In the present work, three LiDAR technologies (Faro Focus 3D X130—Terrestrial Laser Scanner, TLS-, Kaarta Stencil 2–16—Mobile mapping system, MMS-, and DJI Zenmuse L1—Airborne LiDAR sensor, ALS-) have been tested and compared...
Accurate measurement of the tree height and canopy cover density is important for forest biomass and management. Recently, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images have been used to estimate the tree height and can...
Understanding geometric and biophysical characteristics is essential for determining grapevine vigor and improving input management and automation in viticulture. This study compares point cloud data obtained from a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) an...
Light detection and range (LiDAR) intensity is an important feature describing the characteristics of a target. The direct use of original intensity values has limitations for users, because the same objects may have different spectra, while differen...
Lidar remote sensing has been used to survey stream channel and floodplain topography for decades. However, traditional platforms, such as aerial laser scanning (ALS) from an airplane, have limitations including flight altitude and scan angle that pr...
A micro scanning mirror is an optical device used to scan laser beams which can be used for Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) in applications like unmanned driving or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The MEMS scanning mirror’s light-weight and low-po...
The research project “Development of a Mobile Mapping System for multi-purpose applications composed of a low-cost inertial measuring unit, a GNSS receiver and a close-range LIDAR” consists on considerations about the design of an aerial...
Low-cost unmanned aerial system (UAS) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS, terrestrial LiDAR) technologies are being used as noncontact measurement methods for collecting unstructured data for the maintenance of construction infrastruct...
In low-illumination environments, traditional traffic accident survey methods struggle to obtain high-quality data. This paper proposes a traffic accident reconstruction method utilizing an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and auxiliary equipment. First...
Terrestrial laser scanners, unmanned aerial LiDAR, and unmanned aerial photogrammetry are increasingly becoming the go-to methods for forest analysis and mapping. The three-dimensionality of the point clouds generated by these technologies is ideal f...
Lately, affordable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-lidar systems have started to appear on the market, highlighting the need for methods facilitating proper verification of their accuracy. However, the dense point cloud produced by such systems makes t...
Seismic lines are narrow, linear corridors cleared through forests for oil and gas exploration. Their inconsistent recovery has led to Alberta’s forests being highly fragmented, resulting in the need for seismic line restoration programs and su...
Documenting and preserving cultural heritage assets is increasingly important, with threats from natural disasters, conflicts, climate change, and neglect, and some sites are both contested and physically difficult to access or document, posing the i...
Autonomous navigation vehicles are increasingly used in aerospace, marine, and subterranean operations, including aerial inspection, underwater exploration, search-and-rescue missions, and infrastructure monitoring in GNSS-denied environments. Extero...
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a technology that uses laser beams to measure ranges and generates precise 3D information about the scanned area. It is rapidly gaining popularity due to its contribution to a variety of applications such as Dig...
The Prambanan Temple cluster is a world heritage site that has significant value for humanity, a multiple zone cluster arrangement of highly ornamented towering temples, and a Hindu architectural pattern design. It lies near the Opak Fault, at the fo...
Mapping the environment of a vehicle and localizing a vehicle within that unknown environment are complex issues. Although many approaches based on various types of sensory inputs and computational concepts have been successfully utilized for ground...
The beaches of the Cantabrian coast (northern Spain) are exposed to strong winter storms that cause the coastline to recede. In this article, the coastal retreat of the Gerra beach (Cantabria) is analyzed through a diachronic study using the followin...
Currently, there is a rapid trend in the production of airborne sensors consisting of multi-view cameras or hybrid sensors, i.e., a LiDAR scanner coupled with one or multiple cameras to enrich the data acquisition in terms of colors, texture, complet...
We are witnessing a digital revolution in geoscientific field data collection and data sharing, driven by the availability of low-cost sensory platforms capable of generating accurate surface reconstructions as well as the proliferation of apps and r...
The potential of UAV-based LiDAR (UAV-LiDAR) and handheld LiDAR scanners (HLSs) for forest radiative transfer models (RTMs) was evaluated using a Voxel-Based Point Density Proxy (VPDP) as a diagnostic tool in a Larix kaempferi forest. Structural anal...
Accurate and repeated forest inventory data are critical to understand forest ecosystem processes and manage forest resources. In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne light detection and ranging (lidar) systems have demonstrated effectiv...
In this study, we present an analysis of the causes of a landslide along a railway track in the Polish Lowlands. The landslide damaged the railway track and caused significant material losses. Digital models of the terrain surface before and after th...
Individual tree (IT) segmentation is crucial for forest management, supporting forest inventory, biomass monitoring or tree competition analysis. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a prominent technology in this context, outperforming competing t...
