heel can be challenging due to the specific structural and functional demands of this region. Local flaps are often used due to their ability to provide durable and se...
Surface defect detection of industrial products is a critical component of intelligent manufacturing quality control. However, existing unsupervised anomaly detection methods still struggle to achieve a favorable balance among image-level detection a...
Aiming to address the problems of uneven brightness and small defects of low contrast on the surface of lithium-ion battery electrode (LIBE) coatings, this study proposes a defect detection method that combines background reconstruction with an enhan...
Background: Varioaus methods are available to address fingertip injuries, which are becoming increasingly common. Coverage should ideally involve both functional and aesthetic improvements. The second toe pulp-free flap is useful because of its simil...
Introduction: Deep sternal wound infections (DSWI) after cardiac surgery pose a significant challenge in reconstructive surgery. In this context, free flaps represent well-established options. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinic...
Nondestructive testing of metallic objects that may contain embedded defects of different sizes is an important application in many industrial branches for quality control. Most of these techniques allow defect detection and its approximate localizat...
Background/Objectives: Paprosky Type IIC acetabular defects encountered during revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) present substantial challenges in terms of surgical planning and implant stability. This study evaluates the outcomes of indication-...
Background/Objectives: Extended lower eyelid defects involving both lamellae and canthal supports require restoration of lining, support, vascularized coverage, and horizontal stability. We describe a two-stage reconstruction guided by structural def...
15 September 2016
Maxillary segmental defects are a reconstructive challenge particularly when the anterior arch is involved. Missing bone, mucosa, and teeth should be replaced; fistulae closure should be guaranteed by bone and mucosa continuity; stable functional occ...
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