The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recently accepted viriforms as a new polyphyletic category of classifiable virus-derived genetic elements, juxtaposed to the polyphyletic virus, viroid, and satellite nucleic acid categories....
The Bunyamwera serological group includes a number of geographically widespread viruses that are related but not identical and have serological cross-reactivity. As the first group members were obtained in the pre-sequencing era, their classification...
Bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, are currently receiving significant attention amid an ever-growing global antibiotic resistance crisis. In tandem, a surge in the availability and affordability of next-generation and third-generation seq...
Escherichia phage N4 was isolated in 1966 in Italy and has remained a genomic orphan for a long time. It encodes an extremely large virion-associated RNA polymerase unique for bacterial viruses that became characteristic for this group. In recent yea...
Sequence determination of complete or coding-complete genomes of viruses is becoming common practice for supporting the work of epidemiologists, ecologists, virologists, and taxonomists. Sequencing duration and costs are rapidly decreasing, sequencin...
The mononegaviral family Filoviridae has eight members assigned to three genera and seven species. Until now, genus and species demarcation were based on arbitrarily chosen filovirus genome sequence divergence values (≈50% for genera, ≈30% for specie...
The official classification of newly discovered or long-known unassigned viruses by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) requires the deposition of coding-complete or -near-complete virus genome sequences in GenBank to fulfill a...
PAirwise Sequence Comparison (PASC) is a tool that uses genome sequence similarity to help with virus classification. The PASC tool at NCBI uses two methods: local alignment based on BLAST and global alignment based on Needleman-Wunsch algorithm. It...
This study empirically examines the effects of the acceptance of e-learning Web-apps by student on the learning outcomes achieved with their use. With this objective, two theoretically recognized purposes for use these apps were tested in a blended l...
The Rhabdoviridae is a large family of negative-sense (-) RNA viruses that includes important pathogens of ray-finned fish and marine mammals. As for all viruses, the taxonomic assignment of rhabdoviruses occurs through a process implemented by the I...
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), first described in 2001 [1], is responsible for causing serious respiratory illness in young children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. Four distinct lineages of hMPV have been identified with the original nom...
Recently, Alves-Freitas and colleagues [...]
Legumes, one of the most important sources of human food and animal feed, are known to be susceptible to a plethora of plant viruses. Many of these viruses cause diseases which severely impact legume production worldwide. The causal agents of some im...
We have recently developed a computational approach for hierarchical, genome-based classification of viruses of a family (DEmARC). In DEmARC, virus clusters are delimited objectively by devising a universal family-wide threshold on intra-cluster gene...
This work reports the method ClassiPhage to classify phage genomes using sequence derived taxonomic features. ClassiPhage uses a set of phage specific Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) generated from clusters of related proteins. The method was validated o...
Columnea latent viroid (CLVd) is a member of the Pospiviroid family and its naked circular RNA genome typically forms native “rod-like” secondary structures. In this work, the CLVd taxonomy was reevaluated based on sequence similarity and phylogeneti...
Bovine adenovirus (BAdV) is associated with respiratory and enteric diseases in cattle. In this study, the complete genomic sequence of a novel BAdV strain (named BAdV/LN/CHN/2023) was sequenced and annotated using the next-generation sequencing (NGS...
Anelloviruses are ubiquitous in humans and represent a major component of the human virome. Its best-known representative is Torque teno virus (i.e., the Alphatorquevirus genus), which is considered a potential immunity biomarker. Recent metagenomic...
Bats are recognized as key reservoirs for diverse viruses, including members of the Parvoviridae family. Vietnam hosts an exceptionally wide variety of bat species, yet the diversity of parvoviruses in these populations remains largely unexplored. Th...
With this informal guide, we try to assist both new and experienced phage researchers through two important stages that follow phage discovery; that is, naming and classification. Providing an appropriate name for a bacteriophage is not as trivial as...
Mycoviruses (viruses of fungi) are ubiquitous throughout the fungal kingdom and are currently classified into 23 viral families and the genus botybirnavirus by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). The primary focus of mycovi...
According to ICTV, there are currently 66 known phlebovirus species. More than 40 of these viruses were isolated or detected in phlebotomine sandflies and some of them are known pathogens. In Portugal, information about sandfly-borne phleboviruses is...
Currently, only three phages that infect the medically important bacterium Clostridium difficile have been discussed by the International Committee of Viral Taxonomy (ICTV). They are all myoviruses, and have been assigned to the genus “phicd119likev...
Chia (Salvia hispanica), an herbaceous plant native to Latin America, has become important in the last 20 years due to its beneficial effects on health. Here, we present the first record and identification of two viruses in chia plants. The comparis...
Lymphocystis disease viruses (LCDVs) are viruses that infect bony fish which has been found in different locations across the globe. Four virus species have been classified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), despite remarka...
Proteus mirabilis is frequently associated with complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is the main cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Treatment of such infections is complicated and challenging due to the biofilm...
