Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is a swarm intelligence algorithm used for controlling robotic swarms in applications such as source localisation. However, conventional PSO algorithms consider only the intensity of the received signal. Wavefield si...
This study evaluates the feasibility of airborne acoustic source localisation (ASL) for in situ crack localisation in industrial laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB/M) fabricated structures. A four-microphone array combined with a Generali...
Monitoring animals from their vocalisations has proven indispensable for ecological research, with applications ranging from unbiased population estimation for biodiversity assessment to kinematic and acoustic quantification for research into evoluti...
This research significantly improves the link reliability and robustness of optical camera communications (OCC) by leveraging deep learning for light source modulation filtering, reflection filtering, and precise light source localisation. By using i...
Polluted air causes enormous damage to human health. There is a high demand to find a solution for locating the places of illegal waste incineration due to the persistent smog problem. The use of multi-rotor drones for that purpose has now become one...
Locating odour sources with robots is an interesting problem with many important real-world applications. In the past years, the robotics community has adapted several bio-inspired strategies to search for odour sources in a variety of environments....
Radiation mapping, through the detection of ionising gamma-ray emissions, is an important technique used across the nuclear industry to characterise environments over a range of length scales. In complex scenarios, the precise localisation and activi...
Background/Objectives: Large-scale dysfunction in the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN) networks characterises conditions affecting affective, cognitive, and autonomic regulation. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) shows hypera...
Due to the increasing scale of farms, it is increasingly difficult for farmers to monitor their animals in an automated way. Because of this problem, we focused on a sound technique to monitor laying hens. Sound analysis has become an important tool...
Striatal dopamine dysfunction is associated with the altered top-down modulation of pain processing. The dopamine D2-like receptor family is a potential substrate for such effects due to its primary expression in the striatum, but evidence for this i...
Timely and accurate detection of sow oestrus is crucial for enhancing reproductive efficiency and reducing non-productive days (NPDs) in large-scale pig farms. However, traditional manual observation is labour-intensive and subjective, while cloud-ba...
Background: Electroencephalographic (EEG) functional connectivity analysis requires multiple signal-processing, source-modelling, and statistical steps that can limit its adoption in clinician-led randomised controlled trials (RCTs). NeuroStat was de...
In subjective listening tests, natural sound sources were presented to subjects as vertically-oriented phantom images from two layers of loudspeakers, ‘height’ and ‘main’. Subjects were required to reduce the amplitude of the height layer until the p...
Airborne chemical sensing with mobile robots has been an active research areasince the beginning of the 1990s. This article presents a review of research work in this field,including gas distribution mapping, trail guidance, and the different subtask...
The estimation of the parameters of an odour source is of high relevance for multiple applications, but it can be a slow and error prone process. This work proposes a fast particle filter-based method for source term estimation with a mobile robot. T...
Finding the source of an accidental or deliberate release of a toxic substance into the atmosphere is of great importance for national security. The paper presents a search algorithm for turbulent environments which falls into the class of cognitive...
The latest developments in the field of digital humanities have increasingly enabled the construction of large data sets which can be easily accessed and used. These data sets often contain indirect spatial information, such as historical addresses....
When training machine learning models with practical applications, a quality ground truth dataset is critical. Unlike in classification problems, there is currently no effective method for determining a single ground truth value or landmark from a se...
Localisation may be used as a strategy to remedy the harmful socio-ecological impacts of economic globalisation, and lead to improved sustainability achievements. This article describes the formation of a regional-level localisation index for the 20...
Node localisation plays a critical role in setting up Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). A sensor in WSNs senses, processes and transmits the sensed information simultaneously. Along with the sensed information, it is crucial to have the positional inf...
Radioactive sources exist in environments or contexts that influence how they are detected and localised. For instance, the context of a moving source is different from a stationary source because of the effects of motion. The need to incorporate thi...
Nowadays, location awareness becomes the key to numerous Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Among the various methods for indoor localisation, received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based fingerprinting attracts massive attention. However, the...
The development of a universal method for real-time gas leak localisation imaging is crucial for preventing substantial financial losses and hazardous incidents. To achieve this objective, this study integrates array signal processing and electronic...
Accurate localisation is key for the autonomy of mobile robots. Fiducial localisation utilises relative positions of markers physically deployed across an environment to determine a localisation estimate for a robot. Fiducial markers are strictly des...
We present a biologically inspired sound localisation system for reverberant environments using the Cascade of Asymmetric Resonators with Fast-Acting Compression (CAR-FAC) cochlear model. The system exploits a CAR-FAC pair to pre-process binaural sig...
