1,300 Results Found

Resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors in Palmer amaranth is a major concern, given the high selection pressure and increasing number of populations with reduced sensitivity to PPO herbicides in the US. We evaluated the effect of f...

In this paper, we introduce an agent rescue scheduling approach grounded in proximal policy optimization, coupled with a singularity-free predefined-time control strategy. The primary objective of this methodology is to bolster the efficiency and pre...

Background: Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) form a multigene family that is widely distributed in plants, animals, and insects. To date, PPOs have been identified in plants such as Populus L. and Solanum tuberosum L., but studies on PPOs in soybean (Glyci...

Weeds resistant to PPO-inhibiting herbicides threaten the profitability of crop producers relying on this chemistry. In Amaranthus palmeri, mutations at G210 (∆G210) and R128 (R128G/M) of the PPX2 gene were reported to confer PPO-inhibitor resi...

This study explores the use of propylene oxide-modified ethylenediamine (PPO-EDA) as a novel crosslinker and chain extender in polyurethane (PU) adhesives. PPO-EDA was synthesized and compared with N,N’-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) to assess...

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, the behavior decision-making of an intelligent smart marine autonomous surface ship (SMASS) has become particularly important. This research proposed local path planning and a behavior decis...

Maritime mobile edge computing (MMEC) technology enables the deployment of high-precision, computationally intensive object detection tasks on resource-constrained edge devices. However, dynamic network conditions and limited communication resources...

Distributed multi-agent collaborative decision-making technology is the key to general artificial intelligence. This paper takes the self-developed Unity3D collaborative combat environment as the test scenario, setting a task that requires heterogene...

Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) are copper-binding metalloproteinases encoded by nuclear genes, ubiquitously existing in the plastids of microorganisms, plants, and animals. As one of the important defense enzymes, PPOs have been reported to participate i...

Lineal (poloxamers or Pluronic^®) or X-shaped (poloxamines or Tetronic^®) amphiphilic tri-block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) have been broadly explored for controlled drug delivery in different regenerative...

Three-dimensional (3D) dynamic trajectory planning for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) is associated with significant challenges such as balancing the trajectory quality, computational efficiency, and environmental adaptability within complex d...

In the centralized scheduling mode of automated container terminals, Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) often experience decision-making delays caused by system information-processing bottlenecks, which significantly affect path-planning efficiency and...

Emerging multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (multi-UAV) applications in smart cities must navigate cluttered airspace while meeting tight mobile edge computing (MEC) deadlines. Classical grid planners, including A-star (A*), D-star Lite (D* Lite), and con...

Severe snowstorms pose multiple threats to high-speed rail systems, including sudden drops in track friction coefficients, icing of overhead contact lines, and reduced visibility. These conditions can trigger dynamic risks such as train speed restric...

Underactuated systems, such as the Cart–Pole and Acrobot, pose significant control challenges due to their inherent nonlinearity and limited actuation. Traditional control methods often struggle to achieve stable and optimal performance in thes...

We fabricated novel composite (mixed matrix) membranes based on a permeable glassy polymer, Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO), and variable loadings of few-layer graphene, to test their potential in gas separation and CO₂ capture applicati...

The herbicide fomesafen has the advantages of low toxicity and high selectivity, and the target of this compound is protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4). However, this herbicide has a long residual period and can have phytotoxic effects on...

Bio-inspired flow-sensing and actuation mechanisms offer a promising path for enhancing the stability of flapping-wing flying robots (FWFRs) operating in dynamic and noisy environments. This study introduces a bio-inspired sensing and actuation feath...

The optimization of the MOSFET gate drive parameters is crucial for the trade-off between switching loss and electromagnetic interference (EMI). However, the nonlinear coupling among gate drive parameters, board-level parasitic, and switching perform...

The increasing complexity of urban traffic networks has highlighted the potential of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) for Traffic Signal Control (TSC). However, most existing MARL methods assume homogeneous observation and action spaces amon...

This paper presents a dynamic task planning approach for multi-arm apple-picking robots based on a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework incorporating Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). In the context...

Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth) is a fast-growing, dioecious, highly competitive agricultural weed species, which is spreading across the US Midwest. Population sex ratios are an important consideration in the management of A. palmeri...

Semantic Communication (SC), driven by a deep learning (DL)-based “understand-before-transmit” paradigm, transmits lightweight semantic information (SI) instead of raw data. This approach significantly reduces data volume and communicatio...

In HPC systems, job scheduling plays a critical role in determining resource allocation and task execution order. With the continuous expansion of computing scale and increasing system complexity, modern HPC scheduling faces two major challenges: a m...

The study presents an optimized Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) collision avoidance decision-making strategy in restricted waters based on the improved Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. This approach effectively integrates the ship domain,...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly gaining in application value in many fields because of their low cost, small size, high mobility and other advantages. In the scenario of traditional cellular networks, UAVs can be used as a kind of ae...

