Background/Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare nerve-sparing (NS) and non-nerve-sparing (NNS) robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) techniques used to treat localized prostate cancer. Numerous studies have evaluated the impact...
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the first cause of short bowel syndrome (SBS) in the neonate, is a serious neonatal gastrointestinal disease with an incidence of up to 11% in preterm newborns less than 1500 g of birth weight. The rate of severe NEC...
Objective: To evaluate reproductive outcomes following fertility-sparing surgery for deep endometriosis (DE), specifically assessing the impact of bowel resection on spontaneous conception rates and the predictive value of the Endometriosis Fertility...
Introduction: The goal of primary tumor resection with lymphadenectomy (PTR) in small intestine neuroendocrine neoplasms (SI-NENs) is to avoid local recurrence while sparing as much of the small bowel as possible, even in the case of extensive mesent...
Purpose: We compared dosimetry and clinical toxicity for 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and RapidArc (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A.) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPCC...
Background/Objectives: Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is regarded as the gold standard treatment for apical or multicompartment prolapse, predominantly with anterior compartment descent. However, the optimal surgical approach for concurrent rectocele is...
Bowel endometriosis is a complex condition predominantly impacting women in their reproductive years, which may lead to chronic pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, and infertility. This review highlights current approaches to the diagnosis and managemen...
Background: Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and, in particular, bowel endometriosis stand out for their complexity. While surgery for bowel endometriosis has proven to be effective, there is a lack of standardization concerning the technique us...
Online adaptive radiation is a new and exciting modality of treatment for gynecologic cancers. Traditional radiation treatments deliver the same radiation plan to cancers with large margins. Improvements in imaging, technology, and artificial intelli...
Background/Objectives: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has emerged as the predominant surgical approach globally, and various techniques have been proposed to improve functional outcomes. Despite these advances, however, functional impair...
Surgical resection is the gold standard for treating synchronous colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). The resection of the primary tumor and metastatic lesions can follow different sequences: “simultaneous”, “bowel-first”, and...
Background/Objectives: Adjuvant radiation for gynecologic malignancies often exposes organs at risk (OARs), such as the bone marrow, bowel, rectum, and bladder, to radiation, leading to toxicities that impact treatment tolerance and patient quality o...
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is one of the most serious complications following stem cell transplant in children and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment, and although a majority of childre...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of relapsing, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that, in addition to adults, can affect children and adolescents. To detect relapses of inflammation, these patients require close observa...
Objectives: The Kono-S anastomosis is a bowel-sparing surgical technique developed to reduce postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease (CD). While its efficacy has been established in adults, data in pediatric populations remain scarce. This...
Background: Despite the fact that Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) is the primary treatment for biliary atresia (BA), liver transplantation (LT) remains the ultimate surgery for two-thirds of these patients. Their true survival rate with the native liver...
Background: Pelvic autonomic nerve injury during colorectal surgery causes debilitating urinary, bowel, and sexual dysfunction. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on neuroanatomy, nerve-sparing techniques, and functional outcomes to minimi...
Radical cystectomy (RC) with urinary diversion (UD) is the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Although the ileal conduit (IC) is the most commonly performed diversion, its reliance on bowel reconstruction leads to substantial peri...
Alimentary tract inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is treated by systemically administered drugs that alter fundamental host immune responses. Biologics that target tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are first-line biologics in IBD, used wide...
A rise in the incidence of early rectal cancer consequent to bowel-screening programs around the world and an increase in the incidence in young adults has led to a growing interest in organ-sparing treatment options. The rectum, being the most dista...
Background: Effective opioid-sparing analgesia after median sternotomy remains an unmet need in cardiac surgery. We evaluated whether bilateral intercostal cryoanalgesia, added to standard multimodal analgesia, was associated with postoperative pain,...
Intestinal dysbiosis is linked to numerous gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases. It is a question of debate if coxibs, selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, cause dysbiosis. Therefore, in the present study, we a...
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) sarcoidosis is a rare manifestation of systemic disease, with limited evidence to guide diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A 75-item international survey was completed by 132 clinicians from multiple specialties and h...
Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare immune-mediated inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent inflammation of cartilaginous structures. Although RP frequently coexists with other autoimmune disorders, its association with inflammatory bowe...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) and a moderate risk of arterial cardiovascular events. This varies with inflammatory activity and acute-care exposure, with pathophysiologica...
We examined whether gastric acidity would affect the activity of myrosinase, co-delivered with glucoraphanin (GR), to convert GR to sulforaphane (SF). A broccoli seed and sprout extract (BSE) rich in GR and active myrosinase was delivered before and...
Patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a two-fold higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) than the general population. IBD-related CRC follows a different genetic and molecular pathogenic pathway than sporadic CRC and ca...
Radiation therapy (RT) is an effective treatment for stage IIA and select stage IIB seminomas. However, given the long life expectancy of seminoma patients, there are concerns about the risk of secondary cancers from RT. This study assessed differenc...
Background: Hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy (HMIE) has been proven to be superior when compared with open esophagectomy, with a significant reduction of postoperative morbidity. In HMIE, the laparotomy is replaced by a minimally invasive lapa...
This retrospective planning study evaluated how arc number (AN) and control-point density (CP) affect VMAT quality, radiobiological endpoints, and workflow efficiency for locally advanced cervical cancer in a resource-conscious setting. Twenty-one pa...
Background and purpose: Proton therapy has been shown to provide dosimetric benefits in comparison with IMRT when treating prostate cancer with whole pelvis radiation; however, the optimal proton beam arrangement has yet to be established. The aim of...
Background/Objectives: major open abdominal surgery remains associated with clinically important postoperative pain, delayed gastrointestinal recovery, opioid exposure, and prolonged length of stay. Intravenous lidocaine infusion (IVLI) has biologica...
The standard of care for locally advanced cervical cancer is external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with simultaneous chemotherapy followed by an internal radiation boost. New imaging methods such as positron-emission tomography and magnetic resonance ima...
Background/Objectives: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a perioperative opioid-sparing anesthesia-analgesia (OSA-A) technique without regional nerve blocks compared to standard opioid-based technique (OBA-A) in open thoracotomies. Metho...
The intricate interplay between the gut microbiome and the enteric nervous system remains a paramount focus in understanding the multifactorial pathogenesis of disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI), most notably irritable bowel syndrome (IB...
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a disease characterised by the inflammation of the nasal and paranasal cavities. It is a widespread condition with considerable morbidity for patients. Current treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis consists of appropria...
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), a unique subtype of pancreatitis, is often accompanied by systemic inflammatory disorders. AIP is classified into two distinct subtypes on the basis of the histological subtype: immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related lymphopl...
Background and Objectives: Conventional radiotherapies used in the current management of rectal cancer commonly cause iatrogenic radiotoxicity. Proton beam therapy has emerged as an alternative to conventional radiotherapy with the aim of improving t...
Background/Objectives: Predicting treatment persistence in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains challenging despite a broadened therapeutic arsenal. This study used longitudinal data to assess drug persistence across four biologics for IBD prior...
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, and anti-PD-L1 agents, have revolutionized cancer therapy by enhancing T-cell–mediated antitumor responses and significantly improving survival across multiple malignancies....
Bragg peak FLASH radiotherapy (RT) uses a distal tracking method to eliminate exit doses and can achieve superior OAR sparing. This study explores the application of this novel method in stereotactic body radiotherapy prostate FLASH-RT. An in-house p...
Background and Objectives: Watch-and-wait has become an accepted option for selected patients with rectal cancer who achieve a clinical complete response after total neoadjuvant therapy, sparing them total mesorectal excision and the stoma, bowel, ur...
Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by ectopic implantation of endometrial-like tissue, primarily on the ovaries, pelvic peritoneum, and bowel. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) es...
Background/Objectives: Moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT) may shorten treatment duration for cervical cancer but raises concerns regarding toxicity due to substantial interfractional pelvic organ motion. This prospective study evaluated...
This study investigates plan quality generated by an MR-Linac (MRL) treatment planning system (TPS) for 5-fraction stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of primary pancreatic cancer (PCa). In addition, an isotoxic dose escalation was investigate...