Significant deformations of bodies made from compliant magnetoactive elastomers (MAE) in magnetic fields make these materials promising for applications in magnetically controlled actuators for soft robotics. Reported experimental research in this co...
Macroscopic fields such as electromagnetic, magnetohydrodynamic, acoustic or gravitational waves are usually described by classical wave equations with possible additional damping terms and coherent sources. The aim of this paper is to develop a comp...
Recent years have seen the flourishing of research devoted to quantum effects on mesoscopic and macroscopic scales. In this context, in Entropy 2019, 21, 705, a formalism aiming at describing macroscopic quantum fields, dubbed Reduced State of t...
A phenomenological material model has been developed to facilitate the efficient numerical analysis of fiber-reinforced high-performance concrete (HPC). The formulation integrates an elasto-plastic phase-field model for simulating fractures within th...
In this study, we develop quantum measurement theory for quantum systems described by C∗-algebras. This is the first step to establish measurement theory for interacting quantum fields with off-shell momenta. Unlike quantum mechanics (i.e., quantum s...
The crack geometry and associated strain field around Berkovich and Vickers indents on silicon have been studied by X-ray diffraction imaging and micro-Raman spectroscopy scanning. The techniques are complementary; the Raman data come from within a f...
Perspective low-macroscopic field (LMF) emission prototype cathodes based on fullerene C60—doped porous silicon were realized via a two-stage technique comprising the electrochemical etching process of a monocrystalline silicon wafer and functi...
Saturated aqueous salt solutions have diverse applications in food production, mineral processing, pharmaceuticals, and environmental monitoring. However, the random and disordered arrangement of ions in these solutions poses limitations across diffe...
Soft magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) are currently considered to be promising materials for actuators in soft robotics. Magnetically controlled actuators often operate in the vicinity of a bias point. Their dynamic properties can be characterized by...
The MR transverse relaxation rate, R2*, has been widely used to detect iron and myelin content in tissue. However, it is also sensitive to macroscopic B0 inhomogeneities. One approach to correct for the B0 effect is to fit gradient-echo signals with...
The applicability ranges of macroscopic and microscopic electromagnetism are contrasting. While microscopic electromagnetism deals with point sources, singular fields, and discrete atomistic materials, macroscopic electromagnetism concerns smooth ave...
We propose a theoretical approach and a numerical method for determining the Frank elastic constants based on the experimental dependence of the effective values of the permittivity components on the magnetic field. The theoretical task was to find t...
Simulating the rheological behaviors of polymer solutions is intrinsically a multi-scale problem. To study the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics in the fluid flow of dilute polymer solutions, we designed a multi-scale solver, which couples...
Polyatomic gases may be characterized by internal molecular degrees of freedom. As a consequence, at a macroscopic level, dynamic pressure appears, which may be related to the bulk viscosity of the gas. Inspired by the models of a single polyatomic g...
During the laser cladding process, the distribution of the temperature field directly influences the morphology, microstructure, and residual stress state of the cladding layer. However, the process involves transient characteristics of rapid heating...
We consider the macroscopic motion of the normal component of superfluid 3He-A in global thermodynamic equilibrium within the context of the Zubarev statistical operator method. We formulate the corresponding effective theory in the language of the f...
In previous studies, information dynamics methods such as Von Neumann entropy and Rényi entropy played an important role in many fields, covering both macroscopic and microscopic studies. They have a solid theoretical foundation, but there are...
In this paper, we study the system size expansion of a stochastic model for radiation-induced DNA damage kinetics and repair. In particular, we characterize both the macroscopic deterministic limit and the fluctuation around it. We further show that...
This paper proposes a multilevel three-dimensional constitutive model based on a microscopically phenomenological approach from the domain rotation mechanism, which is a fully coupled self-consistent homogenization scheme considering the interactions...
In the practical operation of traditional landfills, compaction clay often experiences cracking, while the HDPE geomembrane may tear and bulge, resulting in a compromised performance of the landfill covering system. To address this issue, a capillary...
Mechatronics systems, a macroscopic domain, aim at producing highly efficient engineering platforms, with applications in a variety of industries and situations. On the other hand, quantum technologies, a microscopic domain, are emerging as a promisi...
Prospects for reaching persistent entanglement between two spatially-separated atomic Bose–Einstein condensates are outlined. The system setup comprises two condensates loaded in an optical lattice, which, in return, is confined within a high-Q optic...
This paper develops a phase-field approach to describe the damage within continuum mechanics. The body is associated with the standard stresses and body forces of macroscopic character. As is the case in many contexts, the phase field is a scalar var...
The construction of abundant pore channels between the layers of Ti3C2Tx MXene film is an important approach to fully exploit the 2D macromolecular properties of MXene (Ti3C2Tx), which is of great significance for further realizing the practical appl...
Kaluza was the first to realize that the four-dimensional gravitational field of general relativity and the classical electromagnetic field behave as if they were components of a five-dimensional gravitational field. We present a novel experimental t...