The current work introduces the synthesis of inorganic salt nano/micro-crystals during the reduction of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) by Pluronic triblock copolymers (P123, PEO₂₀–PPO₇₀–PEO₂₀). The morphologies and component were confirm...

A 1670 bp 5′-flanking region of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene was isolated from red Swiss chard, a betalain-producing plant. This region, named promoter BvcPPOP, and its 5′-truncated versions were fused with the GUS gene and introduced into Arabi...

To address the path planning challenges for land–air amphibious biomimetic robots in unstructured environments, this study proposes a global path planning algorithm based on an Improved Proximal Policy Optimization (IPPO) framework. Unlike trad...

The continuous reduction in critical dimensions and the escalating demands for higher throughput are driving motion platforms to operate under increasingly complex conditions, including multi-axis coupling, structural nonlinearities, and time-varying...

In Arkansas, resistance to protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides in Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. is mainly due to target site mutations. Although A. palmeri PPO-mutations are well investigated, the cross-resistance that each ppo mu...

Enhancers are short genomic segments located in non-coding regions of the genome that play a critical role in regulating the expression of target genes. Despite their importance in transcriptional regulation, effective methods for classifying enhance...

Enzymatic browning, driven by polyphenol oxidase (PPO), remains a major postharvest challenge for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), reducing product quality, shelf life, and consumer acceptance. To mitigate this trait in the elite tetraploid cultivar &l...

Using the method of dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations, we investigated the interfacial properties of PEO/PEO-PPO-PEO/PPO ternary blends composed of the Pluronics L64(EO₁₃PO₃₀EO₁₃), F68(EO₇₆PO₂₉EO₇₆), F88(EO₁₀₄PO₃₉EO₁₀₄), or F127(EO₁₀₆PO...

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a common metalloproteinase in plants with important roles in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. There is evidence that PPOs contribute to stress responses in Paulownia fortunei. In this study, PPO gene family...

Objective: To systematically analyze and synthesize the evidence from the literature, we compared outcomes of the PPOS + LE protocol versus standard PPOS in patients undergoing IVF. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, Scopu...

The automobile industry is focused on eco-friendly vehicles with the goal of carbon neutrality (Netzero), and vehicle weight reduction is essential to achieve high fuel efficiency for driving performance and distance compared to internal combustion e...

The specific features of the phase diagrams of aqueous Pluronic systems, and particularly those of reverse Pluronics, are critically important for their broad range of applications, notably as nanocarriers for anticancer molecules. This work aims to...

Ene reductases enable the asymmetric hydrogenation of activated alkenes allowing the manufacture of valuable chiral products. The enzymes complement existing metal- and organocatalytic approaches for the stereoselective reduction of activated C=C dou...

Resistance to protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO)-inhibitors in Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus tuberculatus is mainly contributed by mutations in the PPO enzyme, which renders herbicide molecules ineffective. The deletion of glycine210 (ΔG21...

Abiotic stresses, including drought and heavy metals, are detrimental to plant growth and development and enormously reduce agricultural yields. Plants may quickly change their transcriptome in response to various stressful conditions. Plants develop...

Plant-derived PA10T is regarded as one of the most promising semi-aromatic polyamides; however, shortcomings, including low dimensional accuracy, high moisture absorption, and relatively high dielectric constant and loss, have impeded its extensive u...

Urban commercial restructuring, driven by the closure of traditional supermarkets and the expansion of new-format superstores, creates a large-scale spatial reallocation challenge requiring scientific location-allocation methods. Traditional heuristi...

A biobased diglycidyl ether of vanillin (DGEVA) epoxy resin was nanostructured by poly(ethylene oxide-b-propylene oxide-b-ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymer. Due to the miscibility/immiscibility properties of the triblock copolymer in D...

Flocking for fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is an extremely complex challenge due to fixed-wing UAV’s control problem and the system’s coordinate difficulty. Recently, flocking approaches based on reinforcement learning have a...

This paper presents a cooperative highway platooning strategy that integrates Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to effectively manage the complex task of merging. In modern transportation systems, plato...

The crystallization behavior of the metastable $\alpha$ form of triacylglycerols (TAGs) plays a critical role as a precursor for the crystallization of more stable ${\beta }^{\prime }$ and $\beta$ forms for various applications in food and pharmaceutical prod...

To evaluate possible structural changes and thermal stability of the polyurea unloaded and loaded with diclofenac sodium, polyurea networks based on polyetheramine containing polypropylene oxide (PPO) or polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hexamethylene dii...

Fresh-cut produce are quite popular among consumers due to their eating ease, high quality and functional content. However, some of the processing steps taking place during minimal processing (such as cutting, peeling, draining, etc.) might speed up...

The Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSP), a classical NP-hard challenge, has given rise to various complex extensions to accommodate modern manufacturing requirements. Among them, the Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem (DFJSP) remains particul...