5,255 Results Found

Using a time-resolved detection scheme in scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), we measured element resolved ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) at microwave frequencies up to 10 GHz and a spatial resolution down to 20 nm at two different synchrot...

Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) was utilized for analysing the bioremediation of Cr(VI) by Citrobacter freundii, a species of gram-negative bacteria. The biosorption and bioreduction processes were analysed by the chemical mapping of ce...

This paper shows the microstructural differences and phase characterization of pure phases and hydrated products of the cubic and orthorhombic (Na-doped) polymorphs of tricalcium aluminate (C3A), which are commonly found in traditional Portland cemen...

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses were combined to clarify the ultraviolet light-induced surface changes of WO3 in air. Identical-location STEM (IL-STEM) analysis showed that the WO3 partic...

The mechanical properties of carbon fibers (CFs) can be controlled by their internal structures such as the distribution of π-orbital-oriented domains, as well as the diameter and cross-sectional shape of the fiber. In this study, we investigated...

Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is a direct imaging technique with nanoscale resolution. But its resolution is limited by the spot size on the sample, i.e., by the manufacturing technique of the focusing element. As an emerging high-res...

Lignans are bioactive compounds that are especially abundant in the Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) knotwood. By combining a variety of chromatographic, spectroscopic and imaging techniques, we were able to quantify, qualify and localise the ea...

A two-dimensional array of compound refractive lenses (2D array of CRLs) designed for hard X-ray imaging with a 3.5 mm2 large field of view is presented. The array of CRLs consists of 2D polymer biconcave parabolic 34 × 34 multi-lenses fabricat...

We employ xenon (Xe) plasma focused ion beam (PFIB) milling to obtain soft X-ray transparent windows out of bulk samples. The use of a Xe PFIB allows for the milling of thin windows (several 100 nm thick) with areas of the order of 100 µm × 100 µm in...

The corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete structures is a most widespread problem. Silane is commonly used as a surface treatment material to reduce the entry of moisture containing harmful chemicals into the concrete matrix, thereby restricti...

Synchrotron-based soft X-ray spectromicroscopy techniques are emerging as useful tools to characterize potentially biocompatible materials and to probe protein interactions with model biomaterial surfaces. Simultaneous quantitative chemical analysis...

Transmission electron microscopy and neutron or X-ray diffraction are powerful techniques available today for characterization of the structure of various carbon materials at nano and atomic levels. They provide complementary information but each one...

Energy-dependent full field transmission soft X-ray microscopy (TXM) is able to give a full picture at the nanometer scale of the chemical state and spatial distribution of oxygen and other elements relevant for battery materials, providing pixel-by-...

We report the surface stoichiometry of Tix-CuyNz thin film as a function of film depth. Films are deposited by high power impulse (HiPIMS) and DC magnetron sputtering (DCMS). The composition of Ti, Cu, and N in the deposited film is investigated by X...

In this study, we present an innovative ion-beam doping technique for the controlled modification of the near-surface region of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) aimed at creating pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen defects in their walls. This meth...

This work presents a comparative analysis of the results of silicon carbide synthesis through the carbonization of Si (001) and Si (111) substrates in the temperature range 1130–1140 °C. The synthesis involved chemical vapor deposition util...

Mg2FeH6 is regarded as potential hydrogen and thermochemical storage medium due to its high volumetric hydrogen (150 kg/m3) and energy (0.49 kWh/L) densities. In this work, the mechanism of formation of Mg2FeH6 under equilibrium conditions is thoroug...

Perfluorosulfonated ionomers are the most successful ion-exchange membranes at an industrial scale. One recent, cutting-edge application of perfluorosulfonated ionomers is in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). In PEFCs, the ionomers are used as...

GaN nanowires (NWs) grown on silicon via atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition were doped with Cobalt (Co) by ion implantation, with a high dose concentration of 4 × 1016 cm−2, corresponding to an average atomic percentage of ~3....

The aim of the work was to characterize the structure of Al65Cu20Fe15 alloy obtained with the use of conventional casting and rapid solidification-melt-spinning technology. Based on the literature data, the possibility of an icosahedral quasicrystall...

Patterned elements of permalloy (Py) with a thickness as large as 300 nm have been defined by electron beam lithography on X-ray-transparent 50 nm thick membranes in order to characterize their magnetic structure via Magnetic Transmission X-ray Micro...

This study aimed at investigating both the surface and bulk modifications occurring on fibrous erionite during leaching in a mimicked Gamble’s solution (MGS) at pH of 4.5 and T = 37 °C, up to one month of incubation. Samples were characterized by a m...

Crystal dislocations were invisible until the mid-20th century although their presence had been inferred; the atomic and molecular scale dimensions had prevented earlier discovery. Now they are normally known to be just about everywhere, for example,...

The analysis of nanomaterials in pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparations is an important aspect both in formulation development and quality control of marketed products. Despite the increased popularity of nanoparticulate compounds especially in derm...

Small sized magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) with were successfully synthesized on the surface of rice straw using the quick precipitation method in the absence of any heat treatment. Ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O), ferrous chloride (FeCl...

