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559 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
72 Citations
9,992 Views
22 Pages

In Lake Ziway watershed in Ethiopia, the contribution of river inflow to the water level has not been quantified due to scarce data for rainfall-runoff modeling. However, satellite rainfall estimates may serve as an alternative data source for model...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,928 Views
30 Pages

Exploring the Added Value of Sub-Daily Bias Correction of High-Resolution Gridded Rainfall Datasets for Rainfall Erosivity Estimation

  • Roland Yonaba,
  • Lawani Adjadi Mounirou,
  • Amadou Keïta,
  • Tazen Fowé and ,
  • Cheick Oumar Zouré,
  • Axel Belemtougri,
  • Moussa Bruno Kafando,
  • Mahamadou Koïta,
  • Harouna Karambiri and
  • Hamma Yacouba
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

23 August 2024

This study evaluates the impact of sub-daily bias correction of gridded rainfall products (RPs) on the estimation rainfall erosivity in Burkina Faso (West African Sahel). Selected RPs, offering half-hourly to hourly rainfall, are assessed against 10...

  • Article
  • Open Access
76 Citations
11,359 Views
16 Pages

Evaluation of Bias Correction Method for Satellite-Based Rainfall Data

  • Haris Akram Bhatti,
  • Tom Rientjes,
  • Alemseged Tamiru Haile,
  • Emad Habib and
  • Wouter Verhoef

15 June 2016

With the advances in remote sensing technology, satellite-based rainfall estimates are gaining attraction in the field of hydrology, particularly in rainfall-runoff modeling. Since estimates are affected by errors correction is required. In this stud...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Citations
6,598 Views
18 Pages

Bayesian Bias Correction of Satellite Rainfall Estimates for Climate Studies

  • Margaret Wambui Kimani,
  • Joost C. B. Hoedjes and
  • Zhongbo Su

5 July 2018

Advances in remote sensing have led to the use of satellite-derived rainfall products to complement the sparse rain gauge data. Although these products are globally and some regional bias corrected, they often show substantial differences relative to...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Earth Surface Representation via Enhanced Use of Earth Observations in Monitoring and Forecasting Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
771 Views
33 Pages

Interpreting Satellite Rainfall Bias Correction Through a Rainfall–Runoff Framework in a Monsoon-Influenced River Basin: The Phetchaburi River Basin, Thailand

  • Jutithep Vongphet,
  • Thirasak Saion,
  • Ketvara Sittichok,
  • Songsak Puttrawutichai and ,
  • Chaiyapong Thepprasit,
  • Polpech Samanmit,
  • Bancha Kwanyuen and
  • Sasiwimol Khawkomol
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

18 April 2026

Accurate rainfall information is essential for rainfall–runoff modeling in monsoon-influenced basins, where pronounced spatial variability and limited gauge coverage introduce significant uncertainty. Satellite precipitation products provide sp...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,916 Views
16 Pages

26 November 2018

This study proposes a new method to estimate the bias correction ratio for the rainfall forecast to be used as input for a flash flood warning system. This method requires a backward tracking to locate where the forecasted storm is at the present tim...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
117 Citations
11,785 Views
21 Pages

22 July 2014

Results of numerous evaluation studies indicated that satellite-rainfall products are contaminated with significant systematic and random errors. Therefore, such products may require refinement and correction before being used for hydrologic applicat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Earth Observation for Water Resource Management in Africa)
  • Article
  • Open Access
120 Citations
12,448 Views
21 Pages

13 February 2018

Many satellite soil moisture products are today globally available in near real-time. These observations are of paramount importance for enhancing the understanding of the hydrological cycle and particularly useful for flood forecasting purposes. In...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assimilation of Remote Sensing Data into Earth System Models)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
5,857 Views
17 Pages

21 June 2023

This study compares the bias correction techniques of empirical quantile mapping (QM) and the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) machine learning model for summertime daily rainfall simulation focusing on precipitation-dependent bias and temporal variatio...

