Background: Knowledge about artifacts in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is important to avoid misinterpretations. An overview of possible artifacts in posterior uveitis provides important information for interpretations. Methods: In...
This study retrospectively determined the relationship between vitreous IL-6 levels and clinical and laboratory data collected from uveitis patients. We examined an unknown cause of posterior uveitis, collecting vitreous fluid to investigate vitreous...
Kyrieleis plaques (KP) represent a peculiar type of vasculitis affecting retinal arterial branches in a beaded segmental pattern that can be found in several posterior inflammatory ocular conditions. The nature and precise location of KP is unclear....
Choroidal caverns (CCs) have been described in association with age-related macular degeneration and pachychoroid disease. However, it is unknown if caverns are found in patients with chronic non-infectious uveitis (NIU). Herein, we evaluated patient...
Retinal vascular diseases have distinct, complex and multifactorial pathogeneses yet share several key pathophysiological aspects including inflammation, vascular permeability and neovascularisation. In non-infectious posterior uveitis (NIU), retinal...
Background/Aims: Controversy exists regarding 3- or 4 drug antituberculosis therapy (conventional ATT) in uveitis patients having latent tuberculosis (LTB), especially while initiating therapy with corticosteroids and/or other immunosuppressants. Met...
Purpose: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has been applied to uveitis and intraocular inflammation since its availability after 2014. The imaging of retinal and choroidal vascularization without the use of dyes was a major development...
Syphilitic panuveitis is a severe and diagnostically highly challenging manifestation of ocular syphilis. Its predominant posterior-segment involvement and its tendency to mimic noninfectious or viral uveitis may delay etiologic recognition and incre...
Recent Ebola epidemics, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and emerging infectious disease threats have highlighted the importance of global infectious diseases and responses to public health emergencies. Ophthalmologists are essential health care worker...
Background: The global and precise follow-up of uveitis has become possible with the availability of dual fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) since the mid-1990s. Progressively, additional non-invasive imaging methods have emerg...
Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) is a bilateral chronic inflammation of the eye with no extraocular manifestations. BSCR affects middle-aged individuals from European descent and is strongly associated with the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A29 alle...
Purpose: Primary inflammatory choriocapillaropathies (PICCPs) belong to a group of intraocular inflammatory diseases with the common characteristic of inflammatory choriocapillaris hypo- or non-perfusion as the main clinicopathological mechanism. The...
Background: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the Retinal Function Imager (RFI) for visualizing retinal vasculature and assessment of blood flow characteristics in patients with retinal vasculitis. The RFI is a non-invasive imaging device measuring...
Acute posterior syphilitic placoid chorioretinopathy (ASPPC) is a rare ocular manifestation of syphilis characterized by outer retinal layers involvement and drop in visual acuity. The current work documents outer retinal layer involvement in this pa...
Background: Uveitis encompasses a broad group of diseases with infectious and non-infectious etiologies, potentially leading to permanent and irreversible visual impairment. This study aimed to determine whether the etiology and anatomical location o...
Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the etiology of uveitis and to examine its relationship with anatomical localization, age, and gender. Methods: A prospective study on patients with uveitis was conducted over a 13-year period at the...
Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a prompt and non-invasive imaging modality helpful in detecting pathological abnormalities within the retina and the choroid. This narrative review and case series provides an overview on the current application of FA...
We describe the unusual case of a young woman with tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) with bilateral diffuse uveitis and optic nerve inflammatory involvement since she was a child in the 1990s. Imaging diagnostic tools such as fluorescei...
Background: Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) is a rare disorder typically characterized by sudden-onset non-granulomatous anterior uveitis associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). However, the prevalence and clinica...
The association between vaccines and ocular disorders has attracted significant attention in scientific research. Numerous mainstream vaccines are associated with a range of uveitis types, including anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis. Addi...
Background and Objectives: Uveitis, a prevalent eye disorder characterized by inflammatory processes, often leads to cataract formation and significant visual impairment. This study aimed to evaluate preoperative conditions and postoperative outcomes...
Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive imaging modality used to analyze the retinochoroidal vasculature and detect vascular flow. The resulting images can be segmented to view each vascular plexus individually. W...
Uveitis in Behçet’s disease (BD) is frequent (40% of cases) and is a major cause of morbidity. The age of onset of uveitis is between 20 and 30 years. Ocular involvement includes anterior, posterior, or panuveitis. Uveitis may be the fir...
Background: Cataracts resulting from equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) or other forms of uveitis are usually associated with rapid progression. ERU is the most common ocular disease cause of blindness and cause of cataracts in horses. The necessity for...
Uveitis is the third leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Currently, the most widely used treatment of non-infectious uveitis is corticosteroids. Posterior uveitis and macular edema can be treated with intraocular injection of corticos...
