The image-based modeling and simulation of plant growth have numerous and diverse applications. In this study, we used image-based and manual field measurements to develop and validate a methodology to simulate strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa D...
In this paper, we proposed a new method for image-based grammatical inference of deterministic, context-free L-systems (D0L systems) from a single sequence. This approach is characterized by first parsing an input image into a sequence of symbols and...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of small devices or nodes, called micro controller units (MCUs) and located in homes and/or offices, to be operated through the internet from anywhere, making these devices smarter and more ef...
Biological structures and organisms are determined and optimized to adapt to changes and constraints imposed by the environment. The multiple functionalities and properties exhibited by such structures are currently a source of inspiration for design...
This paper is concerned with the digitization and visualization of potted greenhouse tomato plants in indoor environments. For the digitization, an inexpensive and efficient commercial stereo sensor—a Microsoft Kinect—is used to separate visual infor...
The accurate description of fracture distributions is a crucial prerequisite for fracturing design and the evaluation of fracturing effects in tight reservoirs. We employed a fractal L-system to establish a tree branch model and derived a planar simu...
In this paper, we present mathematical geometric models and recursive algorithms to generate and design complex patterns using fractal structures. By applying analytical, iterative methods, iterative function systems (IFS), and L-systems to create ge...
In this work, the method of highly efficient conversion of l-rhamnose to 5-methylfurfural (MF) catalyzed by various catalysts in a biphasic system was developed. To enhance the MF yield, the effects of the catalyst species, reaction temperature (150&...
In this paper, the stability and l∞-gain problem are investigated for the Nabla discrete fractional linear positive systems with bounded time-varying delays. First, a sufficient condition and a necessary condition are presented to ensure the sy...
Vascularization is a highly conserved and considerably complex and precise process that is finely driven by endogenous regulatory processes at the tissue and systemic levels. However, it can reveal itself to be slow and inadequate for tissue repair a...
As one of the main candidates for future civil aviation communications systems, the L-band digital aeronautical communication system (L-DACS) is expected to achieve secure and reliable transmission. Due to the broadcasting nature of air–ground...
Anthropogenic activities have raised cadmium (Cd) concentrations in agricultural soil, emerging as a primary catalyst for the decline in crop yield. Intercropping of two or several plants is one technique among many Cd phytoremediation techniques tha...
Theanine is a non-protein amino acid that is highly represented in tea plants and is one of the delicious ingredients in tea. In recent years, the global market demand for theanine has continued to rise, and the industry has developed rapidly. Here,...
In the freshwater snail L. stagnalis, two hours of shallow water crawling exercise are accompanied by the formation of memory, metabolic, neuronal, and behavioral changes, such as faster orientation in a novel environment. Interestingly, rest followi...
The incidence of ocular surface disease (OSD) is increasing, with a trend towards younger ages. However, it is difficult for drugs to reach the deep layers of the cornea due to ocular surface barriers, and bioavailability is less than 5%. In this stu...
Digital microfluidics has become intensively explored as an effective method for liquid handling in lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems. Liquid dielectrophoresis (L-DEP) has many advantages and exciting prospects in driving droplets. To fully realize the pot...
Saffold Virus (SAFV) is a human cardiovirus that has been suggested to cause severe infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Compared to a similar virus, Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), SAFV has a truncated Leader (L) protein,...
This paper describes the methodology applied to generate simulated multipolarized L-band SAR images of the MAPSAR (Multi-Application Purpose SAR) satellite from the airborne SAR R99B sensor (SIVAM System). MAPSAR is a feasibility study conducted by I...
This article is an attempt to conceptualise the possibility of two coexisting language learning motivational subsystems for an existing L2 (or L2s) and an L3 currently being learnt, which gives rise to a complex dynamic dual-motivational system. As i...
Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), a well-known decomposer of organic wastes, is widely applied to treat food, livestock, and poultry wastes to reduce environmental pollution. It is also used to produce high-protein feed, organic fertiliz...
In this work, computer-assisted writing techniques for linear expressions of the structure of polycyclic molecules, branched molecules and clusters, based on formal languages, are tested. The techniques used only require the ability to process writte...
In this paper, we explore a generative music method that can compose atonal and tonal music in different styles. One of the main differences between regular engineering problems and artistic expressions is that goals and constraints are usually ill-d...
The reconstruction of trees from point clouds that were acquired with terrestrial LiDAR scanning (TLS) may become a significant breakthrough in the study and modelling of tree development. Here, we develop an efficient method and a tool based on exte...
Surface soil moisture is a key variable needed to understand and predict the climate. L-band microwave radiometry seems to be the best technique to remotely measure the soil moisture content, since the influence of other effects such as surface rough...