The nanostructural features of a mechanically alloyed Sb-doped (Ti0.4Zr0.6)0.7Hf0.3NiSn thermoelectric (TE) Half-Heusler (HH) compound were addressed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy measurement...

The advantages of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis are its non-destructive nature, reliability, fast and easy sample preparation, and low costs. XRPD analysis has been used for mineral identification and the quantitative/qualitative determina...

Cellulose nanocrystals were prepared using ionic liquids (ILs), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMIM][Cl] and 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [PMIM][Cl], from microcrystalline cellulose. The resultant samples were characterized by X-ray d...

Nitrogen-doped and undoped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were successfully fabricated by simple chemical method and characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and transmission elec...

This paper presents domain and structure studies of bonded magnets made from nanocrystalline Nd-(Fe, Co)-B powder. The structure studies were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRT...

Molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and Fe,Co-codoped MoO3 thin films obtained by spray pyrolysis have been in-depth investigated to understand the effect of Co and Fe codoping on MoO3 thin films. The effect of Fe and Co on the structural, morphological and opti...

Considering the increasing demand for titania nanoparticles with controlled quality for various applications, the present work reports the up-scalable synthesis of size-controlled titanium dioxide nanocrystals with a simple and convenient thermal tre...

The effect of iron and yttrium additions on glass forming ability and corrosion resistance of Al88Y8-xFe4+x (x = 0, 1, 2 at.%) alloys in the form of ingots and melt-spun ribbons was investigated. The crystalline multiphase structure of ingots and amo...

We demonstrated that Fe/Cr doped and pH-modified CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance as compared to bare CeO2 NPs, using photocatalytic degradation. To assess the toxicity level of these double-modified CeO2 NPs on th...

The aim of the present work was to investigate an influence of W addition on the phase constitution, microstructure and magnetic properties of the Pr9Fe65WxB26-x (where: x = 2, 4, 6, 8) alloy ribbons. Ribbons were obtained using the melt-spinning tec...

Advancements in polymer science and nanotechnology hold significant potential for addressing the increasing demands of food security, by enhancing the shelf life, barrier properties, and nutritional quality of harvested fruits and vegetables. In this...

A metastable-β titanium alloy, Ti-10V-3Fe-3Al (wt. %), was subjected to thermo-mechanical processing including the compression test at 725 °C, which is below the β transus temperature (780 °C), and at strain rate of 10−3 s−1. The presence of phases w...

Interfaces such as grain boundaries (GBs) and heterointerfaces (HIs) are known to play a crucial role in structure-property relationships of polycrystalline materials. While several methods have been used to characterize such interfaces, advanced tra...

It is well known that severe plastic deformation not only leads to strong grain refinement and material strengthening but also can drive phase transformations. A study of the fundamentals of α → ω phase transformations induced by high-pressure torsio...

An analysis of defects creation in the vicinity of the selector-root connection plane in single-crystalline turbine blades made of CMSX-4 Ni-base superalloy was performed using several experimental methods. A coupling of scanning electron microscopy...

Mechanisms of protecting soil carbon (C) are still poorly understood despite growing needs to predict and manage the changes in soil C or organic matter (OM) under anticipated climate change. A fundamental question is how the submicron-scale interact...

We report the synthesis of a room temperature ferromagnetic Mn-Ge system obtained by simple deposition of manganese on Ge(001), heated at relatively high temperature (starting with 250 °C). The samples were characterized by low energy electron diffra...

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) technology was used to produce samples based on the Ti–6Al–4V alloy for biomedical applications. Solid-state phase transformations induced by thermal treatments were studied by neutron diffraction (ND), X-ra...

The prolonged issue of poor posture due to desk work has led to innovative technological remedies. This study shows the development of a flexible piezoelectric biosensor integrating BaTiO3 nanoparticles within a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix for...

The structure and the chemical composition of individual layers as well as of interfaces belonging to the two heterostructures M1 (BaFe12O19/YbFeO3/YSZ) and M2 (YbFeO3/BaFe12O19/YSZ) grown by pulsed laser deposition on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ...

The rapid rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations has intensified the need for scalable, sustainable, and economically viable carbon sequestration technologies. This study introduces a cost-effective CaO/Ca(OH)2-based mineralization process that not o...

In this study the oxide layer of technical 6xxx aluminium surfaces, pickled as well as passivated, were comparatively investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AES, XPS), the...

This paper reviews quantitative characterization via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and its application to interfacial phenomena based on the results obtained through the studies. Several signals generated by the interaction between the speci...

This study demonstrates the conversion of metallic titanium (Ti) to titanium oxide just by conducting electrical current through Ti thin film in vacuum and increasing the temperature by Joule heating. This led to the improvement of electrical and the...

Three-layer structures based on various multi-component films of III–V semiconductors heavily doped with Fe were grown using the pulsed laser sputtering of InSb, GaSb, InAs, GaAs and Fe solid targets. The structures comprising these InAsSb:Fe,...