(This article belongs to the Section Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
295 Views
26 Pages

Identification and Correction of Atypical Extreme Heavy Rainfall over the Guangzhou–Foshan Megacity Cluster Based on Key Circulation Factor Clustering

  • Jiawen Zheng,
  • Binghong Chen,
  • Lan Zhang,
  • Pengfei Ren and ,
  • Xubin Zhang and
  • Zhenghua Chen
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

10 September 2026

This study investigates the relationship between key circulation factors and ensemble forecast uncertainty during an atypical extreme heavy-rainfall event under weak synoptic forcing that affected the Guangzhou–Foshan megacity cluster in the Pe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
6,950 Views
32 Pages

25 May 2018

The Meghna River basin is a transboundary basin that lies in Bangladesh (~40%) and India (~60%). Due to its terrain structure, the Bangladesh portion of the basin experiences frequent floods that cause severe human and economic losses. Bangladesh, as...

  • Article
  • Open Access

13 November 2026

To test how forecast-rainfall errors should be handled in small-stream water-level forecasting, we evaluated the two-stage disaggregation in Korean Patent 10-2619596: uniform 10 min splitting of hourly forecasts (stage 1) and splitting only the remai...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Machine Learning for Flood Prediction and Water Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,548 Views
17 Pages

Correction of Fused Rainfall Data Based on Identification and Exclusion of Anomalous Rainfall Station Data

  • Qingtai Qiu,
  • Zheng Wang,
  • Jiyang Tian,
  • Yong Tu and ,
  • Xidong Cui,
  • Chunqi Hu and
  • Yajing Kang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

11 July 2023

High-quality rainfall data are crucial for accurately forecasting flash floods and runoff simulations. However, traditional correction methods often overlook errors in rainfall-monitoring data. We established a screening system to identify anomalous...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Causes and Reconstruction of Catastrophic Flash Flood Disasters: Investigation, Analysis, Modelling and Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
5,856 Views
16 Pages

30 October 2020

This study compares multi model ensemble (MME) projections of rainfall using general quantile mapping, gamma quantile mapping, Power Transformation and Linear Scaling bias correction (BC) methods for representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 a...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
8,807 Views
19 Pages

23 May 2013

Rainfall intensity plays an important role in landslide prediction especially in mountain areas. However, the rainfall intensity of a location is usually interpolated from rainfall recorded at nearby gauges without considering any possible effects of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing for Landslides Investigation: From Research into Practice)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,240 Views
21 Pages

7 January 2022

Satellites offer a way of estimating rainfall away from rain gauges which can be utilised to overcome the limitations imposed by gauge density on traditional rain gauge analyses. In this study, Australian station data along with the Japan Aerospace E...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,340 Views
23 Pages

23 July 2024

This paper proposes a new post-processing method for model data in order to improve typhoon track and rainfall forecasts. The model data used in the article include low-resolution ensemble forecasts and high-resolution forecasts. The entire improveme...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data Assimilation for Predicting Hurricane, Typhoon and Storm (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,940 Views
17 Pages

Bias Correction Methods Applied to Satellite Rainfall Products over the Western Part of Saudi Arabia

  • Ibrahim H. Elsebaie,
  • Atef Q. Kawara,
  • Raied Alharbi and
  • Ali O. Alnahit

24 June 2025

Accurate rainfall data with good spatial–temporal distribution remain a challenge worldwide, particularly in arid regions such as western Saudi Arabia, where variability critically influences water resource management and flood mitigation. This...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Methods for the Investigation of the Atmospheric Water Cycle)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,905 Views
19 Pages

Temporal Transferability of Satellite Rainfall Bias Correction Methods in a Data-Limited Tropical Basin

  • Elgin Joy N. Bonalos,
  • Elizabeth Edan M. Albiento,
  • Johniel E. Babiera,
  • Hilly Ann Roa-Quiaoit and ,
  • Corazon V. Ligaray,
  • Melgie A. Alas,
  • Mark June Aporador and
  • Peter D. Suson
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

23 January 2026

The Philippines experiences intense rainfall but has limited ground-based monitoring infrastructure for flood prediction. Satellite rainfall products provide broad coverage but contain systematic biases that reduce operational usefulness. This study...

(This article belongs to the Section Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
344 Views
20 Pages

Study on Data Quality Control Method for X-Band Precipitation Radar in Complex Mountainous Areas

  • Xiaoning Li,
  • Xiaowan Liu,
  • Bin Zou,
  • Yan Wang and ,
  • Zewen Guan and
  • Min Xie
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

21 September 2026

X-band rainfall radar systems offer advantages such as high spatial resolution, flexible deployment options, and strong near-surface detection capabilities. However, due to the short electromagnetic wavelength in this band, the radar base data are hi...