Probiotics should be well established in the gut, passing through the digestive tract with a high degree of viability, and produce metabolites that improve the gut environment by interacting with the gut microbiome. Our previous study revealed that t...
The L-band digital aeronautical communication system (LDACS) is one of the candidate technologies for future broadband digital aeronautical communications, utilizing the unused L-band spectrum between distance measuring equipment (DME) channels. Howe...
The field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2017–2019. The aim of the study was to determine and to compare weed spread and caraway crop productivity in sole (sprin...
The use of monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis completely changed anticancer treatment strategies. However, despite the significant improvement in overall survival and progression-free survival of patients undergoing these immunotherapy t...
The L2 motivation self system (L2MSS) has been extensively researched in a variety of contexts, but few studies have delved into its relationship with international posture and the sustainable development of L2 proficiency in the COVID-19 era. To add...
Transportation systems need more accurate predictions to further optimize traffic network design with the development and application of autonomous driving technology. In this article, we focus on highway traffic flow systems that are often simulated...
Monocytes are known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), as they exert prominent migratory, adhesive, and chemotactic properties. The aim of our study was to characterize the surface expression of adhesion/chemotactic mol...
Microorganisms are often observed in the produced medium during the oil and gas extraction process. Corrosion caused by CO2 and microorganisms is found on the inner wall of the metal gathering pipelines during the production process. In order to expl...
As shown by fluorescence monitoring of dissolved organic matter, amino acid L-Trp can be present in natural water. The consequences of the presence of L-Trp at low concentrations in surface water systems are not yet established for hydrobionts. Study...
The root tissues play important roles in water and nutrient acquisition, environmental adaptation, and plant development. In this study, a diversity panel of 388 wheat accessions was collected to investigate nine root system architecture (RSA) traits...
Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is a common side effect in patients undergoing oxaliplatin (OxPt)-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). Frequently, this complication persists in the long term and could affect the efficacy of the treatment an...
Some amino acid systems are known to exhibit solid solution and/or co-crystal behavior upon crystallization, which significantly affects their phase diagrams and complicates the design of their purification processes. Such behaviors are observed in t...
This paper integrates L1-norm structural risk minimization with L1-norm approximation error to develop a new optimization framework for solving the parameters of sparse kernel regression models, addressing the challenges posed by complex mo...
A reliable regeneration system for faba bean has been difficult to establish and therefore, the genetic improvement of Vicia faba L. was delayed. The paper describes a method of somatic embryo induction in callus of V. faba . Two Egyptian faba bean c...
This study aims to evaluate the drying performance of a multi-stage solar-assisted heat pump drying system for tomatoes. The method involves theoretical calculations based on the optimal drying process and experimental investigations to assess the im...
Cell-free (cf) extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has a potential clinical application as a biomarker. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a complex immunological pathogenesis, associated with autoantibody syn...
The limits of solid solutions and thermal deformations in the L-alanine–L-serine (L-ala–L-ser) amino acid system have been determined. Thirteen amino acid mixtures with various proportions of the components L-ser/L-ala were studied using...
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with completely undefined etiology and treatment difficulties. The expression of both protein coding and non-coding RNAs is dysregulated during disease development. We aimed to examine a possible regu...
Powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fusca poses a significant threat to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production worldwide, underscoring the need for sustainable disease management strategies. This study investigates the potential of L-lysine, abun...
Hypericum perforatum L. (H.P.), a plant renowned for its wound-healing properties, was investigated for antioxidant/antimicrobial efficacy, toxicological safety, and in vivo wound-healing effects in this research to develop and characterize novel nan...
In this paper, a set of novel adaptive control strategies based on an advanced G-L (proposed by Ge-Li-Tam, called GLT) fuzzy system is proposed. Three main design points can be summarized as follows: (1) the unknown parameters in a nonlinear dynamic...
This paper proposes a fresh state error feedback linearization control method with disturbance observer (DOB) and L2 gain for a quadruple-tank liquid-level system. Firstly, in terms of the highly nonlinear and strong coupling characteristics of the q...
Background: Cardiomyopathies, diseases affecting the myocardium, are common causes of congestive heart failure (CHF) and sudden cardiac death. Recently, biallelic variants in ribosomal protein L3-like (RPL3L) have been reported to be associated with...
Crude glycerol is a major byproduct in the production of biodiesel and contains a large number of impurities. The transformation of crude glycerol into valuable compounds such as 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) using clean and renewable processes, like bio...
Nitrogen–fixing bacteria execute biological nitrogen fixation through nitrogenase, converting inert dinitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere into bioavailable nitrogen. Elaborating the molecular mechanisms of orderly and efficient biological nitrogen...
Motivated by the rapid development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in education and the needs of language learners during the COVID-19 pandemic, an AI-enabled English language learning (AIELL) system featuring authentic a...
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