The automated inspection and mapping of engineering structures are mainly based on photogrammetry and laser scanning. Mobile robotic platforms like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), but also handheld platforms, allo...
Stockpile quantity monitoring is vital for agencies and businesses to maintain inventory of bulk material such as salt, sand, aggregate, lime, and many other materials commonly used in agriculture, highways, and industrial applications. Traditional a...
Stockpile volume estimation plays a critical role in several industrial/commercial bulk material management applications. LiDAR systems are commonly used for this task. Thanks to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal availability in outdoo...
Reliable aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates for woody crops are essential for carbon accounting and for Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) frameworks. However, it remains unclear how LiDAR modality and sampling geometry influence plot-sca...
Point cloud rectification is an efficient approach to improve the quality of laser point cloud data. Conventional rectification methods mostly relied on ground control points (GCPs), typical artificial ground objects, and raw measurements of the lase...
The definition of strategies for forest restoration projects depends on information of the successional stage of the area to be restored. Usually, classification of the successional stage is carried out in the field using forest inventory campaigns....
High-resolution point cloud data acquired with a laser scanner from any platform contain random noise and outliers. Therefore, outlier detection in LiDAR data is often necessary prior to analysis. Applications in agriculture are particularly challeng...
This paper presents a single tree segmentation method applied to 3D point cloud data acquired with a LiDAR scanner mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The method itself is based on clustering methods and graph theory and uses only the spatia...
The leaf area index (LAI) is a key parameter for describing crop canopy structure, and is of great importance for early nutrition diagnosis and breeding research. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an active remote sensing technology that can det...
When it comes to forest management and protection, knowledge is key. Therefore, forest mapping is crucial to obtain the required knowledge towards profitable resource exploitation and increased resilience against wildfires. Within this context, this...
The detailed description of processing workflows in Structure from Motion (SfM) surveys using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is not common in geomorphological research. One of the aspects frequently overlooked in photogrammetric reconstruction is im...
Digital agriculture is increasingly important for plant-level analysis, enabling detailed assessments of growth, nutrition and overall condition. Multispectral point clouds are promising due to the integration of geometric and radiometric information...
The use of UAVs for analyzing soil degradation processes, particularly erosion, has become a crucial tool in environmental monitoring. However, the use of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) or TLS (Terrestrial Lasser Scanner) may not be affordable f...
In the computer vision field, many 3D deep learning models that directly manage 3D point clouds (proposed after PointNet) have been published. Moreover, deep learning-based-techniques have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance for supervised lear...
This study proposes an Automatic Branch Modeling (ABM) framework that combines AdTree and AdQSM algorithms to reconstruct individual tree models and estimate timber volume from fused Hand-held Laser Scanners (HLS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Laser Sc...
In recent decades, climate change has led to more frequent episodes of extreme rainfall, increasing the risk of river flooding. Streams and rivers characterized by short flow times are subject to rapid and impressive floods; for this reason, the mode...
Timely identification of problems in electrical distribution networks is crucial to preventing major failures, reducing costs, and ensuring a reliable power supply. This paper presents a monitoring, inspection, and early warning system designed speci...
In this study, we evaluated the capability of an unmanned aerial vehicle with a LiDAR sensor (UAV-LiDAR) to classify and map fuel types based on the Prometheus classification in Mediterranean environments. UAV data were collected across 73 forest plo...
Classifying bare earth (ground) points from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds is well-established research in the forestry, topography, and urban domains using point clouds acquired by Airborne LiDAR System (ALS) at average point densi...
Coastal dune environments play a critical role in protecting coastal areas from damage associated with flooding and excessive erosion. Therefore, monitoring the morphology of dunes is an important coastal management operation. Traditional ground-base...
In this paper, the results of an experiment about the vertical accuracy of generated digital terrain models were assessed. The created models were based on two techniques: LiDAR and photogrammetry. The data were acquired using an ultralight laser sca...
Watering ponds represent an important part of the hydrological resources in some water-limited environments. Knowledge about their storage capacity and geometrical characteristics is crucial for a better understanding and management of water resource...
Landslides or slope failure pose a significant risk to human lives and infrastructures. The stability of slopes is controlled by various hydrological processes such as rainfall infiltration, soil water dynamics, and unsaturated soil behavior. Accordi...
Accurate stockpile volume estimation is essential for industries that manage bulk materials across various stages of production. Conventional ground-based methods such as walking wheels, total stations, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs), an...
Beach surface moisture (BSM) is crucial to studying coastal aeolian sand transport processes. However, traditional measurement techniques fail to accurately monitor moisture distribution with high spatiotemporal resolution. Remote sensing technologie...
Information on a crop’s three-dimensional (3D) structure is important for plant phenotyping and precision agriculture (PA). Currently, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been proven to be the most effective tool for crop 3D characterizatio...
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