Diagnosis in epilepsy depends on several distinct objectives—including interictal epileptiform discharge (IED) detection, source localisation of epileptiform activity, and seizure classification—each shaped by the underlying sensing techn...
Localising the sources of MEG/EEG signals often requires a structural MRI to create a head model, while ensuring reproducible scientific results requires sharing data and code. However, sharing structural MRI data often requires the face go be hidden...
In this paper, we discuss two problems concerning scattering and localisation of flexural waves in structured elastic plates. Firstly, we compare the scattering amplitudes of waves in a thin plate, generated by a point source, due to a single mass an...
Ambisonics has enjoyed a recent resurgence in popularity due to virtual reality applications. Low order Ambisonic reproduction is inherently inaccurate at high frequencies, which causes poor timbre and height localisation. Diffuse-Field Equalisation...
Given the complex nature of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there are increasing calls for new inclusive and bottom-up governance mechanisms in building a relationship between governments and their citizens, in particular, the yo...
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) represents a promising and non-invasive technique for the characterisation of biological tissues, but its diagnostic performance strongly depends on the electrode configuration, system geometry, and electronic ac...
Meeting long-term rural community water supply needs requires diligent geohydrological conceptualisation. Study of Malawi’s Lake Chilwa Basin, including sampling of 330 water points in Phalombe District, enabled assessment of groundwater qualit...
Integration of LiDAR and thermal sensing has become increasingly important in robotics, infrastructure diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and autonomous perception systems. LiDAR sensors provide accurate three-dimensional geometric information bu...
Peroxisomes are central to eukaryotic metabolism, including the oxidation of fatty acids—which subsequently provide an important source of metabolic energy—and in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and plasmalogens. However, the presence and...
Diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is based on blood assessments in terms of synchronous high calcium and PTH (parathormone), but further management, particularly parathyroid surgery that provides the disease cure in 95–99% of cases...
The origin and phenomenology of the Fast Radio Burst (FRB) remains unknown despite more than a decade of efforts. Though several models have been proposed to explain the observed data, none is able to explain alone the variety of events so far record...
The gravitational wave/γ-ray burst GW/GRB170817 event marked the beginning of the era of multi-messenger astrophysics, in which new observations of Gravitational Waves (GW) are combined with traditional electromagnetic observations from the ver...
Generative named entity recognition (NER) systems must identify clinical concepts and map them to exact source spans. We investigated how span-reference design affects this mapping and whether failures arise from recognition or source localisation. F...
This research develops and validates new decomposition models for hourly direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) estimations for Southern African data. Localised models were developed using data collected from the Southern African Universities Radiometric Net...
Active thermography is an established technique for non-destructive testing and defect localisation. For external excitation, powerful light sources are commonly used. In addition to a high optical output, a good signal shape and response characteris...
Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of chiropractic care using resting electroencephalography (EEG), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), clinical health assessments (Fitbit), and Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Informat...
Objective: This ex vivo diagnostic study aimed to externally validate a freely accessible AI-based model for caries detection, classification, localisation and segmentation using an independent image dataset. It was hypothesised that there would be n...
The dominant fraction of the extragalactic
Surficial deposits in Namibia’s Erongo district contain substantial but low-grade resources of uranium and vanadium (nearly 500 Mlb U3O8), hosted in palaeochannels. This review attempts to develop a mineral systems model for the deposit type, b...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment with strong potential over well-established standard therapies in certain cases. Non-ionising radiation, localisation, possible repeated treatments, and stimulation of immunological response are some o...
Source localisation and real-time dose verification are at the forefront of medical research in brachytherapy, an oncological radiotherapy procedure based on radioactive sources implanted in the patient body. The ORIGIN project aims to respond to thi...
Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) represent a novel tool for probing the properties of the universe at cosmological distances. The dispersion measures of FRBs, combined with the redshifts of their host galaxies, has very recently yielded a direct measurement...
Contemporary navigation systems rely upon localisation accuracy and humongous spatial data for navigational assistance. Such spatial-data sources may have access restrictions or quality issues and require massive storage space. Affordable high-perfor...
Bridge scour threatens bridge safety and serviceability, yet the growing application of Machine Learning (ML) has not produced a unified understanding of how sensing sources, learning tasks and validation practices influence monitoring capability. Th...
Gridless sparse spike reconstruction is a rather new research field with significant results for the super-resolution problem, where we want to retrieve fine-scale details from a noisy and filtered acquisition. To tackle this problem, we are interest...
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