In the transient phase of an atmospheric pressure discharge, the avalanche turns into a streamer discharge with time. Hydrodynamic fluid models are frequently used to describe the formation and propagation of streamers, where charge particle transpor...
Field measurements in subduction regions have revealed the presence of non-seismic pre-earthquake signals such as electromagnetic or acoustic emission, gas liberation, changes in Earth’s surface temperature, changes at the ionospheric level, or...
Polar structures of CaxBa1−xNb2O6 (CBN100x) single crystals were investigated using piezoresponse force microscopy. Increasing Ca content results in decreasing domain size and enhancement of the polar disorder. For the composition with x = 0.32 the c...
This technical note determines the feasibility of using an InceptionV4_ResNetV2 convolutional neural network (CNN) to correctly identify hardwood species from macroscopic images. The method is composed of a commodity smartphone fitted with a 14×...
Extruded high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable systems contain interfaces with poorly understood microscopic properties, particularly surface roughness. Modelling the effect of roughness on conduction in cable insulation is challenging, as the ava...
The macroscopic properties of novel liquid crystal (LC) systems—LCs with unconventional molecular structure as well as conventional LCs in unconventional geometries—directly descend from their mesoscopic structural organization. While X-r...
Herein, we describe a study of the phenomenon of field-induced electron emission from thin films deposited on flat Si substrates. Films of Mo with an effective thickness of 6–10 nm showed room-temperature low-field emissivity; a 100 nA current...
Charge transport in nanosized electronic systems is described by semiclassical or quantum kinetic equations that are often costly to solve numerically and difficult to reduce systematically to macroscopic balance equations for densities, currents, te...
How to improve the computational efficiency of flow field simulations around irregular objects in near-continuum and continuum flow regimes has always been a challenge in the aerospace re-entry process. The discrete velocity method (DVM) is a commonl...
The Bell–Bloom magnetometer in response to a magnetic field of arbitrary direction is observed theoretically and experimentally. A theoretical model is built from a macroscopic view to simulate the magnetometer frequency response to an external...
Anatomic studies have traditionally relied on macroscopic, microscopic, and histological techniques to investigate the structure of tissues and organs. Anatomic studies are essential in many fields, including medicine, biology, and veterinary science...
We reconsider some well-known tunneling processes from the point of view of Aharonov-Bohm electrodynamics, a unique extension of Maxwell’s theory which admits charge-current sources that are not locally conserved. In particular we are intereste...
Digital Twins (DTs) are becoming essential tools for real-time decision-making in transportation systems. This paper presents a macroscopic traffic digital twin developed for a 50 km segment of the C-32 interurban highway in Spain. The digital twin r...
In this paper we extend the Zeldovich formula, which was originally derived for the free electromagnetic field and was interpreted as the number of photons. We show that our extended formula gives a universal dimensionless measure of the overall stre...
The magnetic remanence of silica microspheres with a low concentration of embedded cobalt ferrite nanoparticles is studied after demagnetization and remagnetization treatments. When the microspheres are dispersed in a liquid, alternating current (AC)...
The analysis of fretting fatigue plays an important role in many engineering fields. The presence of heterogeneity may affect the performance of a machine or a structure, including its lifetime and stability. In this paper, the effect of randomly dis...
Squaric-acid-linked zwitterionic covalent organic frameworks (Z-COFs), assembled through interlayer interactions, are emerging as potential materials in the field of photocatalysis. However, the study of their interlayer interactions has been largely...
The quantum electromagnetic (EM) field is formulated in the Weyl–Wigner representation (WW), which is equivalent to the standard Hilbert space one (HS). In principle, it is possible to interpret within WW all experiments involving the EM field...
Artificial intelligence (AI) applied to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is enjoying great success in the field of scientific research. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are the cornerstone form of examination in cardiology and are the most widely used diagnosti...
Performance assessment of nuclear waste repositories requires state-of-the-art knowledge of radionuclide transport properties. Additionally, the short-term development under thermal pulses and the long-term development of the near field—due to...
Glass transition is a most intriguing and long-standing open issue in the field of molecular liquids. From a macroscopic perspective, glass-forming systems display a dramatic slowing-down of the dynamics, with the inverse diffusion coefficient and th...
Microbubbles have been applied in various fields. In the mercury targets of spallation neutron sources, where cavitation damage is a crucial issue for life estimation, microbubbles are injected into the mercury to absorb the thermal expansion of the...
Current computers are made of semiconductors. Semiconductor technology enables realization of microscopic quantum bits based on electron spins of individual electrons localized by gates in field effect transistors. This results in very fragile quantu...
We study the transport properties of HgTe quantum wells with critical well thickness, where the band gap is closed and the low energy spectrum is described by a single Dirac cone. In this work, we examined both macroscopic and micron-sized (mesoscopi...
Quantum and classical mechanics are fundamentally different theories, but the correspondence principle states that quantum particles behave classically in the appropriate limit. For high-energy periodic quantum systems, the emergence of the classical...
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