Characterization of porous materials is essential for predicting and modeling their adsorption performance, strength, and durability. However, studies on the optimization of the pore structure to efficiently remove pollutants in the atmosphere by phy...
An Al-Si matrix foam sandwich (AFS) with 6063 Al alloy cover sheets was fabricated by hot rolling combined with melt foaming. A foamable AlSiMg1/SiCp matrix precursor was prepared by the melting route. Hot rolling at 480 °C was carried out to obt...
Due to its excellent mechanical properties and ultra-lightweight, Al-based foam with homogeneous small pore-structures has wide applicational prospects in many industrial fields. However, during the foaming process of molten Al, it is difficult to ma...
In this paper, a thermo-responsive shape memory effect in a polyvinyl chloride thermoset foam is characterized. Excellent shape recovery performance is observed in foam samples programmed both at room temperature and above their transition temperatur...
Sound absorbing composites with stratified structures, including double-layer and sandwich structures, were prepared through the combination of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and polyurethane foam (PUFM). The effects of the thickness ratio of layers,...
Barium titanate/nitrile butadiene rubber (BT/NBR) and polyurethane (PU) foam were combined to prepare a sound-absorbing material with an alternating multilayered structure. The effects of the cell size of PU foam and the alternating unit number on th...
We propose urethane-foam-embedded silicon pressure sensors, including a stress-concentration packaging structure, for integration into a car seat to monitor the driver’s cognitive state, posture, and driving behavior. The technical challenges o...
To enhance the stability of biomass gel foam used for inhibiting coal spontaneous combustion (CSC), a novel highly stable biomass gel foam (SA-Ca2+@TA-GF) based on a double cross-linked structure was prepared by introducing tannic acid (TA) into a ge...
Geopolymer foam concrete (GFC) is a green, lightweight material produced by introducing bubbles into the geopolymer slurry. The raw materials for GFC are primarily silicon–aluminum-rich minerals or solid waste. Lead–zinc tailings (LZTs),...
Polymer foams are extensively utilized because of their superior mechanical and energy-absorbing capabilities; however, foam materials of consistent geometry are difficult to produce because of their random microstructure and stochastic nature. Alter...
Plastic foam molding methods include thermoforming, extrusion and injection molding. Injection foam molding is a one-time molding method with high production efficiency and good product quality. It is suitable for foamed plastic products with complex...
A partially foamed lattice structure based on synthetic polymers was considered as a functionally graded materials due to their unique properties. In this study, a copolymer is manufactured to be porous functional materials by physical foaming techno...
This paper focuses on the development of hybrid structures containing two different classes of porous materials, nanocomposite foams made of polyurethane combined with graphene-based materials, and aluminum open-cell foams (Al-OC). Prior to the hybri...
In this study, we fabricated poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microcellular foams featuring tunable cellular structures and porosity, through adjusting the supercritical CO2 foaming conditions. Experimental testing and finite element model (FEM) sim...
CO2 foam fracturing in tight and shale reservoirs is a revolutionary technique for commercially viable production. Nevertheless, the screening of foaming agents used in CO2 foam fracturing fluid and the understanding of foaming mechanisms have not be...
This study systematically investigates the high-velocity impact response and energy absorption characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP)—aluminum foam (AlF) hybrid composite structures, aiming to address the growing demand for l...
Closed-cell aluminum foam has a porous structure and metal properties due to its unique composition. As a structural material, it has the advantages of being lightweight, having a large specific surface area, and having high specific strength and sti...
Polymer-based (nano)composite foams containing conductive (nano)fillers limit electromagnetic interference (EMI) pollution, and have been shown to act as good shielding materials in electronic devices. However, due to their high (micro)structural com...
The direction of construction science that is associated with the development of the theory and practice of creating a new generation of foam concrete is particularly interesting and relevant. The development of improved structural foam concrete usin...
The objective of this research paper is to examine the shock-absorption capabilities of sandwich structures that utilize polyurethane foam and aluminum as energy-absorbing materials. A series of drop weight impact tests were conducted on sandwich str...
This work was inspired by previous experiments which managed to establish an optimal template-dealloying route to prepare ultralow density metal foams. In this study, we propose a new analytical–numerical model of hollow-structured metal foams with s...
Polyurethane (PU) foams are versatile materials with a broad application range. Their performance is driven by the stoichiometry of polymerization reaction, which has been investigated in several works. However, the analysis was often limited only to...
This study explored the structural features and foaming properties of ovalbumin (OVA) and its glycosylated conjugates with citrus pectin (CP) formed through the Maillard reaction. The results demonstrated that OVA and CP were successfully conjugated,...
In this paper, a red-eared slider turtle is used as the prototype for the bionic design of the foamed silicone rubber sandwich structure. The effect of impact angle on the performance of the foamed silicone rubber sandwich structure against low-veloc...
Composite sandwich structures are well-suited for applications requiring high bending strength, flexural rigidity, crashworthiness, and light weight. However, skin–core debonding and core failure remain a barrier to optimal structural performan...
