In this paper, by developing a mathematical model, the temperature of PSCs under different operating conditions has been calculated. It is found that by reducing the density of tail states at the interfaces through some passivation mechanisms, the op...
In the thermal design of low sloped roofing assemblies, two parameters are overlooked, one is the surface temperature of the roof assemblies which provides the required temperature gradient for heat flow, and the other is the mean operating temperatu...
CeO2/ZnO-heterojunction-nanorod-array-based chemiresistive sensors were studied for their low-operating-temperature and gas-detecting characteristics. Arrays of CeO2/ZnO heterojunction nanorods were synthesized using anodic electrodeposition coating...
The research problem concerning oils used for lubricating piston combustion engines is still very current and important. The proper selection of oil and its properties have a significant impact on engine reliability and durability, their efficiency,...
Thermal stability, closely associated with the operating temperature, is one of the desired properties for practical applications of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this paper, an OSC of the structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/ZnO/Ag was fabricated,...
The circulating cooling water system is widely used in various industrial production fields, and its operating cost largely depends on external factors, such as ambient temperature and working medium flow. Considering the relative elevation of the he...
The stratospheric airship is a kind of aircraft that completely relies on the cycle of photovoltaic energy systems to achieve long duration flight. The accurate estimation of the operating temperature of solar cell modules on stratospheric airship is...
The operating temperature is an essential parameter determining the performance of a photovoltaic (PV) module. Moreover, the estimation of the temperature in the absence of measurements is very complex, especially for outdoor conditions. Fortunately,...
Optically driven liquid crystal displays (ODLCDs) realizes their display function by tuning the easy axis of liquid crystal (LC) molecules under polarized blue light, which has been utilized in some optical devices due to its advantages of ultra-low...
Organic solar cells (OSCs) are promising renewable energy sources for replacing fossil fuels. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs has increased based on tremendous effort in material and device engineering. Still, the stability of OSC, such...
The expansion of renewable energy sources and sustainable infrastructures for the generation of electrical and thermal energies and fuels increasingly requires efforts to develop efficient technological solutions and holistically balanced systems to...
This study examined the performance of a flexible polymer/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite sensor array as a function of operating temperature. The response magnitudes of a cost-effective flexible gas sensor array equipped with a heater...
The choice of a particular PV technology for best performance is sometimes based upon a single factor or single operating condition. However, many parameters have functionalities that oppose each under actual operating conditions. In this paper, the...
Systematic steady-state measurements were performed in order to investigate the effect of operating temperature on the individual half-cell reactions in all vanadium redox flow cells. Results confirm that the kinetic losses are dominated by the negat...
The decarbonization of the heat supply is crucial for the German energy transition. Integrating Power-to-Heat technologies like heat pumps (HPs) into district heating grids (DHGs) can support this process. The efficiency of HPs can be increased throu...
In CNC machines, the temperature field analysis of spindle servo permanent magnet motors (SSPMMs) under rated load, overload, and weak magnetic conditions is critical for ensuring stable operation and machining accuracy. This paper proposes a tempera...
In this study, a concentration overvoltage model that focuses on describing variable-temperature operating condition properties for PEMFCs is established. Sensitivity analysis and a quantification study of oxygen transport resistance are carried out...
The Energy System lab at the University of Trieste has carried out a study to investigate the reduction in performance of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (HTPEM) fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) when subjected to different...
This research presents the design and implementation of a cascade Proportional–Integral (PI) controller tailored for a Variable Air Volume (VAV) system that was specially created and executed particularly for hospital operating rooms. The main...
To give full play to battery capability, the state of power (SoP) should be predicted in real time to inform the vehicle control unit (VCU) whether the upcoming driving scenarios of acceleration overtaking, ramp climbing, constant cruising and feedba...
High operating temperature mid-wavelength InAs/GaSb superlattice infrared photodetectors with a single heterojunction structure grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition are reported. By inserting a fully-depleted wider-gap barrier layer...
In this paper, the concept of symmetry is utilized to inform the structural design of our multi-sensor fusion framework—that is, the hierarchical feature extraction and spatial–temporal correlation modeling exhibit symmetrical properties...
The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is the most commonly used technique for decreasing the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs). However, the same injection strategy in the SCR system shows significant variat...
This work investigates the effect of spool displacement control of the piezoelectric stack actuator (PSA) based valve system on the flow motion of the pressure drop and flow rate. As a first step, the governing equations of the structural parts of th...
A reduced grapheme oxide (rGO)/Au hybrid nanocomposite has been synthesized by hydrothermal treatment using graphite and HAuCl4 as the precursors. Characterization, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, X-ray photoelecton spectroscopy (XP...