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, extraintestinal manifestations may occur in the liver, musculoskeletal system and e...
Background/Objectives: Granulomatous uveitis comprises a clinically heterogeneous group of inflammatory disorders, including ocular sarcoidosis, Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease, sympathetic ophthalmia, tuberculosis-associated uveitis, and sy...
Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) in rats is a pivotal model for understanding the immunological mechanisms of human uveitis and developing therapies. In humans, optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows for the in vivo detection of characteristi...
Background and Objectives: To investigate the etiology, clinical features, ocular complications, and visual outcomes in children with infectious uveitis referred to a tertiary uveitis hospital-based service. Materials and Methods: Children with infec...
There are increasing reports that anticancer drugs, especially immunotherapy and specific targeted therapy, can cause uveitis, but it is not fully understood whether the clinical features of this drug-induced uveitis differ from those of other types...
Ophthalmic drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye has been challenging due to the complex ocular anatomy. Intravitreal injection of drugs was introduced to deliver therapeutic doses in the posterior segment. Different posterior segment dis...
Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) can be an early or even the first extra-articular manifestation of systemic rheumatic diseases, or the first one; thus, rheumatologists are often involved in the diagnostic and therapeutic assessment of NIU. We evaluated...
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that involves the eyes in 10–55% of cases, sometimes without systemic involvement. All eye structures can be affected, but uveitis is the most common ocular manifestation and causes vision loss. The typica...
During the first 15 years of the AIDS epidemic patients experienced a high incidence of blindness due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and other severe ocular opportunistic infections. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy, introduced in 1996, dram...
Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) comprises a group of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases of the uvea that frequently affect people of working age. If inflammation is not controlled promptly, it may lead to permanent structural damage and visual loss....
Uveitis constitutes a heterogeneous group of intraocular inflammatory pathologies, including both infectious and non-infectious aetiologies, often leading to substantial morbidity and permanent loss of vision in up to 20% of the affected cases. Visua...
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a selective and reversible immunosuppressant agent that is widely used as a medication for a wide spectrum of diseases in humans such as graft versus host disease, non-infectious uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and a...
Retinal vascular leakage is known to be an important biomarker to monitor the disease activity of uveitis. Although fluorescein angiography (FA) is a gold standard for the diagnosis and assessment of the disease activity of uveitis, the evaluation of...
Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) represents one of the leading causes of blindness in developed countries. The therapeutic strategy aims to rapidly control intra-ocular inflammation, prevent irremediable ocular damage, allow corticosteroid sparing and sa...
Prednisolone acetate (PA) ophthalmic solution is used to treat post-cataract surgery uveitis. In humans, studies comparing difluprednate (DFBA) and PA ophthalmic solutions have reported the usefulness of DFBA. Herein, we compared the effects of PA an...
Uveitis comprises a heterogeneous group of intraocular inflammatory diseases that differ in anatomical location, etiology, clinical course, and immune mechanisms. Despite this diversity, evidence derived predominantly from experimental autoimmune uve...
Ocular Toxoplasmosis (OT), a leading cause of infectious posterior uveitis, presents significant diagnostic challenges in atypical cases due to phenotypic overlap with other retinochoroiditides and a reliance on expert interpretation of multimodal im...
Objectives: To describe the outcomes of patients with refractory noninfectious ocular inflammatory diseases who underwent treatment with repository corticotropin injection (RCI). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients who faile...
Vaccine-associated anterior uveitis (VAAU) is an uncommon ocular inflammatory phenotype reported after several vaccine platforms. It describes anterior segment inflammation occurring after vaccination when infectious, autoimmune, idiopathic, medicati...
Human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells are important for the establishment and maintenance of the immune privilege of the eye. They function as target cells for human cytomegalovirus (hCMV), but are able to restrict viral replication. hCMV cau...
Syphilis is a systemic infection with a broad spectrum of ocular involvement that can affect every segment of the eye. Clinical presentations range from interstitial keratitis, conjunctivitis, episcleritis, and scleritis to anterior, intermediate, an...
The interaction between leukocytes and cytokine-activated retinal endothelium is an initiating step in non-infectious uveitis involving the posterior eye, mediated by cell adhesion molecules. However, because cell adhesion molecules are required for...
Background/Objectives: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of ocular fluids is an essential diagnostic method for identifying infectious causes of uveitis. However, multiplex PCR kits specifically developed for ophthalmic use are not commercially...
Background andObjectives: This 10-year multicenter retrospective study reviewed the clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, and treatment modalities of tubercular uveitis (TBU), including direct infection and indirect immune-mediated hypersensitiv...
Ebola virus disease (EVD) and emerging infectious disease threats continue to threaten life, prosperity and global health security. To properly counteract EVD, an improved understanding of the long-term impact of recent EVD outbreaks in West Africa a...
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