(This article belongs to the Section Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
6,067 Views
21 Pages

The Combined Power of Double Mass Curves and Bias Correction for the Maximisation of the Accuracy of an Ensemble Satellite-Based Precipitation Estimate Product

  • Nutchanart Sriwongsitanon,
  • Chanphit Kaprom,
  • Kamonpat Tantisuvanichkul,
  • Nattakorn Prasertthonggorn and ,
  • Watchara Suiadee,
  • Wim G. M. Bastiaanssen and
  • James Alexander Williams
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Precise estimation of the spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall is essential for producing the reliable catchment response needed for proper management of water resources. However, in most parts of the world, gauged rainfall stations are s...

(This article belongs to the Topic Application of Smart Technologies in Water Resources Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,904 Views
18 Pages

Performance Evaluation of TerraClimate Monthly Rainfall Data after Bias Correction in the Fes-Meknes Region (Morocco)

  • Mohamed Hanchane,
  • Ridouane Kessabi,
  • Nir Y. Krakauer,
  • Abderrazzak Sadiki and ,
  • Jaafar El Kassioui and
  • Imane Aboubi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

27 May 2023

Morocco’s meteorological observation network is quite old, but the spatial coverage is insufficient to conduct studies over large areas, especially in mountainous regions, such as the Fez-Meknes region, where spatio-temporal variability in prec...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Variability in the Mediterranean Region)
  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
6,707 Views
17 Pages

16 January 2020

This study aimed to enhance the accuracy of extreme rainfall forecast, using a machine learning technique for forecasting hydrological impact. In this study, machine learning with XGBoost technique was applied for correcting the quantitative precipit...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar Hydrology and QPE Uncertainties)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,393 Views
25 Pages

Assessment of Satellite-Based Rainfall Products for Flood Modeling in the Ouémé River Basin in Benin (West Africa)

  • Marleine Bodjrènou,
  • Kaidi Peng,
  • Dognon Jules Afféwé,
  • Jean Hounkpè and ,
  • Hagninou E. V. Donnou,
  • Julien Adounkpè and
  • Aristide B. Akpo
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Reliable rainfall data are critical for managing hydrometeorological hazards in West Africa, yet they are often sparse and temporally inconsistent. The current study assessed the accuracy of four near real-time satellite-based rainfall data, namely I...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Processes and Modelling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,156 Views
33 Pages

17 August 2026

Climate change affects the intensity of extreme rainfall, which is an important factor for design flood assessment and dam safety, particularly in the monsoon region of Southeast Asia and the Mekong Basin, where seasonal rainfall variability is high...

(This article belongs to the Section Water and Climate Change)
  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
12,688 Views
21 Pages

21 July 2021

The availability of accurate and reliable rainfall data that are applicable to various phenomenological, climatological, and modeling studies is important, especially in the Philippines, which is considered to be highly vulnerable to natural hazards...

(This article belongs to the Section Earth Observation Data)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
6,296 Views
21 Pages

Comparison and Bias Correction of TMPA Precipitation Products over the Lower Part of Red–Thai Binh River Basin of Vietnam

  • Hung Manh Le,
  • Jessica R. P. Sutton,
  • Duong Du Bui,
  • John D. Bolten and
  • Venkataraman Lakshmi

1 October 2018

As the limitation of rainfall collection by ground measurement has been widely recognized, satellite-based rainfall estimate is a promising high-resolution alternative in both time and space. This study is aimed at exploring the capacity of the satel...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing of Precipitation)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,745 Views
16 Pages

Real-Time Flood Warning System Application

  • Ray-Shyan Wu,
  • You-Yu Sin,
  • Jing-Xue Wang,
  • Yu-Wen Lin and ,
  • Hsing-Chuan Wu,
  • Riyan Benny Sukmara,
  • Lina Indawati and
  • Fiaz Hussain
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

10 June 2022

The reliability of weather radar data in real-time flood forecasting and early warning system remain ambivalent due to high uncertainty in Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (QPF). In this study, a methodology is presented with the objective to imp...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,894 Views
19 Pages