12Cr1MoV is commonly used for pressure pipes in thermal power plants. However, its service life has always prevented the development of such metallic materials. This experiment applies a tensile and impact experiment to investigate the metal cluster...
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is one of the most widely used isothermal amplification technologies in molecular diagnostics. However, LAMP operates at a high temperature of 65 °C; thus, operating LAMP at a lower temperature is des...
The assessment of heating systems is not only interested in the efficiency of the heating system itself, but also in the quality of the environment that the heating system creates. The quality of the environment and the heat-humidity microclimate is...
The length of the beach season at Lake Balaton (Hungary, Central Europe) in the period 2002–2024 is estimated using daily data of air temperature, water temperature and wind speed. Daily thermal load is approached by calculating operative tempe...
Temperature is one of the main loads of super-high arch dams. (1) Background: a super-high arch dam in southwest China was taken as an example in this paper and the temporal-spatial evolution law of dam temperature was analyzed based on the monitorin...
Automotive structural adhesives must show a steady toughness performance in the temperature range of −40 °C to 80 °C, considering their actual usage environments. Core-shell rubber (CSR) nanoparticles are known to enhance the toughness of epoxy syste...
In weather forecasting and climate monitoring, daily maximum and minimum air temperatures (TMAX and TMIN) are fundamental for operational and research purposes, from early warning of extreme events to climate change studies. This study provides an in...
Currently, energy policy is associated with the increase in the share of renewable sources in systemic energy production. Due to this trend, coal-fired power units must increase their work flexibility. Adapting a coal power plant to work with a lower...
The New Energy and Industry Technology Development Organization (NEDO) road map (Japan, 2017) has proposed that a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) system, which operates at a temperature of 90 °C and 100 °C, be applied for stationary and mobility...
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operating at elevated temperature has many advantages compared to low temperature prototypes. With the adoption of short side chain, low equivalent weight (EW) perfluorosulphonic acid (PFSA) membrane, a 100W...
Intermittent operation can improve the coefficient of performance (COP) of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. In this paper, an analytical solution to analyze the geo-temperature restoration performance under intermittent operation of borehole...
To improve the reactor efficiency, this study investigated the influence of temperature on the biological hydrogen methanation (BHM) in trickle-bed reactors (TBR). Rising temperatures increase the metabolic activity of methanogenic microorganisms, th...
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the separator thickness on not only the heat and mass transfer characteristics, but also the power generation characteristics of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with a thin polym...
All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) using argyrodite electrolyte materials have shown promise for applications in electric vehicles (EVs). However, understanding the effects of processing parameters on the ionic conductivity of these electroly...
Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are a form of energy harvester and eco-friendly power generation system that directly transform thermal energy into electrical energy. The thermoelectric (TE) method of energy harvesting takes advantage of the Seebeck...
Natural ventilation associated with a mechanical fan is a feasible strategy to enhance thermal acceptability in warm weather. The ASHRAE-55 provides the increase for operative temperature proportional to the increase in air speed while maintaining th...
In order to obtain large room-temperature electrocaloric effect (ECE) and wide operation temperature range simultaneously in lead-free ceramics, we proposed designing a relaxor ferroelectric with a Tm (the temperature at which the maximum dielectric...
Lowering the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to the intermediate range (500–700 ºC) has become one of the main SOFC research goals. High operating temperatures put numerous requirements on materials selection and on secondary...
This paper reports an InAs/InAsSb strained-layer superlattice (SLS) mid-wavelength infrared detector and a focal plane array particularly suited for high-temperature operation. Utilizing the nBn architecture, the detector structure was grown by molec...
An experimental rig of a zeotropic mixture separation condensation-based dual-temperature refrigeration cycle is built and the mixture R290/R600a is used as the refrigerant. Compared with a conventional cycle, the proposed refrigeration system demons...
Maintaining the integrity of the cement sheath is essential for the sealing of underground gas storage. The formation creep, temperature changes, and operating pressure changes during the operation of underground gas storage can cause changes in the...
Metal oxide (MOx) gas sensor signals are mainly governed by adsorption and desorption processes of oxygen and its reaction with surrounding gas molecules. Different target gases exhibit different reaction rates leading to characteristic sensor respon...
Gas sensitive iridium-gated field effect transistors based on silicon carbide were used to study the response towards formaldehyde, ammonia, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide at concentrations ranging from parts per million to parts per billion di...
This paper proposes a three-stage op amp based on the SOI (silicon-on-insulator) process, which achieves a low offset voltage and temperature coefficient across a wide temperature range from −40 °C to 250 °C. It can be used in aerospace...
The object of study is the temperature of a braking system, operating in repetitive short-term (RST) mode. One element of the considered friction pair is made of a functionally gradient material (FGM), and the other of a homogeneous material. To dete...
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