2023 May - 132 articles
(1) Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its fourth year, it continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although various vaccines have been approved and the use of homologous or heterologous boost doses is widely promote...
An open-level, randomized and treatment-controlled clinical trial has shown that a therapeutic vaccine containing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) (NASVAC) is endowed with antiviral and liver protecting capacit...
Seven brands of veterinary rabies vaccines are commercially available in Sri Lanka, but there is no established procedure to test the potency of the vaccines at the local level, especially prior to their release. The aim of this study was to test the...
In combatting COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), immunization is the most prominent strategy. However, vaccination hesitancy—meaning delays in accepting or denying inoculation regardless of availability—has been identified as an essenti...
Live attenuated vaccine is one of the most effective vaccines against flavivirus. Recently, site-directed mutation of the flavivirus genome using reverse genetics techniques has been used for the rapid development of attenuated vaccines. However, thi...
Understanding SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated healthcare workers is of key importance in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare facilities. An observational prospective cohort study was conducted in vaccinated...
Due to significant economic burden and disability from ischaemic stroke and the relationship between ischaemic stroke and SARS-CoV-2 infection, we aimed to explore the cost-effectiveness of the two-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccination program in red...
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a potentially life-threatening childhood disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, manifested by the persistence of fever and multi-organ dysfunction, elevated inflammatory markers, and the lack...
Historically, research on the immunologic response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection has focused on T cells and macrophages, as their role in granuloma formation has been robustly characterized. In contrast, the role of B cells in the p...
The rapid and large-scale roll-out of new COVID-19 vaccines has led to unprecedented challenges in assessing vaccine safety. In 2021, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) processed about 1.7 million safety reports related to COVID-19 vaccines in the E...
Widespread vaccination programs have been implemented in many countries to curtail the COVID-19 pandemic, with varying success and challenges. To better understand the successes and challenges of the global COVID-19 response in the face of emerging n...
There are currently two authorized vaccines against herpes zoster (HZ) that have been shown to be safe and effective in its prevention: Zostavax, a zoster vaccine live (ZVL), and Shingrix, a recombinant zoster Vaccine (RZV). Because ophthalmologists...
Introduction: In Italy, on December 2020, workers in the education sector were identified as a priority population to be vaccinated against COVID-19. The first authorised vaccines were the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA (BNT162b2) and the Oxford-AstraZeneca ad...
The COVID-19 pandemic took the world by storm, and although it has taken the world’s attention, it did not stop the spread of other communicable diseases. Seasonal influenza is a viral infection that could cause severe disease; therefore, annua...
Vaccination is the most effective preventative strategy against influenza, yet university students’ influenza vaccination uptake remains low. This study aimed firstly to determine the percentage of university students who were vaccinated for th...
India implemented the largest COVID-19 vaccination drive in the world, through which it vaccinated the majority of its population. Lessons from the Indian COVID-19 vaccination experience can be invaluable for other LMICs as well as for preparedness f...
Background: Pakistan has subpar childhood immunization rates and immunization activities have faced several challenges over the past years. We evaluated the social-behavioral and cultural barriers and risk factors for refusal of polio, Routine Immuni...
The Community Preventive Services Task Force endorses vaccination programs in schools to increase access to vaccinations. However, implementing a school-based approach requires substantial coordination, planning, and resources. All for Them (AFT) is...
EV71 vaccine immunization mainly protects the human population against severe and fatal HFMD and has a positive effect on reducing the overall incidence rates of HFMD and of hospitalized cases. In the analysis of data collected over 4 years, we compa...
Hospitals in England experience extremely high levels of bed occupancy in the winter. In these circumstances, vaccine-preventable hospitalisations due to seasonal respiratory infections have a high cost because of the missed opportunity to treat othe...
Several observational studies have confirmed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) might substantially affect the gastrointestinal (GI) system by replicating in human small intestine enterocytes. Yet, so far, no study h...
Infectious diseases pose a major threat to elderly populations. Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria, influenza-causing viruses, and COVID-19 viruses cause three pathologies in the respiratory system with similar symptoms, transmission routes, and risk f...
Heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA) and M. tuberculosis pili (MTP) are important antigens on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To display these antigens effectively, the fusion protein HBHA-MTP with a molecular weight of 20 kD (L20) was ins...
Patients diagnosed with a chronic disease are at higher risk of influenza complications. This investigation aimed to estimate influenza vaccine uptake rates among healthy subjects and patients with chronic diseases, and to identify barriers to and fa...
A combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)/meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) vaccine will soon be unavailable in the UK immunisation schedule due to discontinuation by the manufacturer. An interim statement by the Joint Committee on Vaccination an...