The genus Sobemovirus, unassigned to any family, consists of viruses with single-stranded plus-oriented single-component RNA genomes and small icosahedral particles. Currently, 14 species within the genus have been recognized by the International Com...
The genus Betanucleorhabdovirus includes plant viruses with negative sense, non-segmented, single-stranded RNA genomes. Here, we characterized putative novel betanucleorhabdoviruses infecting a medically important plant, elderberry. Total RNA was pur...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate various biological processes by actively fine-tuning gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. With the identification of numerous human and viral miRNAs, growing evidence has indicated a common role of miRNAs in m...
Hantavirus causes two important rodent-borne viral zoonoses, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North and South America. Twenty-four species that represent sero- and genotypes have been...
Mitoviruses are small vertically transmitted RNA viruses found in fungi, plants and animals. Taxonomically, a total of 105 species and 4 genera have been formally recognized by ICTV, and recently, 18 new putative species have been included in a new p...
A novel cold-adapted siphovirus, vB_PagS_AAS21 (AAS21), was isolated in Lithuania using Pantoea agglomerans as the host for phage propagation. AAS21 has an isometric head (~85 nm in diameter) and a non-contractile flexible tail (~174 × 10 nm)....
Phage therapy, a practice widespread in Eastern Europe, has untapped potential in the combat against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. However, technology transfer to Western medicine is proving challenging. Bioinformatics analysis could hel...
A novel low-temperature siphovirus, vB_PagS_Vid5 (Vid5), was isolated in Lithuania using Pantoea agglomerans isolate for the phage propagation. The 61,437 bp genome of Vid5 has a G–C content of 48.8% and contains 99 probable protein encoding ge...
Tulip breaking is economically the most important viral disease of modern-day tulip growing. It is characterized by irregular flame and feather-like patterns in the flowers and mosaic on the foliage. Thirty-two leaf samples were collected from cultiv...
In 2016, the Bunyavirales order was established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) to incorporate the increasing number of related viruses across 13 viral families. While diverse, four of the families (Peribunyaviridae, Nair...
The International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recognizes four species of tick-borne orbiviruses (TBOs): Chenuda virus, Chobar Gorge virus, Wad Medani virus and Great Island virus (genus Orbivirus, family Reoviridae). Nucleotide (nt) and...
A high temperature-adapted bacteriophage, vB_PtoS_NIIg3.2 (NIIg3.2), was isolated in Lithuania from compost heaps using Parageobacillus toebii strain NIIg-3 as a host for phage propagation. Furthermore, NIIg3.2 was active against four strains of Geob...
The structures of the Caudovirales phage tails are key factors in determining the host specificity of these viruses. However, because of the enormous structural diversity, the molecular anatomy of the host recognition apparatus has been elucidated in...
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a major cause of economic losses in the global cattle industry, particularly in countries characterized by intensive livestock production systems. Pestivirus tauri, formerly known as Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 (...
Recent years have seen major changes in the classification criteria and taxonomy of viruses. The current classification scheme, also called “megataxonomy of viruses”, recognizes six different viral realms, defined based on the presence of...
Multiple enveloped viruses with rod-shaped nucleocapsids have been described, infecting the epithelial cell nuclei within the hepatopancreas tubules of crustaceans. These bacilliform viruses share the ultrastructural characteristics of nudiviruses, a...
Bacillus is a highly diverse genus containing over 200 species that can be problematic in both industrial and medical settings. This is mainly attributed to Bacillus sp. being intrinsically resistant to an array of antimicrobial compounds, hence alte...
Viruses, far from being just parasites affecting hosts’ fitness, are major players in any microbial ecosystem. In spite of their broad abundance, viruses, in particular bacteriophages, remain largely unknown since only about 20% of sequences obtained...
Most viruses in the genus Flavivirus are horizontally transmitted between hematophagous arthropods and vertebrate hosts, but some are maintained in arthropod- or vertebrate-restricted transmission cycles. Flaviviruses maintained by vertebrate-only tr...
Members of the virus family Sphaerolipoviridae include both archaeal viruses and bacteriophages that possess a tailless icosahedral capsid with an internal membrane. The genera Alpha- and Betasphaerolipovirus comprise viruses that infect halophilic e...
In recent years, symptoms suggestive of viral infection have commonly occurred in Gynura bicolor in China. However, no viral genome infecting G. bicolor has been reported. This study applied high-throughput sequencing to plant samples with chlorotic...
Seals are keystone animals in the Arctic and a valuable resource for Indigenous communities, but their virome is poorly understood. Through a preliminary investigation of the virome of seven North Atlantic bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) from nor...
Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) is an economically significant fruit tree native to eastern Asia and widely planted in south-central China. However, studies about the viruses infecting M. rubra remain largely lacking. In the present study, we employe...
Extremely halophilic Archaea are the only known hosts for pleolipoviruses which are pleomorphic non-lytic viruses resembling cellular membrane vesicles. Recently, pleolipoviruses have been acknowledged by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Vi...
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