Multiscale structured polymers have been considered as a promising category of functional materials with unique properties. We combined rapid prototyping and gas foaming technologies to fabricate multiscale functional materials of superior mechanical...
Smart flexible materials with piezoresistive property are increasingly used in the field of sensors. When embedded in structures, they would allow for in situ structural health monitoring and damage assessment of impact loading, such as crash, bird s...
Hybrid structures have the advantage of combining different types of materials at the same time. The trend of lightweight design in the transportation industry has promoted the development and application of composite materials with good crashworthin...
This study proposes the composites with a sandwich structure that is primarily made by the multi-step foaming process. The staple material is polyurethane (PU) foam that is combined with carbon fibers, followed by a Kevlar woven fabric. The composite...
In this work, quasistatic mechanical compression experiments were used to study the stress–strain relationship of aluminum foam, and the mechanism of the compressive deformation of aluminum foam under quasistatic compression conditions is discussed b...
Proteins have the ability to form foam, which is a system consisting of a gas phase dispersed within a continuous phase, either liquid or solid. In certain types of food, the incorporation of gas is important for maintaining quality and sensory attri...
The paper describes the preparation and characterization of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams obtained with biopolyol synthesized in the process of liquefaction of biomass from the Baltic Sea. The obtained foams differed in the cont...
Polyimide foam (PIF) is a rising star in high-end applications such as aerospace thermal insulation and military sound absorption. However, the basic rule on molecular backbone design and uniform pore formation of PIF still need to be explored. In th...
Structured catalysts based on hydrotalcite-derived coatings on open-cell metallic foams combine tailored basic/acidic sites, relatively high specific surface area and/or metal dispersion of the coating as well as low pressure drop and enhanced heat a...
Open-cell type aluminum foams with various structural conditions and alloy compositions were manufactured using the replication casting process. The porosity of the foams ranged from 55% to 62%, with pore sizes of 0.7~1.0 mm, 1.0~2.0 mm, and 2.8~3.4...
There is accelerating demand for energy-absorbing structures fabricated from lightweight materials with idealized, near-constant force responses to simultaneously resolve the engineering challenges of vehicle mass reduction and improved occupant safe...
With the development of additive manufacturing, the building of new categories of lightweight structures such as random foams have been offered. Nevertheless, given the complexity of the required parts, macroscopic defects may result or the process m...
Biomass carbon foams are extensively utilized across various fields due to their favorable properties and cost-effectiveness. In this study, triethylene glycol (TEG), nylon 66 (PA66), and 3-glycidyl-oxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane (KH560) were incorporat...
Polyurethane foams have unique properties that make them suitable for a wide range of applications, including cushioning and seat pads. The foam mechanical properties largely depend on both the parent material and foam cell microstructure. Uniaxial l...
Composite sandwich structures are extensively used in aircraft applications. Aircraft components are required to be robust and lightweight. Sandwich structures made of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer as the facing sheets and milled-glass-fiber-reinfo...
Structured open-cell foam reactors are promising for managing highly exothermic reactions such as CO2 methanation due to their excellent heat transport properties. Especially at low flow rates and under dynamic operation, foam-based reactors can be a...
The catalytic methanation of CO2 via the strongly exothermic equilibrium Sabatier reaction requires the development of structured catalysts with enhanced mass- and heat-transfer features to limit hot-spot formation, avoid catalyst deactivation, and c...
Epoxy foam adhesives are widely used for weight reduction, watertight property, and mechanical reinforcement effects. However, epoxy foam adhesives have poor impact resistance at higher expansion ratios. Hence, we prepared an epoxy composite foam adh...
This study examines the impact of the porous structure on the density and mechanical behavior of a new foamed concrete incorporating hemp shives. The specific aim is to gain a better understanding of how the inclusion of hemp shiv, as well as differe...
Construction and demolition waste residue soil (CDWRS) recycled foamed concretes were prepared by introducing the original CDWRS into modified binders. Pore structure, hardened performance, and sandwich wallboard application were also investigated. T...
In natural gas gathering and transportation projects, efficient gas-liquid separation equipment is crucial to ensuring the stable operation of subsequent processes. Conventional separation units often have problems such as low efficiency, high energy...
Laboratory-scale cryogenic X-ray microtomography was employed for the first time to investigate the early structural evolution of polyurethane (PU) foams. This method enables ex situ studying the internal morphology of the frozen reactive mixture at...
The production of durable, non-combustible, heat-insulating materials is currently very important. One of the most promising materials is foam glass. Modern enterprises widely use organic foaming agents in foam glass production. The purpose of this w...
Lightweightness and durability are key consumer demands for footwear. To address the issues of deformation and poor durability in foamed sole materials, this study integrates natural fibers into the formulation of foamed rubber. The effects of natura...
In the pursuit of global energy conservation and emissions reductions, utilizing beverage cans as energy-absorbing components offers potential for a sustainable economy. This study examines the impact of foam filling on the crushing behaviors and ene...
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