Developing a broadly protective vaccine covering most ETEC variants has been elusive. The most clinically advanced candidate yet is an oral inactivated ETEC vaccine (ETVAX®). We report on the use of a proteome microarray for the assessment of cro...
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used as delivery systems for mRNA vaccines. The stability and bilayer fluidity of LNPs are determined by the properties and contents of the various lipids used in the formulation system, and the delivery efficien...
Hendra virus disease (HeVD) is an emerging zoonosis in Australia, resulting from the transmission of Hendra virus (HeV) to horses from Pteropus bats. Vaccine uptake for horses is low despite the high case fatality rate of HeVD in both horses and peop...
Background: There are limited data regarding short- and medium-term IgG antibody levels after the CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines. This study aimed to investigate the antibody responses of health workers who initially received two doses of CoronaVac...
A 45-year-old man who had received his second mRNA COVID-19 vaccination one week earlier was presented to the emergency department with chest discomfort. Therefore, we suspected post-vaccination myocarditis; however, the patient showed no signs of my...
Background: Enhanced vaccines (e.g., containing adjuvants) have shown increased immunogenicity and effectiveness in older adults, who often respond sub-optimally to conventional influenza vaccines. In this study, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness o...
Influenza causes an estimated 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness annually, along with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Currently, Sri Lanka has no influenza vaccination policies and do...
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is the most common enteroviral infection in South-East Asia. When evaluating the role of enterovirus 71 (EVA71) as an etiological agent of infectious disease in South Vietnam, we revealed a high proportion of EVA71...
Myxovirus resistance (MX) proteins are pivotal players in the innate immune response to viral infections. Less than 10 years ago, three independent groups simultaneously showed that human MX2 is an interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) with potent a...
Background: In the global effort to combat SARS CoV2 infection, adoption of the vaccination has been an essential component. The goal of this research was to determine the quality of web-based information gathered during COVID-19 and participants&rsq...
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for most cervical cancer cases globally, with women living with HIV having a higher risk of persistent HPV infection and HPV-associated disease. The HPV vaccine is a promising tool to reduce cervi...
Human rotavirus (HRV) is the causative agent of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children under the age of five, resulting in up to 215,000 deaths each year. These deaths almost exclusively occur in low- and middle-income countries where vaccine effica...
Ongoing outbreaks of measles threaten its elimination status in the United States. Its resurgence points to lower parental vaccine confidence and local pockets of unvaccinated and undervaccinated individuals. The geographic clustering of hesitancy to...
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a clinically acknowledged method that combines the use of anticancer drugs and electrical pulses. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin (BLM) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in certain settings. However, whether this...
The calculation of the return on investment (ROI) allows the estimation of the opportunity cost of a series of interventions and can therefore help to make allocative choices. The objective of this study is to estimate the ROI of three vaccinations (...
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious disease that has been reported annually in several Asian countries, causing significant economic losses to the swine livestock industry. Although vaccines against the porcine epidemic diarrhea vi...
Vaccination against COVID-19 is one of the highly effective preventative strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. The rapid approval of COVID-19 vaccination due to the raging pandemic, media coverage, anti-vacc...
Hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is recommended for people with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). We aimed to assess the immune response to the HB vaccine and associated factors using the standard vaccination sc...
Booster vaccination reduces the incidence of severe cases and mortality related to COVID-19, with cellular immunity playing an important role. However, little is known about the proportion of the population that has achieved cellular immunity after b...
Bacteriophages have emerged as versatile tools in the field of bioengineering, with enormous potential in tissue engineering, vaccine development, and immunotherapy. The genetic makeup of phages can be harnessed for the development of novel DNA vacci...
The incidence of small ruminant pestivirus infections in Greece remains unknown as they have not been diagnosed in the country since 1974 when the most recent Border Disease Virus (BDV) outbreak was reported. The objective of our study was to explore...
Rotavirus vaccination was introduced in high-income countries starting in 2006, with no recommendation for optimal implementation. Economic evaluations were presented before launch projecting potential impacts. Few economic reassessments have been re...
Estimating seroprevalence and vaccination coverage against COVID-19 is crucial to the development of well-targeted public health policies at the local level. Here, we estimated seroprevalence and vaccination coverage in a lower-middle-class populatio...
Concern has arisen about hypersensitivity reactions in patients with allergic reactions to drugs containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate 80 (PS80), excipients of currently available anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. However, the actual utili...
The resurgence of pertussis in vaccinated communities may be related to the reduced long-term immunity induced by acellular pertussis vaccines. Therefore, developing improved pertussis vaccine candidates that could induce strong Th1 or Th17 cellular...
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