Study on Correction Methods for GPM Rainfall Rate and Radar Reflectivity Using Ground-Based Raindrop Spectrometer Data

  • Lin Chen,
  • Huige Di,
  • Dongdong Chen,
  • Ning Chen and ,
  • Qinze Chen and
  • Dengxin Hua
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

7 August 2025

The Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) aboard the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission provides valuable three-dimensional precipitation structure data on a global scale and has been widely used in hydrometeorological research. Howeve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,290 Views
21 Pages

Spatiotemporal Distribution in Rainfall and Temperature from CMIP6 Models: A Downscaling and Correction Study in a Semi-Arid Region of Mexico

  • Ricardo Robles Ortiz,
  • Julián González Trinidad,
  • Carlos Bautista Capetillo,
  • Hugo Enrique Júnez Ferreira and ,
  • Cruz Octavio Robles Rovelo,
  • Ana Isabel Veyna Gomez,
  • Sandra Dávila Hernández and
  • Misael Del Rio Torres
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

6 April 2026

Water planning in semi-arid regions depends on climate information that resolves both seasonal timing and topographic gradients. This study evaluated 15 CMIP6 models over Zacatecas, Mexico, and produced a 1 km historical dataset for 1985–2014 b...

(This article belongs to the Section Water and Climate Change)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,323 Views
16 Pages

Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) Rainfall from Meteorology Radar over Chi Basin

  • Nathaporn Areerachakul,
  • Sethakarn Prongnuch,
  • Peeranat Longsomboon and
  • Jaya Kandasamy

11 October 2022

This study of the Quantitative Estimation Precipitation (QEP) of rainfall, detected by two Meteorology Radars over Chi Basin, North-east Thailand, used data from the Thai Meteorological Department (TMD). The rainfall data from 129 rain gauge stations...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,889 Views
39 Pages

Assessment of Satellite and Reanalysis Precipitation Data Using Statistical and Wavelet Analysis in Semi-Arid, Morocco

  • Achraf Chakri,
  • Nour-Eddine Laftouhi,
  • Lahcen Zouhri,
  • Hassan Ibouh and
  • Mounsif Ibnoussina

5 June 2025

Climate change, marked by decreasing rainfall and increasing extreme events, represents a major challenge for water resources, particularly in semi-arid regions. To estimate aquifer recharge, it is essential to assess the fraction of precipitation co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Investigations of Aquifer Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,230 Views
18 Pages

X-Band Radar Attenuation Correction Method Based on LightGBM Algorithm

  • Qiang Yang,
  • Yan Feng,
  • Li Guan,
  • Wenyu Wu and ,
  • Sichen Wang and
  • Qiangyu Li
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

3 February 2023

X-band weather radar can provide high spatial and temporal resolution data, which is essential to precipitation observation and prediction of mesoscale and microscale weather. However, X-band weather radar is susceptible to precipitation attenuation....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Meteorological Remote Sensing Algorithm and Applications for Clouds and Precipitation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,050 Views
22 Pages

18 July 2021

The single polarization C-Band weather radar network of the Meteorological Service of Catalonia covers the entire region (32,000 km2), which allows it to apply a series of corrections that improve preliminary estimations of the rainfall field (hourly...

  • Article
  • Open Access
603 Views
23 Pages

Rainfall Variability and Droughts in the Sebou Basin (Morocco): ERA5 Bias Correction by Quantile Mapping and Trend Analysis over 1980–2024

  • Kawtar Rezkallah,
  • Abdelali Sebbar,
  • Pascal Maugis,
  • Nir Y. Krakauer and ,
  • Wahib Hammoudy and
  • Wadi Badri
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

13 July 2026

Reconstructing long-term continuous precipitation series is essential for characterising rainfall variability, detecting hydroclimatic trends, and supporting water resource management in semi-arid Mediterranean regions. This study analyses rainfall v...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
586 Views
33 Pages

This study investigates the scaling properties of rainfall in Tunis over temporal scales ranging from 5 min to 2.5 years using high-resolution rain gauge data from three recording stations. We employ the Universal Multifractal (UM) framework to chara...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractals in Earthquake and Atmospheric Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,826 Views
15 Pages

2 July 2015

This work aims to evaluate the performance of a hydrological balance model in a watershed located in northern Tunisia (wadi Sejnane, 378 km2) in present climate conditions using input variables provided by four regional climate models. A modified ver...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regional Climate Modeling: Advances, Constraints and Use for Adaptation Planning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
55 Citations
8,466 Views
24 Pages

18 May 2018

This study investigates the utility of satellite-based rainfall estimates in simulating flash floods in Karpuz River Basin, Turkey, characterized by limited rain gauge network. Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) product was evaluated w...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,627 Views
25 Pages

Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Trends in Rainfall Indices in Senegal: Validation of CMIP6 Models over the Historical Period and Projections Under Future Climate Scenarios

  • Ibrahima Diouf,
  • Papa Fall,
  • Aissatou Faye,
  • Semou Diouf and ,
  • Abdou Khadyr Diouf,
  • Mamadou Baïlo Barry,
  • Ansoumana Bodian and
  • Amadou Sall
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

10 December 2025

Senegal, like many West African countries reliant on natural resources and agriculture, faces severe impacts from climate change. This study provides an analysis undertaken by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the S...

(This article belongs to the Section Weather, Events and Impacts)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,578 Views
36 Pages

This research addresses the challenge of bias in Remotely Sensed Rainfall (RSR) datasets used for hydrological planning in Uganda’s data-scarce, ungauged catchments. Four bias correction methods, Quantile Mapping (QM), Linear Transformation (LT...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,762 Views
15 Pages

29 June 2022

Satellite observations (Copernicus Sentinell-1) can supply antecedent soil moisture data, which helps to predict thresholds triggering runoff and runoff volume. In the paper, we developed a runoff correction factor to the USLE, using rainfall and sat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Erosion Measurement Techniques and Field Experiments)
  • Article
  • Open Access
538 Views
23 Pages

25 June 2026

Accurate rainfall estimates are essential for managing water resources and planning for climate risks in semi-arid regions, yet long-term gauge networks in these environments are often extremely limited. In this study, we evaluate three widely used m...

(This article belongs to the Section Satellite Missions for Earth and Planetary Exploration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
7,942 Views
16 Pages

16 August 2021

Scientists who want to know future climate can use multimodel ensemble (MME) methods that combine projections from individual simulation models. To predict the future changes of extreme rainfall in Iran, we examined the observations and 24 models of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Climate Variability, and Their Impact on Extreme Events)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,582 Views
21 Pages

Development of a Regularized Dynamic System Response Curve for Real-Time Flood Forecasting Correction

  • Yiqun Sun,
  • Weimin Bao,
  • Peng Jiang,
  • Wei Si and ,
  • Junwei Zhou and
  • Qian Zhang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

9 April 2018

The dynamic system response curve (DSRC) is commonly applied as a real-time flood forecasting error correction method to improve the accuracy of real-time flood forecasting. It has been widely recognized that the least squares (OLS/LS) method, employ...

(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1,139 Views
5 Pages

Ground-based weather radars are essential to better understand precipitation systems, to improve the Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE), and to subsequently provide input to hydrological models. However, reflectivity measured by radars is ty...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 17th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology, and Atmospheric Physics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,326 Views
17 Pages

Microwave radiometers are vital for global ocean observations, yet they are prone to errors from radio frequency interference, sun glint, and other contamination. This paper focuses on the newly launched Chinese FY-3G satellite’s Microwave Radi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Satellite Remote Sensing Applied in Atmosphere (3rd Edition))
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,388 Views
26 Pages

27 January 2026

Soil erosion poses a significant environmental challenge in semi-arid and Mediterranean regions, jeopardizing the sustainability of land and water resources. This study explores the spatio-temporal dynamics of water erosion within the Tafna watershed...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
6,041 Views
19 Pages

24 December 2021

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) are the most important and widely used data sources in several applications—e.g., forecasting drought and flood, and managing water resources—especially...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Remotely Sensed Data in Hydrology and Climatology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,088 Views
24 Pages

24 February 2022

A method that formulates the retrieval of drop size distribution (DSD) parameters from polarimetric radar variables at attenuating frequency as the solution of an inverse problem is presented. The DSD in each radar bin is represented by a normalized...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar Remote Sensing: Retrieval Algorithms and Applications for Characterizing Precipitation)

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